Abstract：In order to study the three textiles P1, J1 and J2 on the bronze blister and the bronze mirror from the early Western Zhou Dynasty unearthed from the shangmiao cemeteries of Xitou site, Xunyi County, Shaanxi Province, the structures of textiles were analyzed by Infrared Spectrometer, Three-dimensional Video Microscope System and Scanning Electron Microscope. It is found that there are obvious peaks near 1 434 cm-1 due to the bending vibration of CH2 in cellulose and lignin; 1 080 and 1 033 cm-1, due to the stretching vibration of C—O ether bond in glucose ring in cellulose; J1 and J2 show a peak near the wave number of 898 cm-1, which is the characteristic absorption vibration band of D-glucoside bond. A peak appears in the region of 1 645~1 610 cm-1, which is the overlapping absorption peak of conjugated carbonyl and the C═C stretching vibration of lignin. These characteristic peaks are consistent with the infrared absorption spectra of hemp fibers, so it can be inferred that the three textile traces are hemp textiles. The observation shows that the surface of these fibers is rough, their radial shape is cylindrical and flat, and the cross-section is triangular and oval, similar to hemp. It is suggested that they are hemp products. The textile density on the bronze blister is 23×25 pieces·cm-2, the fabric of bronze mirror is loose, which are 13×6 pieces·cm-2 and 13 pieces·cm-2×14 pieces·cm-2. It is found that there are significant differences in the warp and weft diameter data of these three textiles, which should be the result of different use of warp and weft. According to the above analysis results, due to the differences in tomb specification, the fabric on the bronze blister is finer than that on the mirror, and the weaving density of the two kinds of fabrics on the mirror is quite different. According to the location of their attachment, it can be inferred that J2 is for wrapping, J1 is for padding during burial, and the mirror is placed face down during burial. During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, hemp crops were widely used by the people who belonged to the cemetery, and the textile level was mature; At the same time, it is precise because of the attachment of these textiles to bronze that the antibacterial effect of copper ions and the custom of wrapping bronzes with textiles enable them to be preserved so far.
葛若晨，杨 璐，豆海锋，李昱珩，刘 威. 对上庙墓地出土西周早期纺织遗痕的红外光谱和显微分析[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2023, 43(02): 503-507.
GE Ruo-chen, YANG Lu, DOU Hai-feng, LI Yu-heng, LIU Wei. Infrared Spectra and Microscopic Analysis of Textiles From the Early Western Zhou Dynasty Unearthed in Shangmiao Cemetery. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(02): 503-507.
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