德格县俄支寺祖拉康经堂壁画颜料的光谱学分析

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2025)10-2837-07

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Abstract As an important Tibetan temple situated in the Jinsha River basin of Sichuan Province, E'zhi Temple has murals distributed in its Zulakang Scripture Hall, which date from the Ming Dynasty, Qing Dynasty, to modern times. With a clear chronological sequence, these murals possess significant artistic, historical, and academic research value. The extant murals suffer from damage, including detachment, flaking, and pulverization, necessitating urgent conservation interventions. Understanding the compositional characteristics of mural pigments across different historical periods at E'zhi Temple scientifically is fundamental to implementing effective conservation and restoration. Spectroscopic analysis techniques such as depth-of-field microscopy, X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS) were employed to study pigments of the Scripture Hall murals and the cloister murals. They exhibit distinct painting content,styles, and chronological origins.Results revealed that the Ming Dynasty cloister murals widely used traditional inorganic mineral pigments,including orpiment, cinnabar, hematite, malachite, azurite, and muscovite. At the same time, the Scripture Hall murals were repainted with modern synthetic pigments such as Pigment Red 14, chrome yellow, Basic Blue 26, phthalocyanine blue, and lithopone. There were significant differences in the types of pigments between the two mural groups. The Scripture Hall murals have undergone several rounds of repainting in modern and contemporary times. Inorganic mineral pigments such as muscovite, cinnabar,and malachite have been detected in the remaining original murals at the lower layer. On the use of mixed pigments, orange pigments were obtained by mixing chrome yellow with Pigment Red 14, and cinnabar with muscovite. Green pigments were obtained by mixing phthalocyanine blue with chrome yellow, which reflects the inheritance of traditional Tibetan painting techniques in color formulation. As one of the few scientific investigations on mural pigments in Sichuan's Tibetan regions, this study enhances the understanding of the scientific information of the murals in E'zhi Temple, and enriches the pigment usage cases in Tibetan-area murals of Sichuan.

Key words：Mural; E'zhi Temple; Pigment; Spectroscopic analysis

Received: 2024-12-19 Accepted: 2025-05-29

ZTFLH:

K879.41

Corresponding Authors: ZHAO Fan E-mail: zhaofan_163@163.com

Cite this article:

DING Meng,ZHAO Fan,WANG Er, et al. Spectroscopic Analysis of the Mural Pigments in the Zulakang Scripture Hall of E'zhi Temple, Dege, Sichuan[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2025, 45(10): 2837-2843.

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https://www.gpxygpfx.com/EN/10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2025)10-2837-07 OR https://www.gpxygpfx.com/EN/Y2025/V45/I10/2837

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