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Study on the Interaction Between Dehydronorcantharidin Imide-Cinnamaldehyde and Human Serum Albumin by Spectroscopy and Molecular Docking Simulation |
ZENG Zao, ZHANG Hao, FAN Yi-ning, YAN Jin-ling |
School of Chemical Engineering, Guizhou University of Engineering Science, Bijie 551700, China
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Abstract Dehydronorcantharidin compounds are a class of drugs with anticancer activity. The interaction mechanism between compounds and human serum albumin (HSA) is of great significance for understanding the properties of such drugs. In this study, dehydronorcantharidin imide-cinnamaldehyde (DCIC) was synthesized from furan, cinnamaldehyde and maleic anhydride, and the structure of the target compound was confirmed by NMR spectroscopy. The interaction mechanism of DCIC with HSA was investigated using fluorescence spectroscopy, site marker competition and molecular docking simulations. Fluorescence spectroscopy results indicated that the quenching mechanism of DCIC towards HSA followed a static quenching model. The quenching constants at 298, 303, and 313 K were found to be 8.53×104, 7.05×104, and 6.05×104 L·mol-1, respectively. At 303 K, the number of binding sites was calculated to be 0.978, and the Gibbs free energy is -25.75 kJ·mol-1. Both the enthalpy change (ΔH) and entropy change (ΔS) were negative, suggesting that the main interaction forces between DCIC and HSA were hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. According to Förster's theory of energy transfer, the binding distance between DCIC and HSA was calculated to be 3.946 nm, which is less than 7 nm, indicating static quenching through non-radiative energy transfer. Synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy results further revealed that DCIC increased the hydrophobicity of the microenvironment surrounding the tryptophan residue. Molecular docking simulations showed that DCIC binds to HSA at site I through a hydrogen bond, with an optimal binding energy of -25.44 kJ·mol-1, which is consistent with the findings from the spectroscopic and site competition experiments. This study provides a crucial theoretical foundation for research on the storage, transport, and pharmacokinetics of DCIC within the human body.
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Received: 2025-01-25
Accepted: 2025-07-13
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