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| Gemmological and Spectroscopic Studies of the Jade Looked Like “Frozen Matrix” Chicken-Blood Stone |
| CHEN Qian, CHEN Tao*, XU Xing, KANG Bin-yan, ZHENG Jin-yu, LI Meng-yang |
| Gemological Institute, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China |
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Abstract The object of this study is a kind of jade that is similar to “Frozen Matrix” Chicken-Blood Stone. There are orange-red minerals in its semitransparent “Matrix”. Using X-ray powder diffraction spectrometer (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectrometer (IR), and laser Raman spectroscopy(LRM) to analyze the gemological and spectroscopic characteristics of the jade. The results are as follow: the “Matrix” of the jade is mainly composed of ordered dickite, and the part in orange-red is realgar. The crystals are self-shaped hexagonal-plate. The length diameter of dickite is 15～20 μm, and the thickness is 2～4 μm. There is no obvious directionality in the aggregation of dickite. Some samples contain minerals like pyrite, fluorite, quartz, and calcite. The fingerprint region of FTIR spectra of “Matrix” has the main characteristic peaks of kaolinite minerals, which are located at 430, 470, 540, 698, 755, 795, 913, 937, 1 002, 1 034 and 1 118 cm-1; the functional areais characterized by the absorption peak at 3 622, 3 652 and 3 706 cm-1. The absorption peak of 3 622 cm-1 is caused by the in-plane stretching vibration of the inner hydroxyl OH1, and 3 653 cm-1 is attributed to the in-phase stretching vibration of the inner surface hydroxyl OH2 and OH4. The high-frequency peak is weak, while the low-frequency peak is strong. The absorption peak caused by the stretching vibration of hydroxyl OH3 on the inner surface is located at 3 706 cm-1. The result of FTIR spectra shows that the “Matrix” is a highly ordered dickite. Raman spectra showed that the “Blood” of the jade is realgar with the characteristic Raman shift at 186, 222, 235, 273, 346 and 355 cm-1. Among them, 186 and 222 cm-1 is attributed to the bending vibration of S—As—S, while the stretching vibration of As—S causes 346 and 355 cm-1. The Raman spectra of “Matrix” shows that the low-frequency region has the characteristic shift of kaolinite minerals of 133, 241, 266, 336, 436, 463, 747, 792 and 914 cm-1. In the high-frequency region, three stepped spectral peaks similar to the infrared spectra can be seen. The maximum strength of 3 624 cm-1 is attributed to the stretching vibration of OH1. The sub-strong peak 3 646 cm-1 is caused by the in-phase stretching vibration of OH2 and OH4. The peak strength of stretching vibration attributed to OH3 is the lowest and located at 3 706 cm-1. The characteristics of Raman shift in the high-frequency region indicate that“Matrix” is highly ordered dickite, which is consistent with the conclusion of FTIR spectra. Although the “Matrix” of the jade share the same composition of “Frozen Matrix” Chicken-blood stone, its’ “blood” is not cinnabar but realgar. Therefore, this study’s object is not Chicken-blood stone, and it should be called “Clay minerals jade”.
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Received: 2020-05-31
Accepted: 2020-09-12
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Corresponding Authors:
CHEN Tao
E-mail: summerjewelry@163.com
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