|
|
|
|
|
|
On-Line Spectral Analysis of Crotonaldehyde Content in Cigarette Mainstream Smoke |
QIN Yun-hua1,2, GAO Lei3, LI Chao1, LONG Yu-jiao4, ZHU Ming4, CHEN Da2* |
1. Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd., Kunming 650023, China
2. School of Precision Instruments & Opto-Electronics, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
3. China Kunlun Engineering Co., Ltd.,Jilin Branch, Jilin 132000, China
4. Hongyunhonghe Tobacco Group Co., Ltd.,Kunming 650231, China |
|
|
Abstract The cigarette mainstream smoke represents the main gas that is ingested by the human body when the cigarette is burned. The reduction of scorch and other hazardous components has become an issue of great concern to the whole society. Among various components in cigarette mainstream smoke, crotonaldehyde has become one of the seven main harmful indicators in cigarettes prescribed by the state due to its strong genotoxicity. Traditional analytical methods for crotonaldehyde usually rely on high-performance liquid chromatography and other laboratory methods, which requires complex sample pretreatment procedures. This makes it difficult to measure crotonaldehyde in real-time to evaluate its effects on health. In order to monitor the crotonaldehyde content in cigarette mainstream smoke efficiently, a Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer (FTIR) system was set up to a couple with a smoking machine. In this system, an innovative oversampling data driven spectral analysis (ODDSA) method was developed to accurately extract the spectral features of crotonaldehyde from the complex and fluctuating spectra of cigarette mainstream smoke. The ODDSA method started with experimental design and used the idea of random design to simulate the distribution range of actual cigarette samples, which constructed a good data structure to guide further data mining. Thereafter, the high-density wavelet transform (HDWT) was innovatively used to process the IR spectra, which enabled oversampling in time/frequency dual-domains to improve the spectral resolution. This would definitely suppress the effects of other matrix components on the analysis of crotonaldehyde. Finally, the strategy of modified competitive adaptive reweighted sampling was developed to accurately extract the interseting features from the multiple redundant HDWT coefficients, which was used to construct a qualified calibration model for the analysis of crotonaldehyde. In the experiment, 15 typical commercial cigarette brands were collected, in which 8 samples of each brand were prepared to collect their IR spectra of mainstream smoke. Thereafter, 25 samples were randomly selected to validate the performance of ODDSA. The calculation results showed that the regression coefficient of the test set was 0.971, and the relative root means square error is 5.5%. The satisfactory results indicate that the ODDSA is capable of on-line analysis of crotonaldehyde in cigarette mainstream smoke, which may well extend to on-line monitoring of other components in second-hand environmental smoke. This would provide a novel tool for the evaluation of cigarette effects on health.
|
Received: 2020-08-14
Accepted: 2020-12-29
|
|
Corresponding Authors:
CHEN Da
E-mail: dachen@tju.edu.cn
|
|
[1] Liu M Z, Jiang Y, Wedow R, et al. Nature Genetics, 2019, 51(2): 237.
[2] Park S L, Carmella S G, Chen M L et al. PLOS ONE,2015, 10(6): e0124841.
[3] Eldridge A, Betson T, Gama M V, et al. Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology, 2019, 107: 104402.
[4] Zhang X, Wang R, Zhang L, et al. International Journal of Analytical Chemistry, 2019, 2105839, doi: 10.1155/2019/2105839.
[5] Li C, Li E X, Zhang J, et al. Royal Society Open Science, 2018, 5(6): 172003.
[6] Lin C H, Grant R H, Heber A J, et al. Atmospheric Measurement Techniques, 2019, 12(6): 3403.
[7] GUAN Lin-qiang, DENG Hao, YAO Lu, et al(管林强,邓 昊,姚 路,等). Acta Physica Sinica(物理学报),2019, 68(9): 125.
[8] Ding Y S, Yan X Z, Wong J H, et al. Chemical Research Toxicology, 2016, 29(1): 125.
[9] Han X, Tan Z, Huang Z X, et al. Analytical Methods, 2017, 9(24): 3720.
[10] Chen D, Zong J, Huang Z X. Frontiers in Chemsitry, 2018, 6: 325.
[11] Ren G X, Wang Y J, Ning J M, et al. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2020, 230: 118079.
[12] Li Y, Via B K, Li Y X, et al. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2020, 240: 118566. |
[1] |
ZHU Hua-dong1, 2, 3, ZHANG Si-qi1, 2, 3, TANG Chun-jie1, 2, 3. Research and Application of On-Line Analysis of CO2 and H2S in Natural Gas Feed Gas by Laser Raman Spectroscopy[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(11): 3551-3558. |
[2] |
REN Shuang-zan1, WANG Jing-wei2, GAO Liang-liang2, ZHU Hong-mei1, WU Hao1, LIU Jing1, TANG Xiao-jun2*, WANG Bin2. A Novel Compensation Method of Gas Absorption Spectrum Based on Time-Sharing Scanning Spectra and Double Gas Cell Switching[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2021, 41(11): 3438-3443. |
[3] |
TANG Zhao-qi1, LIU Ying2, SHU Ru-xin1, YANG Kai1, ZHAO Long-lian2, ZHANG Lu-da3, ZHANG Ye-hui2, LI Jun-hui2*. Quality Anlysis of the before Redrying Raw Tobacco & after Redrying Sheet Tobacco by Using Online Near Infrared Spectroscopy [J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2014, 34(12): 3273-3276. |
[4] |
ZHANG La-ying, LIU Zi-ru, WANG Xiao-hong, HENG Shu-yun, SHAO Ying-hui, DING Li . An Investigation of Fast Thermolysis of GAP/AP System by FTIR Spectroscopy[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2013, 33(01): 14-18. |
[5] |
TANG Xiao-jun, LI Yu-jun, ZHU Ling-jian, DING Hui, LIU Jun-hua. On-Line and In-Situ Spectral Analysis of Multicomponent Gas Mixture with Same Molecular Group [J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2011, 31(11): 3031-3035. |
[6] |
FAN Hu1, 2,SHENG Liang-quan1, TONG Hong-wu1, JIN Zhong-xiu1, 2,LIU Shao-min1* . Determination of Benzo(a)pyrene in Cigarette Mainstream Smoke by Second-Order-Derivative Synchronous Fluorescence[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2005, 25(10): 1627-1629. |
|
|
|
|