| 光谱学与光谱分析 |
|
|
|
|
|
| Determination of Lead in Microemulsified Rapeseed Oil and Bio-Diesel Oil by GFAAS |
| LI Sheng-qing1,HE Xiao-min1,DU Ping1,WANG Min2,CHEN Hao1*,WU Mou-cheng3 |
1. College of Basic Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
2. College of Fishery, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
3. College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China |
|
|
|
|
Abstract Bio-diesel oil has attracted much attention as a substitutable energy sources for its renewable and eco-friendly property. However, problems of lead contamination in fuel are also emphasized increasingly at present. So it was of quite significance to determine the contents of lead in bio-diesel oil and its raw material rapeseed oil. An effective method was developed for the rapid determination of lead in rapeseed oil and bio-diesel oil by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) after their stabilization as microemulsions. In this research work, polyethyleneglycol octyl phenyl ether and n-butanol were used for emulsifier and auxiliary emulsifying agent, respectively. For Pb, efficient thermal stabilization was obtained using NH4H2PO4 as matrix modifier. Sample stabilization was necessary because of evident analyte losses that occurred immediately after sampling. Excellent long-term sample stabilization and the influence of the microemulsion composition on the GFAAS response were observed by mixing different organic solvents. The ashing and atomization temperature and ramp rate influenced the sensitivity obtained for Pb. Take this into account, the optimum conditions of the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric determination of Pb in rapeseed oil and bio-diesel oil samples were investigated. The results showed that the microemulsion was quite stable when the value of V(20% polyethyleneglycol octyl phenyl ether), V(n-butanol), V(oil) and V(water) was 0.1∶8.9∶0.5∶0.5, without matrix interference effect. The determination limit of the proposed method was 126.2 μg·L-1 for Pb, comfortably below the values found in the analyzed samples. The recoveries were from 81.8% to 109.0%, which performed using the addition of different concentrations of lead to bio-diesel oil, rapeseed oil and petrochemical diesel samples. The relative standard deviation of determination was 5.84%. This work showed the great efficiency of the microemulsion, indicating that it is possible to extract lead from the oil phase. The method was applied to the determination of lead in oil samples with satisfactory results.
|
|
Received: 2007-02-08
Accepted: 2007-05-12
|
|
|
|
Corresponding Authors:
CHEN Hao
E-mail: hchenhao@mail.hzau.edu.cn
|
|
[1] Reyes M N M, Campos R C. Spectrochim. Acta Part B,2005, 60: 615.
[2] Anselmi A, Tittarelli P, Katskov D. Spectrochim. Acta Part B,2002, 57: 403.
[3] Baena J R, Gallego M, Valcarcel M. Spectrochim. Acta, Part B, 1999, 54: 1869.
[4] Mbileni C M, Ngobeni P, Katskov D, et al. J. Anal. At. Spectrom.,2002, 17: 236.
[5] Cardarelli E, Cifani M, Mecozzi M, et al. Talanta, 1986, 33: 279.
[6] Silva I, Campos R C, Curtius A J, et al. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993, 8: 749.
[7] Goncalves I M, Murillo M, Gonzalez A M. Talanta, 1998, 47: 1033.
[8] Campos R C, Santos H R, Grinberg P. Spectrochim. Acta Part B,2002, 57: 15.
[9] LOU Fang, YANG Guan-han, CHEN Zhi-li, et al(娄 方，杨官汉，陈志莉，等). Chemical Engineering of Oil and Gas(石油与天然气化工)，2001，30(4)：205.
[10] Al-Swaidan H M. Anal. Lett., 1993,26: 141.
[11] Botto R I. Canadian Journal of Analytical Science and Spectroscopy,2002, 47(1): 1.
[12] Saint’Pierre T D, Dias L F, Pozebon D, et al. Spectrochim. Acta Part B,2002, 57: 1991.
[13] Saint’Pierre T D, Dias L F, Maia S M, et al. Spectrochim. Acta Part B,2004, 59: 551.
[14] Botto R I. J. Anal. At. Spectrom., 1993, 8: 51.
[15] ZHAO Jin-wei, CHENG Wei, FENG Ya-hui(赵金伟，程 薇，封亚辉). Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis(光谱学与光谱分析)，2004，24(6)：733.
[16] TANG Shou-yuan, XU Yi(唐守渊，徐 溢). Physical Testing and Chemical Analysis Part B: Chemical Analysis(理化检验-化学分册)，2003，39(1)：23.
[17] WEI Qin, DING Yu-long, LI Yan, et al(魏 琴，丁玉龙，李 燕，等). Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis(光谱学与光谱分析)，2005，25(11)：1853.
[18] Dantas T N, Neto A A, Moura M C P A, et al. Water Research,2003, 37: 2709.
[19] Ozcan M, Akman S. Spectrochim. Acta Part B,2005, 60: 399.
[20] HAO Jing-cheng, WANG Han-qing, LU Run-hua, et al(郝京城，汪汉卿，鲁润华，等). Science in China (Series B)(中国科学∶ B缉)，1997，27(2)：131. |
| [1] |
YI Min-na1, 2, 3, CAO Hui-min1, 2, 3*, LI Shuang-na-si1, 2, 3, ZHANG Zhu-shan-ying1, 2, 3, ZHU Chun-nan1, 2, 3. A Novel Dual Emission Carbon Point Ratio Fluorescent Probe for Rapid Detection of Lead Ions[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(12): 3788-3793. |
| [2] |
AN Bai-song1, 2, WANG Xue-mei1, 2*, HUANG Xiao-yu1, 2, KAWUQIATI Bai-shan1, 2. Hyperspectral Estimation of Soil Lead Content Based on Random Frog Band Selection Algorithm[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(10): 3302-3309. |
| [3] |
CHAI Lin-lin, Areyi Mulati, Shawket Abliz*. Analysis the Adsorption Behaviors of Acetic Acid Modified Sand Grains for Lead Ions by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(09): 2775-2778. |
| [4] |
CHENG Fang-beibei1, 2, GAN Ting-ting1, 3*, ZHAO Nan-jing1, 4*, YIN Gao-fang1, WANG Ying1, 3, FAN Meng-xi4. Rapid Detection of Heavy Metal Lead in Water Based on Enrichment by Chlorella Pyrenoidosa Combined With X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(08): 2500-2506. |
| [5] |
ZHANG Chao1*, SU Xiao-yu1, XIA Tian2, YANG Ke-ming3, FENG Fei-sheng4. Monitoring the Degree of Pollution in Different Varieties of Maize Under Copper and Lead Stress[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(04): 1268-1274. |
| [6] |
LAI Si-han1, LIU Yan-song1, 2, 3*, LI Cheng-lin1, WANG Di1, HE Xing-hui1, LIU Qi1, SHEN Qian4. Study on Hyperspectral Inversion of Rare-Dispersed Element Cadmium Content in Lead-Zinc Ores[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(04): 1275-1281. |
| [7] |
ZHU Gui-jun, WANG Gan-zhen, PENG Jun*, TIAN Zong-ping, HOU Zhi-hua. The Mineralogical and Spectroscopic Characteristics of Phosphohedyphane From Chenzhou of Hunan Province[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2022, 42(10): 3017-3023. |
| [8] |
HUANG Xiao-juan1, 2, YAN Jing1, ZHANG Yang-li-zheng1, WANG Li-qin2*, XU Wei-hong1. Technological Analysis of the Chess Pieces of Liubo Uncovered From the Warring States Tomb in Shaanxi Province[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2022, 42(10): 3187-3192. |
| [9] |
WANG Ruo-su1, SUN Feng1, 2*, XIAN Yi-heng1. Study on the Composition and Weathered Layer of a Silicate Bead
Excavated From Ma-Jia-Yuan Cemetery M21[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2022, 42(10): 3193-3197. |
| [10] |
HOU Ya-ru, LU Ji-long*, FAN Yu-chao, Abudusalamu·KADIER, TANG Xiao-dan, WEI Qiao-qiao, GUO Jin-ke, ZHAO Wei. Uncertainty Evaluation and Method Improvement of Determination of Copper, Lead, and Zinc in Rocks by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2022, 42(07): 2101-2106. |
| [11] |
FAN Chun-hui1, 2, ZHENG Jin-huan3, LIU Hong-xin1. FTIR, 2D-IR and XPS Analyses on the Mechanism of Protoplast Derived From Calendula Officinalis in Response to Lead and Cadmium in Soil[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2022, 42(05): 1420-1425. |
| [12] |
LUO Wei, TIAN Peng, DONG Wen-tao, HUANG Yi-feng, LIU Xue-mei, ZHAN Bai-shao, ZHANG Hai-liang*. Detection of Pb Contents in Soil Using LIBS Coupled With Univariate Calibration Curve Methods[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2021, 41(03): 886-891. |
| [13] |
LIU Qun-wei, SHAO Yong-ni, CHEN Xiao-wan, JIANG Lin-hua*. Study on the Changes of Material in Scenedesmus Obliquus Based on Fourier Spectroscopy[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2020, 40(12): 3890-3894. |
| [14] |
LI Chao1, 2, LI Bin2, 3*, ZHANG Li-qiong2, YE Da-peng1*, ZHENG Shu-he1. Terahertz Spectrum Inversion Modeling of Lead Content in Different pH Soils[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2020, 40(08): 2397-2402. |
| [15] |
LIU Zhe1, LUO Ning-ning2, SHI Jiu-lin1, 2 *, ZHANG Yu-bao2, HE Xing-dao1, 2. Quantitative Analysis of Fuel Blends Based on Raman and Near Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2020, 40(06): 1889-1894. |
|
|
|
|
