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2008 Vol. 28, No. 01
Published: 2008-01-26
 
       光谱学与光谱分析
1 Analyses of Spectral Emissivity in Radiation Temperature Measurement
FU Tai-ran1,CHENG Xiao-fang2,ZHONG Mao-hua1,YANG Zang-jian2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.001
The complexity of the spectral emissivity of actual surfaces is the key point in the research and applications of radiation temperature measurement, resulting in the difficulty in the achievement of the temperature measurement. In the present paper, based on the discussions of the Taylor expansion, the non-dimension wavelength and the exponent, the authors describe the mathematical expression of the spectral emissivity of actual surfaces, and establish the general spectral emissivity function. Through the fitting of experimental data of the spectral emissivities of different metals at different temperatures, the applicability of the spectral emissivity function is verified which especially becomes the fundamental in the research of primary spectrum pyrometry.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 1-5 [Abstract] ( 313 ) PDF (1743 KB)  ( 738 )
6 Temperature Measurement of DC Argon Plasma Jet
YAN Jian-hua,PAN Xin-chao*,MA Zeng-yi,TU Xin,CEN Ke-fa
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.003
The electron temperature of DC arc plasma jet is an important parameter, which determines the characteristics of plasma jet. The measurement of emission spectrum was performed to obtain the spectral intensities of some Ar lines and the method of diagrammatic view of Boltzmann was adopted to calculate the electron temperature. The results indicated that the electron temperature dropped at different speed along with the axes of the plasma jet and rose rapidly when the current was increased, and it also rose when the flowrate of argon was increased.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 6-9 [Abstract] ( 2462 ) PDF (1387 KB)  ( 706 )
10 Absorption and Scattering Characteristics of Human Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia Tissue with Ti:Sapphire Laser Irradiation in Vitro
WEI Hua-jiang1,XING Da1*,HE Bo-hua2,WU Rong-hai3,GU Huai-min1,WU Guo-yong4,CHEN Xue-mei5
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.005
The optical properties and their differences of human benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues removed using transurethral plasma kinetic resection of the prostate (PKRP) and transurethral vaporization of the prostate (TUVP) at 640, 660, 680, 700, 720, 740, 760, 780, 800, 820, 840, 860 and 880 nm of Ti: Sapphire laser were studied in vitro. The measurements were performed using a double-integrating-sphere setup, and the absorption and scattering properties were assessed using the inverse adding-doubling method. The results of measurement showed that the absorption coefficients and reduced scattering coefficients of BPH tissues removed using PKRP and TURP obviously decreased with the increase in the wavelength for thirteen different laser wavelengths. The absorption coefficient and reduced scattering coefficient of BPH tissues removed using PKRP at a certain laser wavelength were obviously smaller than that of BPH tissues removed using TUVP at the same laser wavelength. The maximum absorption coefficient and maximum reduced scattering coefficient of BPH tissues removed using PKRP and TURP were respectively (0.885±0.022) and (0.955±0.024)mm-1,and (1.564±0.039) and (1.658±0.042)mm-1 at 640 nm, their differences were respectively 7.91% and 6.01%, and the minimum absorption coefficient and minimum reduced scattering coefficient of BPH tissues removed using PKRP and TURP were respectively (0.443±0.011) and (0.455±0.011)mm-1,and (1.117±0.028) and (1.197±0.030)mm-1 at 640 nm, their differences were respectively 2.71% and 9.13%. The maximum difference in the absorption coefficients of BPH tissues removed using PKRP and TURP is 8.95% at 660 nm, and the minimum difference is 1.75% at 860 nm. The maximum difference in the reduced scattering coefficients of BPH tissues removed using PKRP and TURP is 9.13% at 800 nm, and the minimum difference is 6.01% at 640 nm.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 10-13 [Abstract] ( 1160 ) PDF (1094 KB)  ( 639 )
14 Measurements of Density Distribution of High Energy Electrons by Emission Spectroscopy in Pulsed Discharge Reactor
DONG Bing-yan1,ZHANG Da-chao1,WU Yan2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.006
Pulsed streamer discharge can generates high energy electrons with energy higher than 11.03 eV and enough to excite N2 to its C3Пu state from the ground state, so the density of the high energy electrons can be obtained by diagnosing the relative emission spectrum intensity of the N2(C3Пu→B3Пg) emitted from the pulsed streamer discharge. In the present paper, the density distributions of high energy electrons in the wire-plate DeSO2 reactor with pulsed streamer discharge were studied in air at room temperature and 1 atm, and the influences of pulsed voltage and wire-to-wire spacing on the density distributions of high energy electrons were also studied. The experimental results show that high-energy electrons mainly centralize around the discharge wire of the wire-plate reactor, and the electron density reduces with the increase of the distance from the discharge wire. The pulse voltage has a great influence on the high energy electron density, and the high energy electron density increases linearly with increasing the pulsed voltage. Under a fixed wire-to-plate spacing, when the wire-to-wire spacing is 0.6-1 times the wire-to-plate spacing, the density distributions of the high energy electrons are more uniformity.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 14-17 [Abstract] ( 2232 ) PDF (1739 KB)  ( 593 )
18 Spectral Study of the Effects of Glasses Lenses’ Color Depth on Stereoscopic Vision
YAN Bing1,ZHAO Zhan-juan1,HU Jin-min2,LI Jing-ping3,FAN Chun-xia3
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.002
Glasses with zero focal-length lens and different shades of red, yellow and blue were studied in terms of absorbance by UV-Vis spectral absorption method. The effect of lens with different shades of the same color on stereoscopic vision was comparatively studied from the medical view. The study has shown that, for yellow and blue lens, there is no difference in the absorbance between the deep-color and light-color lens in UV; at 550 nm, the absorbance of deep-color lens is higher than that of light-color lens. Whereas, for red lens, the absorbance of light-color lens in UV is higher, and at 550 nm, still higher than that of deep-color. Those with light-color glasses of yellow or blue have much better stereoscopic vision than those with deep-color glasses, while the case is inversed as to those wearing red glasses. The conclusion can be drawn that the effect of lens with different shades on stereoscopic vision depends on the absorbance of lens at 550 nm, and the higher the absorbance, the stronger the effect.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 18-20 [Abstract] ( 2346 ) PDF (1205 KB)  ( 1040 )
21 Influence of Pressure on Plasma Temperature in Air/Argon Dielecteic Barrier Discharge
DONG Li-fang,QI Yu-yan, LI Li-chun,HAO Ya-juan,GAO Rui-ling,ZHAO Zeng-chao,LI Xue-chen
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.004
Electron excitation temperature and molecule vibrational temperature in argon/air dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) at different gas pressure with water electrodes were studied by using optical emission spectra. The spectral lines of Ar Ⅰ 763.51 nm(2P6→1S5) and ArⅠ 772.42 nm(2P2→1S3) were chosen to calculate electron excitation temperature by the relative intensity ratio method. The emission spectra of nitrogen band of second positive system (C3Πu→B3Πg) were measured at the same time. The molecule vibration temperature was estimated by the emission intensities of different bands with Δν=-1, Δν=-2, and Δν=-3 in nitrogen band of second positive system, using Boltzmann’s plot method. In addition, the relative line intensities of nitrogen (0-0) band of first negative system at 391.4 nm and (0-0) band of second positive system at 337.1 nm were also measured to study the variation of electron energy. It was found that the electron excitation temperature decreased from 4 700 to 3 300 K and the molecule vibrational temperature decreased from 3 200 to 2 900 K with increasing gas pressure from 20 to 60 kPa. Besides, the ratio of I(N+2)/I(N2) also decreased with pressure increasing from 20 to 60 kPa, indicating that the average electron energy decreases with the gas pressure increasing. These results are of great importance to the study of plasma dynamics of dielectric barrier discharge and also to the underlying industrial applications.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 21-23 [Abstract] ( 1476 ) PDF (1211 KB)  ( 984 )
24 Synthesis and Spectroscopy of Composite Materials Made from Lanthanide-Substituted Polyoxotungstate and Hemicyanine Derivative
GAO Li-hua1,2,WANG Ke-zhi1*
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.007
The organic composite materials formed by Keggin lanthanide-substituted polyoxotungstate anion [Ln(SiW11O39)2]13- (in which Ln=La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm) and (E)-N-methyl-4-(2-(4′-dimethylaminophenyl)ethenyl)pyridinium cation with the stoichiometry of (C16H19N2)10K3[Ln(SiW11O39)2], have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses, and IR, UV-Vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy. The results of spectra show that the title compounds have Keggin structure, and inorganic-organic composite materials are formed between the hemicyanine cations and the heteropoly anions, and the charge transfer occurs from the hemicyanine cations to the the heteropoly anions in title complexes. The compounds reported in this paper are interesting as optical materils.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 24-27 [Abstract] ( 1318 ) PDF (1188 KB)  ( 595 )
28 Spectral Characteristics of Biological Soil Crusts in Gurbantonggut Desert, Xinjiang
CHEN Jin1,YANG Wei1,ZHANG Yuan-ming2,WANG Xue-qin2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.008
Large areas of desert in arid and semi-arid regions are covered by biological soil crusts. Tracking the presence, distribution and disappearance of biological soil crusts is important for ecosystem management of desert regions and provides highly valuable information about desertification and climate change studies in arid and semiarid environments. The objective of the present paper is to analyze the unique reflectance spectral features of three types of biological soil crusts (moss, lichen and algae) relative to bare sand and dry plant. The measurements for the reflectance of bare sand, dry plant and biological soil crusts derived from the field survey were performed in the laboratory under dry condition. The reflectance of biological soil crusts after they were hydrated with 0.5 and 1.0 mm water respectively was also measured in the laboratory. It was found that the reflectance of crusts was much lower than that of bare sand throughout the Vis-SWIR region. Moreover, the reflectance of crusts exhibited a slightly flattening plateau between 600 and 750 nm, attributed to the absorption of photosynthetic pigments. Based on the spectral features of biological soil crusts, it was proposed that continuum removal technique could be used to retrieve the coverage of biological soil crusts. A significant correlation between the minus logarithm of the absorption depth of the continuum removal spectra and the coverage of biological soil crusts was found (r2=0.990 7). The liquid-water hydration experiment demonstrated that the absorption of photosynthetic pigments was strengthened after hydration, making the detection of biological soil crusts much easier.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 28-32 [Abstract] ( 1341 ) PDF (1585 KB)  ( 598 )
33 Visible Light Reflectance Spectrum for Measurement of Cancerous Tissue
WANG Cheng1,FAN Jin2,REN Qiu-shi2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.011
A goal the authors always pursue is to realize diagnosis of precancer in vivo, real-time and non-invasive. In the present paper, results of diagnosis of certain cancer were obtained by pathological analysis of several samples, and then the visible light reflectance spectrum property of cancerous tissue was acquired by the comparison with the reflectance spectrum of normal tissue in the same organ. It was found that the main result of change in the reflectance spectrum was caused by the increases in hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin. The cancerous tissue has a lower reflectance in visible spectrum and has the strongest change in the absorption at 630 nm. Absorption peaks in the reflectance spectrum indicated that there are abundant of oxygenated hemoglobin and deoxygenated hemoglobin in the cancerous tissue. It is the same characteristics as in the cancerous tissue. It was fully indicated experimentally that visible light reflectance spectrum can distinguish normal and cancerous tissue.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 33-36 [Abstract] ( 289 ) PDF (1615 KB)  ( 878 )
37 Application of Wavelet Transform to the Infrared Diffusion Reflectance Spectrum of Rocks
DENG Da-wei1,2,SONG Ning1,2,LI Qi-nan3,XU Xiao-xuan1,2,ZHANG Cun-zhou1,2*
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.009
The infrared diffuse reflectance spectra of hydrocarbon source rocks with different particle sizes were measured. The result indicated that the absorbency of the raw spectrum decreased with the reduction of particle size, but the relationship turned to be reverse after we pretreated the original spectra by using wavelet transform to eliminate the background and calibrate the baseline drift, both of which were caused by scattering. The reversed relations showed that the spectral lines were influenced deeply by the scattering of the samples. So the particle size of the samples to be measured and the particle size of the model samples must be consistent to reduce the error. The low frequency part of the spectrum filtrated by wavelet transform corresponds to the scattering, and the authors used it to set up a model at the latent absorbance wave number (near 2 820 cm-1) to forecast the particle size. By comparing this model with the other model based on the original spectrum the authors found that the pertinence of the anterior model is higher than the latter one and the value reaches 0.999 7. So the authors can accurately forecast and control the distribution of the particle size by this model, which can be used to improve the accuracy in the quantitative analysis of the infrared reflectance spectrum. Also the study validated that both scattering and absorption coefficients are inversely correlated with the particle size.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 37-40 [Abstract] ( 1956 ) PDF (1523 KB)  ( 634 )
41 Broad Excitation Band Alkaline-Earth Silicate Luminescent Materials Activated by Rare Earth and Its Applications
XIA Wei1,2,LEI Ming-kai1,LUO Xi-xian2,3,XIAO Zhi-guo2*
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.013
Series of novel broad excitation band phosphors M2MgSi2O7∶Eu, Dy(M=Ca, Sr) were prepared by a high temperature solid-state reaction method. The crystal structure of compound was characterized. And the effects of part substitution of alkaline-earth on crystal structure, photoluminescence spectra and luminescence properties were also investigated. It is found that the excitation band of silicate luminescent materials extend to visible region and they exhibit yellow, green and blue long afterglow luminescence after excited by ultraviolet or visible light. Ca2MgSi2O7∶Eu, Dy luminescent materials can be excited effectively under the 450-480 nm range and exhibit a strong emission at 536 nm, nicely combining with blue light emitted by InGaN chips to produce white light. This promises the silicate luminescent materials a potential yellow phosphor for white LED.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 41-46 [Abstract] ( 1459 ) PDF (1730 KB)  ( 1076 )
47 Ethanol Electrooxidation on Carbon Supported PtSn Catalyst: In Situ TRFTIR Study
WANG Qi1,SUN Gong-quan1*,JIANG Lu-hua1,ZHU Ming-yuan1,WANG Guo-xiong1,XIN Qin1,SUN Shi-gang2, CHEN Qing-song2,JIANG Yan-xia2,CHEN Sheng-pei2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.014
Carbon supported PtSn catalyst (PtSn/C) was prepared by a modified polyol method and characterized by means of XRD. It was showed that the metal particle size was 2.2 nm and the unit cell parameter increased compared with Pt/C. In situ time-resolved Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (TRFTIRS) was used to study the electrooxidation of ethanol on PtSn/C catalyst. COL was the main poison species adsorbed on the active sites to inhibit the further reaction of ethanol electrooxidation. Acetaldehyde and acetic acid were found to be the products of ethanol electrooxidation as competing reactions with ethanol dissociation when the potential was up to 0.3 V, which reduced the poisoning effect. The selectivity of acetic acid among the products was improved with the increase in the potential and reaction time. CO2,which appeared at 0.4 V, was the final product and yielded from the oxidation of COL. The catalytic mechanism of PtSn/C towards ethanol electrooxidation was analyzed based on the results.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 47-50 [Abstract] ( 1616 ) PDF (1550 KB)  ( 865 )
51 FTIR Spectroscopic Study on Carcinoma Cells
DU Jun-kai1,SHI Jing-sen1,XU Yi-zhuang2,ZHANG Yuan-fu2,SUN Xue-jun1,WANG Jian-sheng1,WENG Shi-fu2, WU Jin-guang2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.015
The aim of this research is to establish the cell basis for the carcinoma tissue diagnosis by exploring a method to obtain the FTIR (Fourier transform infrared) spectra of the cultured carcinoma cells with FTIR spectroscopy and investigating the special spectral features of the carcinoma cells compared with the carcinoma tissues. In the present paper, the gastric carcinoma tissues confirmed by histology were measured using a Nicolet Magna750-Ⅱ FTIR spectrometer and the corresponding FTIR spectra were obtained. The cultured gastric carcinoma cells (SGC7901) were centrifuged to provide a small pellet of cells for FTIR analysis. The cell pellet was then placed on a specially designed salt plate made of BaF2. Then the infrared spectra were recorded by the same equipment. Based on the previously established criteria, a comparative study was subsequently carried out between the spectra of the cultured carcinoma cells (SGC7901) and that of the corresponding gastric tissues. Several infrared spectral features of the carcinoma cells were obtained：the different bands between cells and tissues locate in the range of 3 000-3 600 cm-1 and 1 640 cm-1 which are the range of the hydroxy stretching and blending bands of H2O. There are more H2O out of carcinoma cells in carcinoma tissues，so the strong bands of H2O cover the distinctive bands of carcinoma cells in carcinoma tissues. Although the carcinoma tissue is more complicated, which might originate from the intrinsic complexity of the tissue, the results suggest that the spectral features of the carcinoma cells can be well reflected by that of the carcinoma tissue. This study shows that the diagnosis of carcinoma tissue by FTIR method exhibits sufficient cell basis.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 51-54 [Abstract] ( 1912 ) PDF (1271 KB)  ( 638 )
55 Study on the Identification of Some Species of Herba Epimedii with FTIR
PEI Li-kuan1,GUO Bao-lin1,SUN Su-qin2*, HUANG Wen-hua1
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.016
Herba Epimedii, the dried aerial parts of Epimedium brevicornum Maxim., E.sagittatum Maxim., E.pubescens Maxim., E. wushanense T.S. Ying., and E. koreanum Nakai, has been widely used in the field of nourishing the kidney and reinforcing ‘Yang’ for centuries. The descriptions of external appearance of Herba Epimedii are rather simple, so it is difficult to identify the raw materials of Herba Epimedii only with the traditional methods. In the present paper, the methods of FTIR and the second derivative IR spectra were used for the identification of Herba Epimedii, by which, E. brevicornum Maxim. could be identified from E.koreanum Nakai,and so E.sagittatum (Sieb. et Zucc.) Maxim.from E.acuminatum Franch., as well as E.pubescens Maxim.from E.stellulatum Stearn，E.baojingensis Q.L.Chen et B.M.Yang，E.zhushanense K.F.Wu & S.X.Qian and E. myrianthum Stearn. According to the features of the IR spectra of each species, a method based on FTIR for the identification of Herba Epimedii was established, and it conduced to solve the confusion of species of Herba Epimedii.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 55-60 [Abstract] ( 2476 ) PDF (2685 KB)  ( 847 )
61 FTIR Study on the Hydrocarbon-Generation Mode of Jurassic Coals from Turpan-Hami Basin, Xinjiang
ZHANG Rui, SUN Xu-guang
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.017
High temperature simulation experiment by quartz cuvette technique and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used for the study of the chemical structures of kerogen from the Early Jurassic coal in the J1b coal bed in Kekeya, Turpan-Hami Basin, Xinjiang at different temperatures. Combining the microscopic statistical results of macerals with the change of IR peaks and corresponding IR parameters with increasing simulation temperature, the hydrocarbon-generation characteristic and mode of the algae coal from Kekeya were estimated. The results indicate that the coals in question are a satisfactory kind of source rock for oil and gas, since their main component is desmocollinite and also contains some algae and many small sporogonium. As the temperature becomes higher and higher, the offshoots of the aromatic structure keep falling off. The heteroatomic compounds and aliphatic structure which have lower activation energy are gradually separated out, inducing that the hydrocarbon-generation potential of kerogen decreas. This process begins at 200 ℃ or so, bulges at 350 ℃, and nearly comes to an end at 500 ℃. What’s more, kerogen tends to be graphitized after 500 ℃-cores of aromatic structure aggregate and arrange more and more serriedly; this reaction looks quite obvious when it’s heated to 600 ℃.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 61-66 [Abstract] ( 2136 ) PDF (1355 KB)  ( 590 )
67 An FTIR and XPS Study of Immobilization of Chromium with Fly Ash Based Geopolymers
LIU Si-feng1,WANG Pei-ming1,LI Zong-jin2,Irene M.-C. Lo2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.010
Immobilization of Cr3+ with fly ash geopolymers was investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic (XPS) techniques. The chromium sludge, as Cr(OH)3,was prepared with chemical precipitation method. The amounts of aluminum and silicon leached before and after the chromium sludge addition were measured using ICP-AES. The results suggested that the amounts of silicon and aluminum leached were reduced for the fly ash geopolymers after chromium sludge was incorporated. The decrease of silicon leaching was more pronounced than aluminum. FTIR results showed that the intensity of the main peak shifted into lower and the wave number of Si—O—Si and Al—O—Si became higher. The XPS results indicated that the O(1s) bind energy decreased, Si(2p) and Cr(2p) bind energy increased, while Al(2p) bind energy remained unchanged due to Cr3+ addition. It was also confirmed that the chromium is easily incorporated into the fly ash geopolymers paste, and polymerized with silicate units. The immobilization of Cr3+ using fly ash geopolymers is attributed not only to physical encapsulation, but also to chemical reaction.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 67-71 [Abstract] ( 2642 ) PDF (1880 KB)  ( 773 )
72 Identification of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae from Different Years Using FTIR
ZHOU Xin1,2,SUN Su-qin1*,HUANG Qing-hua2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.012
The Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae from different years were analyzed and identified by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and method of relative coefficience compare in this paper. The evidence indicated that the main constituent of the alcoholic extract of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae was hesperidin，the FTIR spectra of the alcoholic extract of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae ranged among 2 851, 1 716 and 1 516 cm-1,and the peak had the obvious tendency to increase while the times prolonged, moreover its second derivative spectra also made corresponding changes among 1 734, 1 517 and 1 276 cm-1. Compared to the alcoholic extract of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae in 1 year，their relative coefficience decreased gradually when the years increased. According to the fingerprint character of the alcoholic extract of Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae, it meant that accomplished with the time extended, the hesperidin was increasing, meanwhile, some organic acid and ester were increasing too. Above all, it was proved that FTIR was a fast and simple method to identify the Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae in different years.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 72-74 [Abstract] ( 1233 ) PDF (1501 KB)  ( 874 )
75 FTIR and Thermal Analysis Studies of the Effects of Additives on Thermal Decomposition of AP/Al
SUN Yun-lan,LI Shu-fen*
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.019
The mechanisms for AP of the main compositions of composite propellants with additives such as ammonium oxalate (AO), strontium carbonate (SC) and AO/SC were studied by FTIR and DSC. The analysis of FTIR shows that AO leads to a delay in the temperature for the disappearance of absorption peaks of AP. SC reacts with HClO4 from AP decomposition and produces more stabilized Sr(ClO4)2 in the condensed phase. FTIR proves the production of Sr(ClO4)2. The analysis of DSC shows that the temperature for high decomposition exothermic peak of AP with AO is increased, but there is no effect on the temperature for low decomposition exothermic peak of AP. Both the temperature for the low and high decomposition exothermic peaks of AP are increased by the addition of SC. Although the temperature for decomposition exothermic peak of AP is increased with the addition of AO/SC, the experimental result shows that SC and AO didn’t produce synergetic effects for the high temperature decomposition of AP at low pressure. Based on the above experimental results, the mechanisms of inhibiting the decomposition of AP for AO and SC are discussed.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 75-79 [Abstract] ( 2627 ) PDF (1687 KB)  ( 921 )
80 Infrared Spectroscopic Study on Storage Substance Mobilization of Crop Seeds in Germination
LIU Gang1,TAN Li-ping1,DONG Qin2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.018
The traditional method to study the storage substance mobilization of seeds during the process of germination is chemical extraction, which is troublesome and time consuming. In the present paper, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was used to study the storage substance mobilization of legume and cereal seeds in germination. The spectral results show that legume seeds (soybean, pea and broad bean) exhibit similar remarkable changes in the region from 1 000 to 1 200 cm-1 in germination, which suggest that the storage carbohydrates in endosperm of legume seeds are mobilized during the process of germination. Notable changes were observed on amide bands of protein and lipid band in the spectra of germinating cereal seeds (rice, wheat and barley), indicating that storage proteins and lipids in cotyledon were utilized during the process of cereal seed germination. The results suggest that vibrational spectroscopy has the advantages of rapidress and convenience in the study of crop seeds and seed physiology.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 80-83 [Abstract] ( 354 ) PDF (1561 KB)  ( 901 )
84 Relationship between Different Milk Processing and Near Infrared Spectra
LU Chao, PI Fu-wei, LIU Yi, HAN Dong-hai*
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.020
In the present paper, the effects of different milk processing (homogenizing process, pasteurization) on the milk NIR spectra were discussed. It was found that the raw milk and processed milk show significant difference in the 1 890 nm region, which can be used not only to identify the processed milk, but also to offer the basic theory for NIRS in the quality control researches of milk. The absorbance sharply reduced when the liquid milk was treated by a homogenizer, but the absorbance increased after pasteurization. Raw milk’s absorbance shows a downtrend in the whole region of spectra with increasing pressure. The changes in fat globule’s structure finally result in absorbance decline. The commercial milk including remade milk was taken for example to discuss the mechanism of detection. The discriminate analysis calibration was developed by SIMCA method and the accuracy of detection is 98.1% for identifying the reconstituted milk in pasteurized milk between 1 800 and 2 200 nm with the pretreatment method of second derivatived and Norris 5.5.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 84-87 [Abstract] ( 2389 ) PDF (1309 KB)  ( 624 )
88 Progress in Study of Secondary Structure of Denaturized Protein by FTIR
LU Yan, ZHANG Wei-wei, WANG Gong-ke
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.021
Protein is one of the most important living matters, and researches relatedto it have interested so many scientific workers. The secondary structure of protein plays a crucial role in maintaining protein’s physiological activity. With the development of technology and the improvement of research technique, there are more and more in-depth studies on protein’s microstructure. In recent years, many research works in this field have been done with different kinds of physical and chemical methods and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(FTIR)holds an unshaken position due to its unique superiority. The present paper is a general review of the related studies all over the world. and the assignments of the major infrared absorption bands of denaturized protein are introduced, and the spectroscopic features and the analytical methods are mainly reviewed.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 88-93 [Abstract] ( 1352 ) PDF (1170 KB)  ( 941 )
94 Research on Structure of MC-Nylon 6/Aramid Composites by Spectroanalysis Method
WANG Can-yao,ZHENG Yu-ying*
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.022
The Kevlar fiber, treated with toluene-2,4-diisocyanate and caprolactam, was used to reinforce MC nylon 6. XPS showed the change in chemical components and spectra after fiber was treated. IR showed that the spectra of Kevlar fiber and MC-nylon 6 were incorporated purely when they were mixed, while the treated Kevlar fiber provided the activation in the ring-opening polymerization of caprolactam, and the amide groups of graft chains could form strong hydrogen bonds with matrix. These graft chains and hydrogen bonds would contribute to improving interfacial bonding between MC-nylon 6 and Kevlar fiber. XRD indicated that the induction of Kevlar fiber had no effect on the cryastalline style of MC-nylon 6 obviously, however, the crystals had better seasonal structure. The crystals of MC-nylon 6/Kevlar fiber composites were more perfect than that of MC-nylon 6/Kevlar untreated fiber composites with the same amount of Kevlar fiber. The increase of Kevlar fiber contributed to forming perfect α spherulite when the mass concentration of Kevlar fiber was less than 2%, however, the more the Kevlar fiber, the less the content of α spherulite when the mass concentration of Kevlar fiber was more than 2%.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 94-97 [Abstract] ( 2262 ) PDF (1630 KB)  ( 804 )
98 Novel Synthesis and Spectral Characterization of Nelfinavir
YAN Jian-hui1,YAO Guo-wei1,YANG Li-na1,HU Gao-fei1，2,YANG Xin-lin1
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.023
An efficient and environmentally friendly procedure for the one-pot synthesis of (3S,4aS,8aS)-2-((2R,3R)-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-(phenylthio)butyl)-N-tert-butyl-decahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxamide(Ⅶ), the intermediate of nelfinavir, was described, and activating ester was applied to getting nelfinavir(Ⅸ). Under the catalysis of potassium hydroxide, benzyl (R)-1-((S)-oxiran--yl)-2-(phenylthio) ethyl carbamate was obtained(Ⅳ) in methanol. Then Ⅳ and (3S,4aS,8aS)-N-tert-butyl-decahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxamide(Ⅴ) were refluxed in methanol until the reaction was finished. Potassium hydroxide(w(KOH)=40％) in water was added to remove benzyloxycarbonyl group in water bath with a yield of 89.0%. 3-acetoxy-2-methylbenzoic acid-succinimide ester(Ⅱ) reacted with Ⅶ and acetyl group was removed by dense aqueous ammonia, giving nelfinavir(Ⅸ). The vibrations of functional groups of this compound corresponding to the main infrared absorption peaks were discussed. The molecular ion and quasi molecular ion peaks were obtained via MALDI-TOF MS, and 1H NMR and 13CNMR shifts of this compound were assigned by means of DEPT(distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer spectrum), HMBC(1H detected heteronuclearmultiple bond correlation spectrum), HSQC(1H detected heteronuclear single-quantum coherence spectrum) and DQF-COSY(double-quantum filtered-correlated spectroscopy). The results provided useful information for structure characterization and quality control of nelfinavir.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 98-102 [Abstract] ( 1340 ) PDF (1385 KB)  ( 595 )
103 Synthesis and Spectral Properties of Cuboid-Shaped CdS Particles
HUANG Feng-hua
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.024
Cuboid-shaped CdS particles were synthesized with sol-gel method by using thiourea as surface modifier and characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, infrared absorption spectrum and fluorescence spectrum. The results show that the sulfur atoms in thiourea molecules coordinate with Cd2+ ions on the surface of the nanocrystals. The thiourea-modified CdS particles have a zinc blende crystal structure and good fluorescent characteristics. The cuboid-shaped CdS particles are probably assembled by hydrogen bonding between primary CdS nanocrystals surface-capped with thiourea. The result will promote the researches into molecular self-assembly of nanocrystals and help develop novel luminescence material.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 103-105 [Abstract] ( 1783 ) PDF (1272 KB)  ( 649 )
106 Comparative Studies on the Characteristics of the Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectra between Sturgeon and Shark Chondroitin Sulfates
ZHENG Jiang,GUAN Rui-zhang*,HUANG Shi-yu
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.025
The characteristics of the Fourier-transform infrared spectra of sturgeon and shark chondroitin sulfates (CHSs) were comparatively studied. The results show that sturgeon CHS exhibits special vibrations at the wavenumbers of 1 376, 1 344, 1 310, 1 157, 883 and 856 cm-1. Further analysis shows that shark CHS contains 6-sulfated-CHS, while sturgeon CHS contains 4, 6-disulfated CHS, indicating that sturgeon CHS could have higher biological activities in decreasing the toxicity of medicine and in killing cancer cells. In general, the two kinds of CHSs have similar infrared spectra and groups of acylamino, carboxyl, sulfate, and saccharide ring. But the N—H variable-angle vibration of acylamino group of sturgeon CHS occurs at the higher wavenumber, and the vibration intensity of carboxyl group at 1 415 cm-1 is also stronger than that of shark CHS. Chemical analysis shows that sturgeon CHS has a higher content of glucuronic acid, suggesting that it probably could be a better kind of medical materials for the bone mineralization.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 106-109 [Abstract] ( 1691 ) PDF (1177 KB)  ( 841 )
110 Progress in Labeled Immunoassay Based on SERS
GE Ming1,CUI Yan2,GU Ren-ao1*
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.026
Labeled immunoassay utilizing surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) is a new-style research technology. The discovery and confirmation of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy have made Raman spectroscopy a powerful tool in many research fields. SERS has the advantages such as high sensibility and selectivity, also it is suitable for the study of liquid substance. In recent years, it has shown potential application future in biomedical field, and also developed fast in labeled immunoassay. The principle, specialty, problem and recent advances of labeled immunoassay based on SERS were reviewed in terms of detection limits, non-specific adsorption and multi-analyte immunoassay. The latest advancement in the improvement of detection limits was summarized, along with the introduction of some work in our lab, as well as expatiating on the effect of non-specific adsorption. Finally, the development trends and application perspectives were discussed.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 110-116 [Abstract] ( 1230 ) PDF (2073 KB)  ( 600 )
117 AgBr Colloids Prepared by Electrolysis and Their SERS Activity Research
SI Min-zhen1,FANG Yan2,DONG Gang1,ZHANG Peng-xiang3
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.027
Ivory-white AgBr colloids were prepared by means of electrolysis. Two silver rods 1.0 cm in diameter and 10.0 cm long were respectively used as the negative and positive electrodes，the aqueous solution of hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide was used as the electrolyte, and a 7 V direct current was applied on the silver rods for three hours. The obtained AgBr colloids were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and SERS using a 514.5 nm laser line on Renishaw 2000 Raman spectrometer. These particles are about nanometer size and their shapes are as spherical or elliptic, with a slight degree of particle aggregation. The UV-Vis spectra exhibit a large plasmon resonance band at about 292.5 nm, similar to that reported in the literature. The AgBr colloids were very stable at room temperature for months. In order to test if these AgBr colloids can be used for SERS research, methyl orange, Sudan red and pyridine were used. It was found that AgBr colloids have SERS activity to these three molicules. For methyl orange, the intense Raman peaks are at 1 123, 1 146, 1 392, 1 448 and 1 594 cm-1；for Sudan red, the intense Raman peaks are at 1 141, 1 179, 1 433 and 1 590 cm-1；and for pyridine, the intense Raman peaks are at 1 003, 1 034 and 1 121 cm-1. It is noticeable that SERS of methyl orange was observed on AgBr colloids, but not on the gray and yellow silver colloids prepared by traditional means. The possible reason was explained. One major advantage of this means is the absence of the spectral interference such as citrate, BH-4 arising from reaction products of the colloids formation process. On AgBr colloids, one can get some molecular SERS impossible to get on the gray and yellow silver colloids.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 117-120 [Abstract] ( 1939 ) PDF (1306 KB)  ( 973 )
121 Vibrational Spectra of Scheelite and Its Color Genesis
LIU Yan1,2,DENG Jun1,2,XING Yan-yan1,2,JIANG Shao-qing1,2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.028
In order to study the spectral characteristics and color-genetic mechanism of the scheelite with orange color found in scheelite-tin-beryl (W-Sn-Be) deposits in Xuebaoding, four groups of scheelite were investigated by means of EMPA, IR, LRM and XRD. The scheelite samples were tested by XRD and IR in order to reveal if there are other minerals intermingled with scheelite. Meanwhile, the structure, the structure water and the crystal water were studied through infrared spectra. The absorption bands and peaks of infrared and Raman spectra were assigned. Finally, it seems that there is no distinct color difference between scheelite from Xue baoding and those from other places. So, it is conceived that the color causing may correlate with the minor crystal structure, trace element or REE in the crystal.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 121-124 [Abstract] ( 1340 ) PDF (1289 KB)  ( 830 )
125 Spectroscopic Characterization of Binding between Human Serum Albumin and 3,3’,4’,7-Tetradroxyflavone
SU Zhong1,2,XIE Meng-xia2*,LI Jian-dong1*,WANG Ying-dian2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.029
The binding mechanism of human serum albumin with 3,3’, 4’,7-tetradroxyflavone (FIS) was characterized by fluorescence and UV absorption spectra. The intrinsic fluorescence of HSA was significantly quenched by FIS in the physiological condition (pH 7.4), and the quenching mechanism is mainly static quenching process in the drug to protein molar ratio ranging from 0.1 to 10. The results revealed that the drug and protein formed 1∶1 complex with the binding constants of (1.05±0.18)×105 L·mol-1. The dissociation behaviors of FIS in different pH conditions were investigated by UV absorption spectra, and it was found that FIS existed in the mixtures of ionic and neutral species. The UV absorption band Ⅰ of FIS has a significant red shift (above 40 nm) after combination with HSA, demonstrating that FIS was bound to protein in ionic species which was driven by electrostatic force. The second derivative spectra of FIS showed that the combination included specific and non-specific forms. The intrinsic fluorescence of FIS was conspicuously enhanced in the presence of HSA due to the excited-state proton transfer (ESPT) and this further confirmed the complex formation of HSA with FIS.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 125-129 [Abstract] ( 606 ) PDF (1736 KB)  ( 706 )
130 Relation between Complexes Iotramolecular Transfer and Structure of [M(SS)(NN)](M=Zn2+, Cd2+)
PAN Qing-cai1,ZHAO Yong-he1,SHEN Hong-qi1,YAN Feng-mei1,LI Wei1, PENG Zheng-he2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.030
The title complexes of [M(SS)(NN)](M=Zn2+, Cd2+; SS=1,2-dicyano 1,2-ethylene -dithiolate or maleonitriledithiolate; NN=5-nitro-1,10 phenanthroline) were synthesized. The electronic absorption spectra of complexes [M(SS)(NN)] in DMSO, DMF, acetone and Py were reported. The spectra absorption bands 270-280 nm, 320-350 nm and 350-390 nm are the intraligand πb→π* transfer of ligand mnt2- and 5-NO2-phen. The spectra absorption band 400-500 nm is intramolecular charge transfer (LL′CT) from a ligand (mnt2-) to another ligand (5-NO2- phen) The relation between electronic spectra absorption band and correlative transition in the molecular orbital energy level diagram of the complexes was investigated. The LL′CT band of the title complexes is weaker by comparison with M(SS)(NN)(M=Co2+,Fe2+,Ni2+ and Cu2+). The LL′CT band of [M(SS)(NN)](M=Zn2+, Cd2+) (7b2 to 7b1) is symmetry forbidden.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 130-133 [Abstract] ( 2543 ) PDF (1375 KB)  ( 639 )
134 Study on the Mechanism of Color Changes of Azur A and Sodium Dodecyl Sulphate before Micelle Formation
CAO Wen-gen1,2,JIAO Qing-cai2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.031
The mechanism of color changes of sodium dodecyl sulphate(SDS) and Azur A(AA) before micelle formation was studied by spectral probe. The changes in the absorption spectra of SDS-AA and chondroitin sulfate(CS)-AA complexes were compared. The influence of ethanol and NaCl on the absorption spectra of SDS-AA complex was investigated. It was found that SDS-AA system showed color changes from blue to amaranth to blue due to the difference in the spatial orientation aggregative degree of AA binding on SDS regular aggregate. The critical concentration of premicelle formation (CPC) was found to be 1.0×10-4 mol·L-1 by the relation between cSDS and ΔA498/ΔcSDS.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 134-137 [Abstract] ( 363 ) PDF (1520 KB)  ( 745 )
138 Measurement and Analysis of Absorption Spectrum of Human Blood
ZHAO Zhi-min,XIN Yu-jun, WANG Le-xin, ZHU Wei-hua,ZHENG Min,GUO Xin
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.032
The present paper puts forward a method of disease diagnosis by using the technology of spectrum analysis of human blood serum. The generation mechanism of absorption spectrum is explained and the absorption spectra of the normal blood serum and the sick blood serum are listed from the experiments of absorption spectrometry. Though the value of absorbency of the sick blood serum is almost equal to that of the normal blood serum in the most absorption spectra, there are some differences around 278 nm in the absorption spectrum. The absorbency of the blood serum with hyperglycemia is greater than that of the normal blood serum at 285 nm in the spectrum, and besides, there comes a peak shift of absorption with hyperglycemia. In the absorption spectrum of the blood serum with hypercholesterolemia，there is a clear absorption peak at 414 nm. However there is not any peak at that wavelength in the absorption spectrum of the normal blood serum. Through comparing the characters of the spectrum, we can judge if the blood sample is or not, and this blood analysis is a new method for the diagnosis of disease. Compared with other methods of blood measurements, the method of absorption spectrum analysis of blood serum presented in this paper, is more convenient for measurement, simpler for analysis, and easier to popularize.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 138-140 [Abstract] ( 1246 ) PDF (1089 KB)  ( 768 )
141 Determination of Chlorophyll a and b Using Absorption Spectrum
DONG Jin-yi1,CHENG Xiao-fang1,FU Tai-ran2,DING Jin-lei1,FAN Xue-liang1
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.033
Chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b play a significant role in the plant growth process. Precise determination of its content could provide the scientific basis for the corps growth state, the plant pathology diagnosis and so on, and is the key point of implementing accurate agriculture. The authors transfered the absorption spectrum experiment data of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b determined by predecessor into a transmission spectrum. Observing the transmission spectrum using human eyes, the color of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b was obtained. Thus, according to the predecessor’s experiment curve of absorption spectrum of chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b, combining the three primary color principles of colorimetry, and choosing a standard light source with spectrum power distribution similar to D65 as the illumination, the authors determined their chromaticity coordinates in the 1931CIE-x, y chromaticity diagram: Chlorophyll a is (0.198 1, 0.334 1), which falls in the cyan color region; Chlorophyll b is (0.270 4, 0.566 3), which falls in the yellowish green region. The main point of above processing is: reducing the spectrum curves of chlorophyll a and the chlorophyll b to coordinates on the chromaticity diagram, and the result could offer the essential theoretical support for a new non-contact, long-distance and non-damage technology to determine the pigment content in single leaf or mass.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 141-144 [Abstract] ( 2934 ) PDF (1313 KB)  ( 1030 )
145 Optical Limiting Cycling Performance and Photostability of Vanadyl Phthalocyanines and Naphthalocyanines
FENG Miao,ZHEN Xiao,ZHENG Chan,HUANG Juan,ZHAN Hong-bing*
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.034
Optical limiting (OL) cycling performance and photostability of vanadyl phthalocyanines (VOPcs) and naphthalocyanines (VONcs) were studied. The results show that although vanadyl 2,11,20,29-tetra-tert-butyl-2,3-naphthalocyanine has the most pronounced OL effect originally, it is not a promising OL material due to its poor photostability. Meanwhile, vanadyl 2,9,16,23-etraphenoxy-29H, 31H-phthalocyanine is considered to be a potential OL material, owing to its considerable OL effect and good photostability. A possible photochemical mechanism behind the reverse saturable absorption (RSA) and photolysis process of the studied species is proposed.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 145-147 [Abstract] ( 314 ) PDF (1430 KB)  ( 585 )
148 Study on Temperature Measurement and Control for Microfluidic Systems
DAI Jing1,FAN Xiao-feng2,FANG Jin3,XU Zhang-run2＊
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.035
A technique for temperature control and measurement in microfluidic systems was developed. The technique is easy to be implemented in an analytical lab and the experimental setup is relatively simple and inexpensive. The parts for temperature measurement include a CCD camera, a fluorescence microscope and an image acquisition card. The spatial distribution and the temporal variation of temperature in microfluids were measured. The method is non-invasive and the spatial and temporal resolutions were 0.8 μm and 40 ms, respectively a thermal control device was built using indium-tin-oxide (ITO) coated glass as heater, taking advantage of its transparent quality. The temperature could be controlled with a precision of ±0.1 ℃. The image processing procedure was optimized and the efficacy of the method was demonstrated.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 148-152 [Abstract] ( 1221 ) PDF (1691 KB)  ( 637 )
153 Study on Mechanism of Lanthanide Sensitized Fluorescence Energy Transfer between Terbium(Ⅲ)-Ciprofloxacin and Rhodamine B
LIU Bao-sheng1, WANG Yun-ke1,ZHANG Yan-qing1,FU Li2,Lü Yun-kai1
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.036
A complex composed of ciprofloxacin and terbium (Tb3+) in the solution of acetic acid-sodium acetate buffer (pH 6.2) was studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and ultra-violet absorption spectroscopy. The emission peak of Tb3+ appeared at 490, 545, 590 nm, (the sensitized fluorescence was enforced mightily)and the intensity of 545 nm emission peak was increased obviously. In its acute emission spectrum, the strongest emission peak of Tb3+ was at 545 nm, which was close to the wavelength of the biggest absorption peak of RB, 552 nm. Therefore, as the basic dye rhodamine B(RB) was added, the fluorescence intensity of 545 nm emission peak decreased regularly, indicating that there was a great quenching process. The result showed that the course was statistic. Based on the mechanism of the Frster energy transfer, the efficiency of energy transfer and the distance between the acceptor RB and the complex were found. Thereby, it was indicated that the course of action was single static quenching and the mechanism of quenching was based on energy transfer.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 153-155 [Abstract] ( 1980 ) PDF (1117 KB)  ( 1011 )
156 Fluorescence Polarization Used to Investigate the Cell Membrane Fluidity of Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Treated by Pulsed Electric Field
ZHANG Ying,ZENG Xin-an*,WEN Qi-biao,LI Lin
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.037
To know the lethal mechanism of microorganisms under pulsed electric field treatment, the relationship between the inactivation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (CICC1308) cell and the permeability and fluidity changes of its cell membrane treated by pulsed electric field (0-25 kV·cm-1,0-266 ms) was investigated. With 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) used as a probe, the cell membrane fluidity of Saccharomyces cerevisiae treated by pulsed electric field was expressed by fluorescence polarization. Results showed that the cell membrane fluidity decreases when the electric flied strength is up to 5 kV·cm-1,and decreases with the increase in electric field strength and treatment time. The plate counting method and ultraviolet spectrophotometer were used to determine the cell viability and to investigate the cell membrane permeability, respectively, treated by pulsed electric field. Results showed that the lethal ratio and the content of protein and nucleic acid leaked from intracellular plasma increased with the increase in the electric field strength and the extension of treatment time. Even in a quite lower electric field of 5 kV·cm-1 with a tiny microorganism lethal level, the increase in UV absorption value and the decrease in fluidity were significant. It was demonstrated that the cell membrane fluidity decreases with the increase in lethal ratio and cell membrane permeability. The viscosity of cell membrane increases with the decrease in fluidity. These phenomena indicated that cell membrane is one of the most key sites during the pulsed electric field treatment, and the increased membrane permeability and the decreased cell membrane fluidity contribute to the cell death.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 156-160 [Abstract] ( 1918 ) PDF (1612 KB)  ( 895 )
161 Study on the Interaction of Serum Albumin and Micromolecule Compounds by Modified Fluorescence Spectra
HUANG Rui1,2,XIA Zhi-ning1*,GONG Ping3
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.039
The fluorescence spectroscopy is widely used in the analysis of the interaction between serum albumin (SA) and micromolecule compound, in which SA is measured as the fluorescence source to provide interaction information. A modified method has been compared with the classical method in the present paper, where the micromolecule compounds were used as the interested analytes whose fluorescence spectra were measured. The binding constants obtained based on the classical and modified methods were found much different by studying the two systems, BSA-TX and BSA-SH. The result shows that the classical method has the drawback of taking the fluorescence source of tryptophan instead of all other amino acids groups in SA molecule. Two novel methods were then reported, namely the modified fluorescence spectrometry method and fluorescence background subtracting method. The former could reflect the whole information of the interaction system, while the latter effectively overcame the overlay of spectra in the system, where the fluorescence spectra of the two components interfere with each other terribly. The effectivity of the two novel methods has been proved by ultra-violet spectrometry.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 161-164 [Abstract] ( 1843 ) PDF (1512 KB)  ( 1017 )
165 Study on Application of Multi-Wavelength LED Array Induced Fluorescence Spectrum in Multicomponent Analysis
SIMA Wei-chang1,ZHANG Yu-jun1*,WANG Zhi-gang2, LI Hong-bin1, ZHAO Nan-jing1, LU Zhi-xian1, LIU Wen-qing1
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.040
The technique of fluorescence spectrum is one of the efficient methods for monitoring and identifying dissolved organic matter, oil pollutants and biomass of phytoplankton in water. A new kind of fluorescence spectrum system with a multi-wavelength LED array as the exciting light source is introduced. The principle of the system and the method for multi-component analysis are discussed. The excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectra of samples mixed with different concentration fluorescent dyes were measured with this system in the authors’ laboratory, which were analyzed using parallel factor (PARAFAC) algorithm. The results indicate that the correlation coefficient of the resolved concentration and actual ones is up to 98%, which shows the potential application of the fluorescence spectrum system in multi-component analysis.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 165-168 [Abstract] ( 1437 ) PDF (1525 KB)  ( 935 )
169 Fluorescence Spectra and Quantum Yield of TiO2 Nanocrystals Synthesized by Alcohothermal Method
SONG Cui-hong1,LI Yan-ting2,LI Jing1,WEI Yong-ju1,HU Yu-zhu2,WEI Yu1*
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.041
Fluorescence spectra and fluorescence quantum yield of TiO2 nanocrystals were studied. Using tetra n-butyl titanate as a starting material, a facile alcohothermal technique was used to synthesize TiO2 nanocrystals. As can be seen from the transmittance electron microscopy (TEM) image, TiO2 nanocrystals with a relatively uniform particle size distribution of <10 nm are present in the transparent sol. The transparent sol presents a strong stable fluorescence emission with a maximum at 450 nm, which is greatly dependent on the size quantization effects，defect energy level and the surface state of TiO2 nanocrystals. The quantum yield (γ) of TiO2 was determined by the relative comparison procedure, using freshly prepared analytical purity quinine sulfate in 0.05 mol·L-1 H2SO4 as a relative quantum yield standard. The emission quantum yield of TiO2 nanocrystals prepared in alcoholic media was calculated to be about 0.20 at wavelengths ranging from 330 to 370 nm, which was much higher than the values reported in previous works. So, it is supposed that nano-TiO2 will be applied as a potential quantum dots fluorescence probe in biological analysis.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 169-173 [Abstract] ( 1331 ) PDF (1695 KB)  ( 830 )
174 Three-Dimensional Excitation Emission Matrix Fluorescence Spectroscopic Characterization of Dissolved Organic Matter in Water of Coal-Mining Area
YANG Ce1,ZHONG Ning-ning1,SHI Yu-lei1,WANG Fei-yu1,CHEN Dang-yi2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.042
Three-dimensional excitation emission matrix was applied to characterize the fluorescence properties of dissolved organic matter in various waters of Shilong coal-mining area. Fluorescence peakⅠ (fulvic-like) and peak Ⅱ (humic-like) were strong, while peak Ⅳ and peak Ⅴ (protein-like) were weak or even undetected in some samples. Fluorescence peaks in various waters and different zones showed great difference in intensities and the fluorescence peaks in underground water tended to be much lower than those of surface waters. Furthermore, the fluorescence peaks of rivers and lakes were higher than those of mine drainage, and also the fluorescence peaks in coking zone and coal mining zone were higher than those in sewage-irrigated zone, or even much higher than those in farming zone. The reason may be that coal mining activities and coal industry can bring plenty of organic matter from coal to surroundings. Meanwhile, surface water would accept mine drainage, waste water of coal-washing and sewage from daily life easier than underground water, so surface water can be polluted seriously. Fluorescence peaks in waters from coal mining area are little influenced by pH of the water but can be influenced by the content of Ca2+ to water in some extent.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 174-177 [Abstract] ( 2048 ) PDF (1521 KB)  ( 659 )
178 Study of 1-Butanol Absorption and Fluorescence Spectra Induced by UV-Light
XU Hui1,ZHU Tuo2*,SHI Ai-min1,GU En-dong1
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.038
The absorption and fluorescence spectra of 1-butanol solution induced by UV-light and its characteristics were studied experimentally and theoretically. The authors found that 1-butanol solution shows a good absorption in 190-250 nm, and fluorescence was detected when excited by 210-250 nm. Fluorescence spectra of the mixed solution with 1-butanol and n-hexane were measured, and the fluorescence intensity shows a linear relationship with the volume ratio of the former. For the mixed solution of 1-butanol and alcohol, the authors found that at different wavelength，as the matching of 1-butanol and alcohol solution changes, the law for the intensity of fluorescence also changes. Meanwhile, the mathematical formula for the fluorescence position of the mixed solution was listed, and the error between calculation and experiment has been proved to be small. This may provide some reference for the further research of fluorescence spectrum of alcohol resolutions.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 178-182 [Abstract] ( 1877 ) PDF (2066 KB)  ( 1269 )
183 Enhancing Effect of Ethanol Additive on the Plasma Emission in ICP Source
CHEN Jin-zhong, ZHOU Yong-li, GUO Qing-lin, HUAI Su-fang, WEI Yan-hong
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.043
In the present paper, the effects of the ethanol-water solution temperature(20, 40, and 60 ℃) on the emission intensity of ICP source, plasma parameters(excitation temperature and electron density), physical properties(surface tension and viscosity) of sample solution, and nebulization(uptake rate, effective uptake rate and nebulization efficiency) were studied by using optical-to-electrical detection method. The experimental results showed that the velocity of the sample entering the plasma increased, so that the line intensity of the elements Zn, Fe, Mg, Si, and Sr in water increased obviously with increasing the content of ethanol and the rise of the corresponding solution temperature. And the excitation capacity in the plasma was strengthened with the rise of the ethanol-water solution temperature. The maximal spectrum intensity of the elements Zn, Fe, Mg, Si, and Sr at 60 ℃ was higher by 55.8%, 45.4%, 48.9%, 17.7%, and 21.6% than that at 20 ℃, respectively. It’s valuable for the detection of the trace element.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 183-187 [Abstract] ( 1805 ) PDF (1852 KB)  ( 863 )
188 Application of ICP-MS to Detection of Mineral Elements and Heavy Metals in Transgenic Cotton Seeds
RUI Yu-kui, ZHANG Fu-suo*,WANG Zheng-rui
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.044
With the rapid development of transgenic cotton, people begin to focus on its physiology and ecology. The present paper studied the contents of heavy metals and microelements in transgenic cotton seeds by ICP-MS/ICP-AES. The results showed that the content of most microelements detected in transgenic cotton seeds, B, Na, Si, P, K, Ca, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn, Se and Mo was lower than that in regular cotton seeds, except Mg, Fe and Cu. And the content of most heavy metals detected in transgenic cotton seeds, Al, As, Cd, Sb, Tl, Pb and Bi, was higher than that in regular cotton seeds, except Cr and Hg. All the data showed that the accumulation of heavy metals and microelements in transgenic cotton seeds is disadvantageous to itself.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 188-190 [Abstract] ( 515 ) PDF (901 KB)  ( 673 )
191 Determination of Lead, Cadmium, Mercury, Chromium and Arsenic in Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymer Using Microwave Digestion-ICP-MS
WANG Ying-feng1,SHI Yan-zhi1*,ZHANG Hua1,CHEN Yu-hong2,John Lau2, Steven Wilbur2,LI Ping2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.045
A method was studied for the analysis of Cr, As, Cd, Hg and Pb in acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer by using ICP-MS. The instrument parameters were optimized and the introduction system was developed systematically. The sample is decomposed by microwave digestion. The digestion condition was optimized concerning digestion system, proportion of acids and digestion procedure, which affords reference for the preparation of the same kinds of polymer samples. The detection limits of the method for all sample elements were 0.7-6.5 ng·g-1,the recoveries were 89.8%-110.8%, and the RSDs were 2.8%-11.3%. The analytical method presented was characterized with good precision and accuracy, simplicity, rapidness, low limits of detection and no matrix matching requirements.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 191-194 [Abstract] ( 2281 ) PDF (1053 KB)  ( 927 )
195 Determination of Si, Al and Other in Biological Samples by ICP-AES with Fusion with LiBO2 after Dry Ashing
SUN De-zhong, HE Hong-liao, WEN Hong-li, MA Sheng-feng, GONG Ai-hua, YIN Shao-quan
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.046
An alkaline sample digestion procedure using fusion with lithium metaborate (LiBO2) after dry ashing was developed. Silicon, aluminium and other, a total of 10 elements in different kinds of biological samples, were measured by ICP-AES. The detection limit of this method was 0.15 μg·mL-1 for Si and 0.03 μg·mL-1 for Al. The accuracy and precision of the method were demonstrated by analyzing certified reference materials poplar leaves (GBW07604). The precision was less than 3% and the accuracy was -0.03% for Si and -3% for Al. This method was applied to the certification of a series of ten biological reference materials. The results were satisfied.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 195-199 [Abstract] ( 538 ) PDF (991 KB)  ( 941 )
200 Determination of Al and Ca in Soil by Laser Micro-Plasma Spectroscopy
GUO Qing-lin, ZHOU Yu-long, ZHANG Qiu-lin, JIA Long-guang, HUAI Su-fang, CHEN Jin-zhong
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.047
Laser micro-spectral analyzer, coupled with CCD spectrometer, was used to determine soil elements in argon atmosphere at reduced pressure in the authors’ experiment. The accuracy and availability of this method were studied. With Al Ⅰ 394.40 nm and Ca Ⅱ 396.85 nm as spectral analysis lines, using “the three standard samples method”, the contents of Al and Ca in soil were determined. The results show that the maximum of relative standard deviation (RSD) of quantitative analysis is 5.80%; the maximum of relative difference between the quantitative analysis result and the standard value is 7.65%, suggesting that the accuracy of determination of Al and Ca in soil meets the challenge of quantitative analysis.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 200-202 [Abstract] ( 1901 ) PDF (1339 KB)  ( 642 )
203 Comparative Study on Trace Elements in Natural Colored Cotton and White Cotton
YANG Ming1,GU Li-qin2,QIAN He-sheng1,ZHA Liu-sheng1*
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.048
A method was studied for simultaneous determination of multi-elements in natural colored cotton by microwave digestion and ICP-AES. The contents of Ca, Mg, Fe, Cu, Ba, Zn, Al, Sr, Mn and Si in colored and white cotton were determined by this method. The recovery ratio obtained by standard addition method ranged between 93% and 111%，and the relative standard deviation was below 4%(n=5). The results showed that the contents of Ca, Cu, Zn, Al, Fe, Sr and Si in green and brown cotton are higher than those in white cotton. The data from the study gives some references for further researches on the colored cotton.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 203-205 [Abstract] ( 1757 ) PDF (966 KB)  ( 694 )
206 Application of IC-HG-AFS Determination Method for Arsenic in Gold Mine Tailings
LUO Xi-ming1,ZHAO Li-qian1,XU Bu-xian2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.050
A method for the determination of species (arsenite (As(Ⅲ)), arsenate(As(Ⅴ)), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA) and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA)) in solution samples of gold mine tailings has been applied. The analytical method used was ion chromatography coupled on-line to atomic fluorescence spectroscopy through hydride generation with the mobile phase (NH4)2HPO4 (pH 6.0). The recovery with the standard solution of arsenic added into the water samples was very good (recovery 95%-109%). The arsenic species were separated completely; arsenic speciation was stable and the detection limits were very low: 1.0 μg·L-1 As(Ⅲ) and 2.3 μg·L-1 for As(Ⅴ). The method is fit for the determination of arsenic species in the solution of gold mine, gold mine tailings and the polluted water around the gold mine.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 206-208 [Abstract] ( 659 ) PDF (1060 KB)  ( 765 )
209 Indirect Study of Zinc-Cystine Complex Reaction by FAAS
LIU Wen-han1,WU Xiao-qiong1,CHEN Dan1,XIAO Shan-mei2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.051
Each state of cystine and zinc ion in aqueous solution under different pH conditions was calculated by computer, and the scatter diagram was given. Under the influence of solution pH, the mechanism of complex reaction in indirectly determining cystine by flame atomic absorption spectrometry with ZnS was studied. The soluble complex ion is composed of 0 valence cystine Cys-Cys+-,-1 valence cystine Cys-Cys+- and -2 valence cystine Cys-Cys2- with Zn(OH)2. The theoretical analysis from computing and scatter diagram dovetail very well with the data determined from the experiments. The structure of soluble zinc-cystine complex ion is, [(COO-)CH(NH+3)CH2S—SCH2CH(NH+3)COO-]Zn(OH)2, [(COO-)CH(NH+3)CH2S—SCH2CH(NH2)COO-]Zn(OH)2 and [(COO-)CH(NH2)CH2S—SCH2CH(NH2)COO-]Zn(OH)2.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 209-213 [Abstract] ( 670 ) PDF (1527 KB)  ( 664 )
214 Novel Ionic Liquid as Solvent for Preconcentration of Trace Lead in Dialysis Fluids and Its Determination by Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
SHAN Hai-xia,LI Zai-jun*
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.052
A novel room temperature ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-trimethylsilylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate was designed and synthesized, and was applied to the preconcentration of ultra trace lead in a relatively large volume of dialysis fluids (such as 1 000 mL or bigger). In the present work, dithizone was employed as chelator to form a neutral lead- dithizone complex, and the ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-trimethylsilylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate was used to displace CCl4 as solvent for liquid/liquid extraction of lead complex. The ionic liquid was collected and the lead (Ⅱ) was back-extracted into aqueous solution by adding nitric acid solution, and the above solution was directly applied to determine lead in the dialysis fluids by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. Experiments indicated that the proposed extraction system is superior over other systems in which organic solvent such as CCl4 or classical room temperature ionic liquid1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate was selected as extraction medium, and its extraction efficiency of once extraction and enrichment factor of lead was more than 99% and 200 times, respectively. The preconcentration combined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry has been applied to the determination of trace lead in dialysis fluid samples with satisfactory results.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 214-217 [Abstract] ( 1374 ) PDF (1038 KB)  ( 835 )
218 Study on Adsorption Behavior of Nanosized Barium-Strontium Titanate Powder for Lead Ion in Water Using FAAS
ZHANG Dong,SU Hui-dong,GAO Hong
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.053
Nanosized barium-stroutium titanate (BST) powder，a double salt sorbent, was prepared from BaCl2,SrCl2 and TiCl4 by using oxalate co-precipitate method, and characterized by using transmission electron microscope(TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer(FTIR). By means of determination with flame atomic absorption spectrometry(FAAS), the adsorption characteristic of lead on the BST powder was investigated. The results showed that the forms of the BST powders are clubbed, highly pure perovskite, and the average particle diameter is 36 nm. Lead can be adsorbed strongly on nanosized BST. The adsorption capacity of BST nanoparticle towards lead was found to be 13 mg·g-1 when the pH is 6.0, and 0.5 mol·L-1 HNO3 is sufficient for complete elution. A new method for the determination of trace lead based on BST nanoparticle separation/preconcentration and FAAS determination was proposed. The detection limit of this method for lead ion is 11 μg·L-1,and the relative standard deviation is 2.6%. The method has been applied to the determination of trace lead in water samples with satisfactory results.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 218-221 [Abstract] ( 1567 ) PDF (1372 KB)  ( 660 )
222 Digestion—Flame Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
XU Liang1,HU Jian-guo2,LIU Rui-ping1*,WANG Zhi-min1,Narenhua1
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.054
A microwave digestion-flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS) method was developed for the determination of metal elements Na, Zn, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ca and Mg in Mongolian patents. The instrument parameters for the determination were optimized, and the appropriate digestion solvent was selected. The recovery of the method was between 95.8% and 104.3%, and the RSD was between 1.6% and 4.2%. The accuracy and precision of the method was tested by comparing the values obtained from the determination of the standard sample, bush twigs and leaves (GSV-1) by this method with the reference values of GSV-1. The determination results were found to be basically consistent with the reference values. The microwave digestion technique was applied to process the samples, and the experimental results showed that compared to the traditional wet method, the present method has the merits of simplicity, saving agents, rapidness, and non-polluting. The method was accurate and reliable, and could be used to determine the contents of seven kinds of metal elements in mongolian patents.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 222-224 [Abstract] ( 1190 ) PDF (925 KB)  ( 756 )
225 Analysis and Study of Total Flavone and Trace Element in Carthmus Tinctorius L
DONG Shun-fu, HAN Li-qin, ZHAO Wen-xiu, DONG Hong-bo, LIU Jian-hua
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.049
The content of total flavone in carthmus tinctorius L in Xinjiang was determined by ultraviolet spectrophotometry with scan from 200 to 400 nm where the maximum absorption wavelength was 267.00 nm. The contents of ten trace elements and constant elements in carthmus tinctorius L including potassium, sodium, calcium, magnesium, iron, chromium, nickel, manganese, copper and zinc were determined by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometry. The results showed that there were comparatively rich trace elements and high total flavone, among which are comparatively high calcium, magnesium, chromium ,copper and zinc in carthmus tinctorius L. It provided useful data for discussing the relationship between the content of total flavone and the trace elements in carthmus tinctorius L, and for studing the relationship between the trace elements in carthmus tinctorius L and the cure for cardio-cerebral vascular disease.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 225-227 [Abstract] ( 1369 ) PDF (928 KB)  ( 925 )
228 Determination of Microelements in C.Tangutica (Maxim.) Korsh Flower by FAAS
WU Dong-qing1,LI Cai-xia2,AN Hong-gang1,ZHANG Chun-yan2
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.055
The powder was digested with HNO3-HClO4 mixed acid(4∶1) before determination.The eleven microelements in C.tangutica (Maxim.) korsh flower were determined by FAAS，and the determination medium was 4% nitric acid. The work conditions, accuracy and precision of the method were studied. The experimental results show that the interaction of the elements were small under the conditions of determination，and no significant effect on the result. The linear correlations of standard curves are good(r=0.9871-1.000 0). The recovery(n=7) is 98.3%-105.1%, and the RSD(n=7) is 0.23%-1.07%. It can be used to determine the trace elements simultaneously in C.tangutica (Maxim.) korsh flower. The method has good precision and accuracy, so it is able to meet the requirements for analysis. The contents of Ca, Mg, K, Cu, Fe, Zn, Mn, Na and Co were 206.30，284.50，3415.20，0.116 6，62.171，3.275，67.826 5，28.00，0.133 3 mg(100 g)-1,respectively, while Cd and Ni were not found in the samples. The results provided theoretical basis for the effect of C.tangutica (Maxim.) korsh herbal medicine.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 228-230 [Abstract] ( 2377 ) PDF (923 KB)  ( 590 )
231 Study on Applications of Heteropoly Acids (Blue) Spectrophotometry to Determination of Trace Elements
XIONG Yu-di1,LIU Xia2,FENG Chang-gen1*
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.056
Heteropoly acids can be reduced to the pigmented heteropoly blue. Therefore a reliable method for determination of trace elements can be founded by association with spectrophotometry. At present, heteropoly acids spectrophotometry has made great progress in trace analytical field for its high accuracy, simple instruments and rapidity in detection. In the present paper, the application and research progress of heteropoly acids in the determination of trace elements (P, As, Si and V) are reviewed. The methods include the molybdenum blue method, the heteropoly-basic dye approach, fluorophotometry, the flow injection analysis, atomic absorption spectrophotometry, laser thermal spectrophotometry, etc. Finally, analysis and comparison of these methods are studied.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 231-234 [Abstract] ( 1879 ) PDF (972 KB)  ( 759 )
235 Redshift Estimation of Galaxy Spectra Based on Similarity Measure
LIU Rong1,QIAO Xue-jun2,DUAN Fu-qing3*
DOI: 10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593.2008.01.057
Automated spectra analysis is desirable and necessary for efficiency of large sky surveys such as SDSS (Sloan digital sky survey),2DF (2 degree fields) and LAMOST (large sky area multi-object spectroscopic telescope). In the present paper, we present a method for redshift estimation of galaxy spectra based on similarity measure. Firstly, we extract the spectral lines of the observed spectrum using the feature constrains of spectral lines; secondly, the authors determine the redshift candidates of the observed spectrum by spectral line features; then, the similarity between the observed spectrum and the template spectra shifted by each redshift candidate is measured; finally, the candidate of the highest similarity is chosen as the estimated redshift. PCA (principal component analysis) is used to build the static galaxy template spectra. The authors perform PCA for the four template spectra E, S0, Sa and Sb of the normal galaxy and the seven template spectra Sc, Sb1, Sb2, Sb3, Sb4, Sb5 and Sb6 of the starburst galaxy respectively, where the eleven template spectra are presented by Kinney & Calzetti et al. Two eigen-spectra are produced with the variance contribution rate of 99%. The authors choose the two eigen-spectra as the galaxy templates. The similarity measure proposed, which is similar to the evidence accumulation, is defined as the weighted sum of several similarity evidences. It can reduce the influence caused by some error matching. The authors divide the observed spectrum and the template spectrum respectively into several parts, and measure the correlations of the corresponding parts of them, which is chosen as the similarity evidences in the proposed similarity measure. The principle of setting the weights is that the higher the correlation, the higher the corresponding weight. The proposed approach is compared with the method based on spectral line matching and the traditional cross correlation technique by experiments, the results show that the proposed method has a higher correct rate.
2008 Vol. 28 (01): 235-238 [Abstract] ( 1322 ) PDF (1328 KB)  ( 532 )

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