凤阳明中都遗址出土琉璃瓦胎体制作工艺研究

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2019)04-1280-08

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Abstract In order to explore the manufacturing technique level and characteristic for glazed tiles in early Ming dynasty, Energy Disperse X-Ray Fluorescence(EDXRF) was used to the determination of chemical composition of 69 pieces glazed tiles bodies from Mingzhongdu Site in Fengyang(FMZD), and Minggugong Site in Nanjing(NMGG), thermal expansion instrument, water absorption rate determinator and polarizing microscope were used to analyze the bodies’ firing temperature and the rate of water absorption and apparent porosity, bulk density, microstructure. The results showed that, the sample bodies were divided into three types: high Ca and Fe, low Ca high Fe and low Ca low Fe, which meant that the raw materials of samples were from different areas. The chemical composition of some FMZD’s samples had a great similarity with NMGG, while the two places had obvious difference in chemical composition compared with Beijinggugong’s glazed tiles bodies, which suggested the raw materials for Beijinggugong’s samples were different from the Mingzhongdu and Minggugong’s samples. The results of firing temperature and physical properties, microstructure showed that: firing temperature of porcelain body in FMZD was so high that reached 1 140 ℃, lower in water absorption and porosity, and the porcelain body met the requirement of standards. While firing temperature of the pottery bodies was about 880~1 100 ℃，higher in water absorption and porosity, obvious differences in the samples of the FMZD’s, and it was speculated that the dispersion of the raw materials origin of the FMZD’s tiled glazes caused the differences on the firing temperature, water absorption and porosity. Compared with samples of NMGG and BGGM, absorption and porosity of the FMZD’s samples were higher than that’s, but firing temperature of the pottery bodies of the three places was below 1100℃. The microstructures of the FMZD and NMGG’s samples were rarely different from the pictures of the microstructures, which showed that the bodies raw materials were smashed subtly and elutriated highly, sintered higher, and tiled glazes had the better performance comparison. By studying the firing technology for tiled glazes during Hongwu Period in early Ming Dynasty, it not only enriched the course of the technological development of the tiled glazes, but also offered the gist for understanding the making-technology of tiled glazes and organization form of building Mingzhongdu.

Key words：Mingzhongdu tiled glazes; Multi-variate statistical analysis; Firing technology; Raw materials of origin

Received: 2018-03-01 Accepted: 2018-08-09

ZTFLH:

TU522.2+3

Corresponding Authors: YANG Yu-zhang E-mail: yzyang@ustc.edu.cn

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https://www.gpxygpfx.com/EN/10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2019)04-1280-08 OR https://www.gpxygpfx.com/EN/Y2019/V39/I04/1280

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