唐代苏同家族墓天王俑彩绘的光谱分析

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2023)01-0175-08

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Abstract Warrior Figurines is an important God and ghost Figurine in the tomb of the Tang Dynasty. It is the tomb of dignitaries and dignitaries in the Central Plains. In order to explore the color elements and color painting technology of the color painting pigments of the terracotta warriors，X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy is used to analyze the elemental composition of the painted area of the king terracotta figures unearthed from the pits KTJ-2019-M₂ and KTJ-2019-M₃ of the Sutong family tomb in Weicheng District, Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province. The results show that the gold patch on the surface of the terracotta figures is mainly gold foil (Au); the constituent elements of red pigment are Hg, S and a small amount of Pb and P; The constituent elements of blue pigment and green pigment are Cu, and the constituent elements of white pigment are P, S and Pb. Raman spectroscopy was used to identify the phase of color painting pigment layer. The identification results showed that the phase of red pigment was the mixed pigment of cinnabar (HgS) and Pb₃O₄; The phase of blue pigment is Azurite; The phase of green pigment is Malachite green; White pigments may be Cerussite. Further, XRF surface scanning technology was used to analyze the color painting process of the heavenly king figurines, and the element positions in the gold, red, blue and green areas were analyzed. It was found that the color painting of M₂-1，M₃-1，M₃-2，M₃-3，M₃-4 in the ceramic block samples used a single-layer process. The M₂-2 sample color is based on Cerussite and then applied with a layer of cinnabar and minimum mixed pigment, that is, the double-layer color painting process is used. By comparing the test results of the color painting layer of the king terracotta figures of the Sutong Family Tomb of the Tang Dynasty with the color painting cultural relics unearthed in various regions of the Tang Dynasty, it is found that the color painting pigments used in the Sutong Family Tomb of the Tang Dynasty are consistent with the color painting of the color painting cultural relics unearthed in different regions of the same period. The element distribution characteristics of the pigment layer can be obtained intuitively using the surface scanning technology of the X-ray fluorescence spectrum, which can provide reliable scientific support and useful reference for the protection and restoration of the terracotta warriors.

Key words：Warrior figurines; Tang dynasty; XRF mapping; Raman spectroscopy; Color generation

Received: 2021-11-17 Accepted: 2022-03-28

ZTFLH:

K786.3

Corresponding Authors: WANG Tian E-mail: wangtian@sust.edu.cn

Cite this article:

LIANG Jia-xiang,WANG Tian,ZHANG Ya-xu, et al. Study of the Painted Warrior Figurines Excavated in the Tomb of the Sutong Family (Tang Dynasty) by Spectroscopic Techniques[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(01): 175-182.

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https://www.gpxygpfx.com/EN/10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2023)01-0175-08 OR https://www.gpxygpfx.com/EN/Y2023/V43/I01/175

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