|
|
|
|
|
|
Segmentation and Detection of Cucumber Powdery Mildew Based on Visible Spectrum and Image Processing |
BAI Xue-bing, YU Jian-shu, FU Ze-tian, ZHANG Ling-xian, LI Xin-xing* |
Beijing Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China |
|
|
Abstract Powdery mildew, as a kind of cucumber disease with high outbreak frequency, spreads very fast, often leads to yield reduction and can’t achieve the expected economic benefits. Especially in serious years of disease outbreak, the reduction of cucumber in some areas was as high as 20%. This paper proposed a subinterval interval partial least squares regression (SI-PLSR) based on visible spectrum image for cucumber powdery mildew non-destructive detection. We usedCanon EOS 800D and Ocean Optics USB2000+ optical fiber spectrometer to collect visible spectral images and reflectivity curves of 200 cucumber powdery mildew leaves. Firstly, we used wavelet transform and watershed algorithm to extract the target leaves from the real-timevisible spectral images of cucumber powdery mildew leaves. Secondly, The Otsu algorithm optimized by Gauss fitting was used to segment the powdery mildew lesion. Thirdly, we established the PLSR in 350~1 100 nm band and calculated the cross validation root-mean-square error (RMSECV). At the other hand, 350~1 100 nm was divided into 20 sub-intervals, and established the PLSRindependently. The sub-intervals of RMSECV smaller than the full band were selected to form the joint interval. Finally, the SI-PLSR model was established based on powdery mildew lesions images and joint interval. Results show that 188 target leaves were extracted from 200 susceptible leaves visible spectral images successfully of which 157 were more than 95% and 31 were between 90% and 95%. The success rate was 94.00%. The average misclassification rate of powdery mildew was 5.81%. The average false negative was 1.55% and the average false positive was 4.26%. PLSR was established for 20 sub-intervals, and the results showed that the RMSECV values of the 5, 6, 7, 11, 12, 13 and 19 sub-intervals were lower than those of the full-band modeling, indicating that the spectral information of these seven sub-intervals contributed greatly to the identification of powdery mildew, which was relative to the wavebands of 470~520, 530~580 and 700~780 nm showing peaks. Therefore, these 7 sub intervals should be selected to establish the joint interval. The principal component number of SI-PLSR model was 7. RC, RV and RMSEC, RMSEV were 0.975 2, 0.907 3 and 0.919 5, 1.091. Compared with the full band PLSR model, the RC and RV of SI-PLSR was closer to 1, and the RMSEC and RMSEV were smaller. The above results showed that the SI-PLSR model proposed in this paper which effectively removed redundant information in visible spectral data and enhanced the stability of the model can be used to identify cucumber powdery mildew quickly and accurately, providing a method and reference for the diagnosis of cucumber diseases.
|
Received: 2018-09-02
Accepted: 2019-02-04
|
|
Corresponding Authors:
LI Xin-xing
E-mail: lxxcau@cau.edu.cn
|
|
[1] MA Jun-cheng,WEN Hao-jie, ZHANG Ling-xian, et al(马浚诚, 温皓杰, 张领先, 等). Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery(农业机械学报), 2017, 48(2): 195.
[2] Lebeda A. Journal of Phytopathology, 2010, 108(1): 71.
[3] ZHANG Peng, ZHU Yu-qiang, WANG Li-li, et al(张 鹏,朱育强,王丽莉,等). Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin(中国农学通报), 2017, 33(21): 134.
[4] Vatchev T, Maneva S. Crop Protection, 2012, 42(4): 16.
[5] Joe M M, Islam M R, Karthikeyan B, et al. Crop Protection, 2012, 42: 141.
[6] HUANG Shuang-ping, QI Long, MA Xu, et al(黄双萍, 齐 龙, 马 旭, 等). Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(农业工程学报), 2015, 31(1): 212.
[7] Kuska M T, Mahlein A K. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2018. 152(4):1.
[8] Bai X, Li X, Fu Z, et al. Computers & Electronics in Agriculture, 2017, 136: 157.
[9] Ma J, Du K, Zhang L, et al. Computers & Electronics in Agriculture, 2017, 142(142): 110.
[10] Sui Y Y, Wang Q Y, Yu H Y. Spectroscopy & Spectral Analysis, 2016, 36(6): 1779.
[11] Li H N, Feng J, Yang W P, et al. Spectrum-Based Method for Quantitatively Detecting Diseases on Cucumber Leaf. 4th International Congress on Image and Signal Processing. IEEE, 2011, 4: 1971.
[12] West A G, Goldsmith G R, Matimati I, et al. Rapid Communications in Mass Spectrometry, 2011, 25(16): 2268.
[13] LIU Yan-de, XIAO Huai-chun, SUN Xu-dong, et al(刘燕德, 肖怀春, 孙旭东, 等). Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis(光谱学与光谱分析), 2018,38(2):528.
[14] ZHAO Juan, PENG Yan-kun(赵 娟, 彭彦昆). Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering(农业工程学报), 2015, 31(7): 279.
[15] TANG Xiao-dong, LIU Man-hua, ZHAO Hui(汤晓东, 刘满华, 赵 辉, 等). Journal of Electronic Measurement and Instrument(电子测量与仪器学报), 2010, 24(4): 385.
[16] Mizushima A, Lu R. Computers & Electronics in Agriculture, 2013, 94(94): 29. |
[1] |
LI Yu1, ZHANG Ke-can1, PENG Li-juan2*, ZHU Zheng-liang1, HE Liang1*. Simultaneous Detection of Glucose and Xylose in Tobacco by Using Partial Least Squares Assisted UV-Vis Spectroscopy[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2024, 44(01): 103-110. |
[2] |
WANG Yi-ru1, GAO Yang2, 3, WU Yong-gang4*, WANG Bo5*. Study of the Electronic Structure, Spectrum, and Excitation Properties of Sudan Red Ⅲ Molecule Based on the Density Functional Theory[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(08): 2426-2436. |
[3] |
LIU Mei-jun, TIAN Ning*, YU Ji*. Spectral Study on Mouse Oocyte Quality[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(05): 1376-1380. |
[4] |
CI Cheng-gang*, ZANG Jie-chao, LI Ming-fei*. DFT Study on Spectra of Mn-Carbonyl Molecular Complexes[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(05): 1434-1441. |
[5] |
CHEN Qing1, TANG Bin1, 2*, LONG Zou-rong1, 2, MIAO Jun-feng1, HUANG Zi-heng1, DAI Ruo-chen1, SHI Sheng-hui1, ZHAO Ming-fu1, ZHONG Nian-bing1. Water Quality Classification Using Convolution Neural Network Based on UV-Vis Spectroscopy[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(03): 731-736. |
[6] |
WANG Ren-jie1, 2, FENG Peng1*, YANG Xing3, AN Le3, HUANG Pan1, LUO Yan1, HE Peng1, TANG Bin1, 2*. A Denoising Algorithm for Ultraviolet-Visible Spectrum Based on
CEEMDAN and Dual-Tree Complex Wavelet Transform[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(03): 976-983. |
[7] |
LI Yun-xia1, MA Jun-cheng2, LIU Hong-jie3, ZHANG Ling-xian1*. Tillering Number Estimation of Winter Wheat Based on Visible
Spectrogram and Lightweight Convolutional Neural Network[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(01): 273-279. |
[8] |
XU Meng-lei1, 2, GAO Yu3, ZHU Lin1, HAN Xiao-xia1, ZHAO Bing1*. Improved Sensitivity of Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance Using Silver Nanoparticles for Indirect Glyphosate Detection Based on Ninhydrin Reaction[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(01): 320-323. |
[9] |
LI Qing-bo1, BI Zhi-qi1, CUI Hou-xin2, LANG Jia-ye2, SHEN Zhong-kai2. Detection of Total Organic Carbon in Surface Water Based on UV-Vis Spectroscopy[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2022, 42(11): 3423-3427. |
[10] |
HU Yu-xia1, CHEN Jie1, SHAO Hui1, YAN Pu1, XU Heng1, SUN Long1, XIAO Xiao1, XIU Lei3, FENG Chun2GAN Ting-ting2, ZHAO Nan-jing2*. Research Progress of Spectroscopy Detection Technologies for Waterborne Pathogens[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2022, 42(09): 2672-2678. |
[11] |
LUO Heng, Andy Hsitien Shen*. Based on Color Calculation and In-Situ Element Analyze to Study the Color Origin of Purple Chalcedony[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2022, 42(06): 1891-1898. |
[12] |
LI Qing-bo1, WEI Yuan1, CUI Hou-xin2, FENG Hao2, LANG Jia-ye2. Quantitative Analysis of TOC in Water Quality Based on UV-Vis Spectroscopy[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2022, 42(02): 376-380. |
[13] |
LIU Jia-cheng1, 2, HU Bing-liang1, YU Tao1*, WANG Xue-ji1, DU Jian1, LIU Hong1, LIU Xiao1, HUANG Qi-xing3. Nonlinear Full-Spectrum Quantitative Analysis Algorithm of Complex Water Based on IERT[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2021, 41(12): 3922-3930. |
[14] |
YUE Su-wei1, 2, YAN Xiao-xu1, 2*, LIN Jia-qi1, WANG Pei-lian1, 2, LIU Jun-feng3. Spectroscopic Characteristics and Coloring Mechanism of Brown Tourmaline Under Heating Treatment[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2021, 41(08): 2524-2529. |
[15] |
WANG Yu-yan1, YANG Ling-yue1, LI Ming2, YANG Peng-tao3, Andy Hsitien Shen1, WANG Chao-wen1*. Spectral Characteristics and Color Origin of Unstable Yellow Sapphire[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2021, 41(08): 2611-2617. |
|
|
|
|