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| Solvent Effect on the Excited State Intramolecular Proton Transfer Process of 2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-dicarboxylic Acid |
| Gulimire Yaermaimaiti1, 2, SONG Xin-tian1, AN Huan1, Bumaliya Abulimiti1*, XIANG Mei1* |
1. Xinjiang Key Laboratory for Luminescence Minerals and Optical Functional Materials, School of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830054, China
2. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinjiang Vocational & Technical College of Communications, Urumqi 831401, China
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Abstract In this study, we used time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) to calculate 2,2′-bipyridine-6 at the Cam-b3lyp / 6-31G (d, p) theoretical level. The bond length, bond angle, infrared (IR) vibration spectrum, highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO), and lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) of 2,2′-bipyridine-6,6′-dicarboxylic acid (BP6DC) in cyclohexane, dichloromethane, and dimethyl sulfoxide solvents were studied. In addition, the hole-electron orbitals of BP6DC in these three different solvent environments were simulated by Multiwfn and VMD software. At the experimental level, we measured its absorption and emission spectra using a steady-state spectrometer. Our results show that in cyclohexane (CYH) solvent, due to the inherent symmetry of the BP6DC molecule, the changes of parameters (bond length, bond angle) related to two hydrogen bonds O12—H18…N10 and O24—H25…N19 are consistent. On the contrary, in dichloromethane (DCM) and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvents, the change of bond length and bond angle showed the opposite trend. Through the analysis of the potential energy surface, the effect of solvent polarity on the hydrogen bond in the excited state of the BP6DC molecule was explained. We conclude that BP6DC can undergo excited-state double proton transfer in cyclohexane solution. On the contrary, in DCM and DMSO solutions, the molecular symmetry is destroyed, resulting in only a single proton transfer, and this single proton transfer has dual channel characteristics.
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Received: 2025-04-01
Accepted: 2025-09-11
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Corresponding Authors:
Bumaliya Abulimiti, XIANG Mei
E-mail: maryam917@xjnu.edu.cn；xm120922@xjnu.edu.cn
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