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| Nondestructive Testing and Origin Traceability of Serpentine Jade From Dawenkou Culture Based on p-FTIR and p-XRF |
| YANG Jiong1, 2, QIU Zhi-li1, 4*, SUN Bo3, GU Xian-zi5, ZHANG Yue-feng1, GAO Ming-kui3, BAI Dong-zhou1, CHEN Ming-jia1 |
1. Guangdong Key Laboratory of Geodynamic and Geological Hazards，Guangdong Key Laboratory of Geological Process and Mineral Resources Exploration，School of Earth Sciences and Engineering，Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
2. School of Tourism, Taishan University, Tai’an 271000, China
3. Institution of Archaeology and Cultural Relic, Shandong Provence, Ji’nan 250012, China
4. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Exploration for Hidden Metallic Ore Deposits，College of Earth Sciences, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin 541006, China
5. Shanghai Museum, Shanghai 200003, China
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Abstract Tracing the origin of unearthed jade is one of the keys to exploring Chinese jade civilization’s origin and evolution. The progress of non-destructive testing technology has promoted the research on tracing the origin of unearthed jade in academic circles, but so far, non-destructive technology is still the bottleneck restricting the research on tracing the origin of unearthed jade. In this paper, the combination of portable Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (p-FTIR) and portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (p-XRF), were used to study the mineral phase and chemical composition of serpentine jade from Dawenkou Culture excavated by the Shandong Institute of Cultural relics and Archaeology. The results show that there are two genetic types of unearthed serpentine jade in Dawenkou Culture. Seven serpentine jades (M1005:3, M1006:4, M1013:12, M20:30, M11, T333:2B①:2, M49:04) belong to ultrabasic rock type. They have high contents of Fe, Cr and Ni, and contain more magnetite inclusions with strong magnetism. The Cr/Ni value is less than 1 and most of them are less than 0.7, which is consistent with the origin characteristics of modern Taishan jade that provides an important scientific basis for Taishan jade to be used in the Dawenkou Culture period 5500 years ago. The other four jades (M2004:1, B-ring, M25:26, M26) have low contents of Fe, Cr and Ni, which belong to the type of dolomite contact metasomatism in which their sources need to be further studied and confirmed. The above research results confirm that the combination of p-FTIR and p-XRF can realize the rapid identification of most unknown jade materials in archaeological sites and collections. It has the advantages of no sample preparation, mutual verification of mineral types and element compositions, and no fluorescence interference. It can trace the origin of some specific types of serpentine jade/materials, which is an advantageous technology mix for the research on the unearthed jade.
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Received: 2020-12-17
Accepted: 2021-03-06
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Corresponding Authors:
QIU Zhi-li
E-mail: qiuzhili@mail.sysu.edu.cn
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