Principal Component and Cluster Analysis of Trace Elements in Chinese Herb Salvia Miltiorrhiza and Its Relative Species
YANG Zai-jun2, 3,ZHANG Li2, 3*,YANG Rui-wu1,2,DING Chun-bang1,2,ZHOU Yong-hong2,WAN De-guang3
1. College of Biology and Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan 625014, China 2. Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Resources and Improvement of Ministry of Education, Sichuan Agricultural University, Yaan625014, China 3. Pharmacy School of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610015, China
Abstract:The contents of trace elements, including copper, zinc, iron, magnesium, calcium, chromium, lead, molybdenum, manganese, and cadmium in Chinese traditional herb S. miltiorrhiza and its relative species such as S. miltiorrhiza f. alba, S. evansiana, S. yunnanensis, S. przewalskii, S. cavaleriei, S. cavaleriei var. simplicifolia, S. roborowskii, S. omeiana, S. tricuspis, S. brevilabra and S. cynica were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. The principal components analysis of SPSS was applied to the study of characteristic elements in S. miltiorrhiza and its relative species. Three principal components which accounted for 79.3% of total variance were extracted from the original data. The first factor accounted for 49.6% of the total variance, which means that iron, manganese, copper, zinc, cadmium and lead are the characteristic elements in S. miltiorrhiza and its relative species. The results of cluster analysis show that the samples could cluster reasonably into two groups. The samples of S. miltiorrhiza from different regions were classified into one group except S. miltiorrhiza from Zhejiang and S. miltiorrhiza f. alba. The other Salvia species were classified into another group except S. cavaleriei. The S. miltiorrhiza and other Salvia species can be distinguished by this method, whose accuracy of classification is 90%. The cluster analysis based on the contents of trace element in S. miltiorrhiza and its relative species provided a quick, accurate and simple method for authentication of herb Salvia miltiorrhiza.
杨在君1,2,张利2,3*,杨瑞武1,2,丁春邦1,2,周永红2,万德光3 . 中药丹参及其近缘种中微量元素的主成分和聚类分析[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2008, 28(10): 2441-2445.
YANG Zai-jun2, 3,ZHANG Li2, 3*,YANG Rui-wu1,2,DING Chun-bang1,2,ZHOU Yong-hong2,WAN De-guang3 . Principal Component and Cluster Analysis of Trace Elements in Chinese Herb Salvia Miltiorrhiza and Its Relative Species. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2008, 28(10): 2441-2445.
[1] Delectis Florae Republicae Popularis Sinice, Agendae Academiae Sinicae Edita(中国科学院植物志编辑部委员会编). Flora of China. Vol.66(中国植物志. 第66卷). Beijing: Science Press(北京: 科学出版社),1990. 71. [2] XIAO Xiao-he, FANG Qing-mao, XIA Wen-juan, et al(肖小河, 方清茂, 夏文娟, 等). Journal of Plant Resources and Environment(植物资源与环境), 1997, 6(2): 17. [3] FU Zhi-hong, XIE Ming-yong, ZHANG Zhi-ming, et al(付志红, 谢明勇, 章志明, 等). Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis(光谱学与光谱分析),2004,24 (6): 737. [4] WU Zhong, SU Wei-wei, LIN Jing-ming(吴 忠, 苏薇薇, 林敬明). Journal of Chinese Medicinal Materials(中药材),2001,24 (1): 57. [5] LI Xian-chun, WANG Xiao-ru(黎先春, 王小如). Key Analytical Technologies for the Quality Control of Chinese Medicinal Herbs Produced According to GAP Guidelines(中药材GAP实施过程中的关键分析技术). Xiamen: Xiamen University Press(厦门: 厦门大学出版社),2002. 7. [6] Farnham I M, Johannesson K H, Singh A K. Analytica Chimica Acta,2003, 490: 123. [7] LU Xiao-hua. Fuel, 1995, 74(9): 1382. [8] Malinowski E R, Howery D C. Factor Analysis in Chemistry. New York: Wiley Interscience, 1980. [9] CHEN Jun-hui, XIE Ming-yong, FU Bo-qiang, et al(陈军辉, 谢明勇, 傅博强, 等). Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis(光谱学与光谱分析),2006,26(7): 1326. [10] DONG Shun-fu, LIU Jie, DONG Hong-bo, et al(董顺福, 刘 洁, 董宏博, 等). Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis(光谱学与光谱分析),2006,26(11): 2150. [11] YANG Ruo-ming, ZHANG Jing-hua, WANG Hui(杨若明, 张经华, 王 辉). Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemstry(分析化学),2002, 30(1): 78. [12] QI Jun-sheng, XU Hui-bi, ZHOU Jing-yan, et al(祁俊生, 徐辉碧, 周井炎, 等). Chinese Journal of Analytical Chemstry(分析化学), 1998,26(11): 1309.