发光有机多孔聚合物简便合成及其水相百草枯检测性能

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2025)10-2767-07

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摘要：伴随着人口数量的迅速增长，现今社会对于粮食的需求量也在激增，同时导致了杀虫剂、除草剂等农药的过度使用。其中，随着生态系统的循环，部分农药流向自然环境中，造成了严重的环境问题，包括对大气、水体和土壤等的污染及对生态系统的破坏。此外，长期接触农药还会导致不同的疾病，例如白血病，淋巴瘤和各类癌症等，严重危害人体健康。因此，开发高效的残余农药检测材料和方法是当前亟待解决的问题。传统的色谱以及电化学分析等方法虽然具有灵敏度及准确度高等优点，但是存在仪器设备昂贵以及预处理步骤复杂等客观因素，不利于实现快速及原位检测。荧光光谱技术近年来发展迅速，在快速检测领域显现出良好的前景，但是存在小分子荧光探针稳定性不佳，容易光漂白的问题；金属-有机框架（MOFs）材料，同样也被广泛尝试用于农药检测领域，然而较差的化学稳定性尤其是水稳定性，限制了其在农药检测领域的进一步发展推广。有机多孔聚合物(POPs)材料是一类由 C、H、O、N等轻质元素通过稳定的共价键连接的新型多孔材料，在传感、催化、环境处理以及能源等领域都得到广泛应用。但在水相中实现对残余农药的有效荧光检测当前还鲜有报道。因此，我们通过简单的超声合成方法在乙酸水溶液体系中将具有聚集诱导发光(AIE)特性的四苯乙烯基单元和富氮的酰肼单元连接，成功制备了具有强荧光发射性能的有机多孔聚合物TPE-OMe，并以百草枯(Paraquat)农药为模型研究了聚合物TPE-OMe在水相中对百草枯的荧光检测性能。研究结果表明，聚合物TPE-OMe对百草枯具有高灵敏的检测能力，Stern-Volmer系数为2.82×10⁴ （mol·L^-1）^-1，其检测限可以达到4.84×10^-7 mol·L^-1。

关键词：发光；多孔有机聚合物；荧光检测；百草枯

Abstract：With the rapid growth of the population, the current society's demand for food is also surging, which simultaneously leads to the excessive use of pesticides such as insecticides and herbicides. Among them, with the circulation of the ecosystem, some pesticides flow into the natural environment, causing serious environmental problems, including air pollution, water pollution, and soil contamination, as well as ecosystem destruction. In addition, long-term exposure to pesticides can also lead to different diseases, such as leukemia, lymphoma, and various cancers, seriously endangering human health. Therefore, the development of efficient residual pesticide detection materials and methods is a pressing problem that needs to be addressed. Although traditional chromatographic and electrochemical analysis methods offer advantages such as high sensitivity and accuracy, there are objective factors, including the expense of instrumentation and complex pretreatment steps, that hinder the realization of rapid and in-situ detection. Fluorescence spectroscopy technology has undergone rapid development in recent years, showing promising prospects in the field of rapid detection. However, there are problems, such as poor stability of small-molecule fluorescent probes and easy photobleaching. Metal-organic framework (MOFs) materials have also been widely attempted in the field of pesticide detection. However, poor chemical stability, particularly in terms ofwater stability, limits their further development and promotion in the field of pesticide detection. Porous organic polymer (POPs) materials are a new type of porous materialcomposed of light elements such as C, H, O, and N connected by stable covalent bonds, and have been widely used in fields such as sensing, catalysis, environmental treatment, and energy. However, the effective fluorescence detection of residual pesticides in the aqueous phase has been rarely reported to date. Therefore, in this paper, we successfully prepared a porous organic polymer TPE-OMe with strong fluorescence emission performance by connecting the tetraphenylethylene unit with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics and the nitrogen-rich hydrazide unit in an aqueous acetic acid solution system through a simple ultrasonic synthesis method, and studied the fluorescence detection performance of the polymer TPE-OMe for paraquat in the aqueous phase using paraquat pesticide as a model. The research results show that the polymer TPE-OMe has a highly sensitive detection ability for paraquat, with a Stern-Volmer coefficient of 2.82×10⁴ （mol·L^-1）^-1, and its detection limit can reach 4.84×10^-7 mol·L^-1.

Key words：Luminescence; Porous organic Polymers; Fluorescent sensing; Paraquat

收稿日期: 2024-12-12 修订日期: 2025-06-04

中图分类号:

O657.3

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目(21206016)，横向课题(HX20230354)资助

通讯作者: 李颖，贡卫涛 E-mail: 819818501@qq.com; wtgong@dlut.edu.cn

作者简介: 李颖，女，1976年生，大连产品质量检验检测研究院有限公司高级工程师 e-mail: 819818501@qq.com

引用本文:

李颖，孙稚菁，胡侠，任国杰，孙录，初珊珊，孙丽君，贡卫涛. 发光有机多孔聚合物简便合成及其水相百草枯检测性能[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2025, 45(10): 2767-2773.
LI Ying, SUN Zhi-jing, HU Xia, REN Guo-jie, SUN Lu, CHU Shan-shan, SUN Li-jun, GONG Wei-tao. Synthesis of Novel Fluorescent Organic Porous Polymers and Sensing of Paraquat in Aqueous Solution. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2025, 45(10): 2767-2773.

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