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| Analysis of Color Paint for Moyan Stone Carvings in Shuining Temple in Bazhong |
| SUN Feng1, 2, WANG Ruo-su2, LIANG Ya-xin2, LIU Jia-ru2, YAO Xue3, ZHAO Fan4 |
1. Key Laboratory of Cultural Heritage Research and Conservation, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
2. School of Cultural Heritage，Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
3. College of Tourism and History and Culture, Southwest University for Nationalities, Chengdu 610041, China
4. Sichuan Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, Chengdu 610041, China
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Abstract Shuining Temple in Bazhong is famous for its wide range of themes, diverse forms and exquisite carving. However, the wet environment, unstable cliff body and the semi-open preservation environment caused serious damage to the stone carvings of Shuining Temple, which affected the artistry of the stone carvings. Therefore, the protection and restoration work of the cliff statues of Shuining Temple is extremely urgent. In this paper, through the analysis of the pigments for the stone carvings in Shuining Temple, the information of the pigment is obtained, which, on the one hand, provides a scientific basis for the restoration of the pigments, and on the other hand, is conducive to the targeted protection of cultural relic workers, which is of great significance for the protection of cultural relics. This paper used superdepth three-dimensional video microanalysis, X-ray fluorescence spectrum analysis (XRF), X-ray diffraction experiment analysis (XRD) and laser Raman spectrum analysis to comprehensively analyze the main composition minerals of shuining Temple moyan pigment from the appearance, structure and composition of the material. The results showed that the main mineral of sample No.1 was yellow ochre, sample No.2 was leaden, sample No.3 was celadon, sample No.4 was lead sulfate, sample No.5 was lapis lazuli, sample No.6 was goethite, and dihydrite was the white powder layer under the pigment layer. Due to the long-term exposure of the statues to the damp and semi-open environments, a few pigments could not be directly detected as standard substances, so secondary analysis should be conducted according to relevant data. For example, the main component of yellow ochre detected due to long-term weathering was Fe2O3. K2PbO2 and PbO2 were decomposed under the environmental conditions of moisture and microbial presence. Goethite is produced by a chemical reaction of hematite or pyrite. In addition, by comparing the synthetic time of artificial lapis lazuli with the excavation age of the statue, and by detecting the element Fe, which implies that pyrite is the main component of Venus in natural lapis lazuli, we can judge that the pigment of this sample is made of natural lapis lazuli, which enriches the use cases of natural lapis lazuli.
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Received: 2020-06-29
Accepted: 2020-08-05
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