1,3-氧硫戊环为受体的Hg<sup>2+</sup>荧光探针的设计、合成及性能

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2024)07-1913-05

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摘要： Hg²⁺是毒性最强的重金属离子之一，会造成空气、土壤和水的污染，严重损害人体健康，开发有效的分析方法检测环境体系中的Hg²⁺尤为重要。荧光探针因其灵敏度高、选择性好、响应速度快、可实时在线检测等优点，已广泛应用于Hg²⁺检测。以Hg²⁺促进硫代缩醛的去保护反应设计合成了一种全新的以1,3-氧硫戊环为受体的开启型Hg²⁺荧光探针[2-(pyren-1-yl)-1,3-oxathiolane, POX]，通过¹H NMR、¹³C NMR和HRMS对POX结构进行表征，考察了POX在CH₃CH₂OH/H₂O中对Hg²⁺的选择性、竞争性、浓度滴定、pH滴定、时间依赖性、检出限和识别机理等。研究结果表明，POX可在较宽的pH范围内对Hg²⁺快速识别，并表现出高度的选择性和灵敏度；向POX中加入Hg²⁺后，在386 nm处出现明显的荧光发射峰，表明POX对Hg²⁺呈现出显著的荧光“开启”效应，其识别过程几乎不受其他金属离子干扰；荧光滴定实验表明POX在Hg²⁺浓度为0~6.5 μmol·L^-1范围内具有良好的线性响应（R²=0.999 4），检出限为0.168 μmol·L^-1，在实际水样中检测Hg²⁺的RSD小于2.92%。由于POX合成简单、原料易得且pH适用范围较广，可作为定性和定量检测环境中Hg²⁺的潜在工具。

关键词：荧光探针；Hg²⁺；1,3-氧硫戊环；荧光开启

Abstract：Hg²⁺ is one of the most toxic heavy metal ions, which can cause air, soil, and water pollution, seriously damaging human health. Therefore, developing effective analytical methods to detect Hg²⁺ in environmental systems is particularly important. Fluorescent probes have been widely used to detect Hg²⁺ due to their advantages, such as high sensitivity, good selectivity, fast response time, and real-time online detection. In this paper, a novel “turn-on” fluorescent probe (2-(pyren-1-yl)-1,3-oxathiolane, POX) with 1,3-oxathiolane as receptor was designed and synthesized based on Hg²⁺-promoted deprotection reaction of thioacetal, and¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR, and HRMS characterized its structure. The selectivity, competitiveness, concentration titration, pH titration, time dependence, the limit of detection, and recognition mechanism of POX for the detection of Hg²⁺ in CH₃CH₂OH/H₂O solution were investigated. The results showed that POX could quickly recognize Hg²⁺ in a wide pH range and exhibited high selectivity and sensitivity. Adding Hg²⁺ to the solution of POX resulted in a clear fluorescence emission peak at 386 nm, indicating that POX showed a remarkable “turn-on” fluorescence for Hg²⁺, and its recognition process was almost unaffected by other metal ions. Fluorescence titration experiments indicated that POX had a good linear response (R²=0.999 4) in the range of Hg²⁺ from 0~ 6.5 μmol·L^-1, with a detection limit of 0.168 μmol·L^-1. The RSD of POX for detecting Hg²⁺ in actual water samples was less than 2.92%. The simple synthesis, easy availability of raw materials, and wide pH applicability of POX suggested that itcould be used as a potential tool for the qualitative and quantitative detection of Hg²⁺ in the environment.

Key words：Fluorescent probe; Hg²⁺; 1,3-Oxathiolane; Turn-on fluorescence

收稿日期: 2023-04-13 修订日期: 2023-11-06

中图分类号:

O657.3

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目（52274029）资助

通讯作者: 吴爱斌，余维初 E-mail: abwu@yangtzeu.edu.cn；yuweichu@126.com

作者简介: 梁庆祥，1996年生，长江大学化学与环境工程学院化学系硕士研究生 e-mail: 793080024@qq.com

引用本文:

梁庆祥，周五，吴爱斌，舒文明，余维初. 1,3-氧硫戊环为受体的Hg²⁺荧光探针的设计、合成及性能[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2024, 44(07): 1913-1917.
LIANG Qing-xiang, ZHOU Wu, WU Ai-bin, SHU Wen-ming, YU Wei-chu. Design, Synthesis and Performance of Fluorescent Probe for Detection of Hg²⁺ With 1,3-Oxathiolane as Receptor. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2024, 44(07): 1913-1917.

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