基于双荧光中心碳量子点的比率型荧光探针快速检测乐果

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2023)02-0468-07

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摘要：环境和农产品中乐果的残留，对人体和生态环境都造成了巨大的威胁。急需构建一种高效、简便及廉价的检测方法用于乐果的快速检测。通过对木糖和碳酸氢铵进行简单的水热处理，成功制备了掺杂氮型碳量子点(N-CQDs)。N-CQDs的激发光谱表明，其在238和330 nm 处各有一个荧光中心，它们的荧光发射中心均位于402 nm左右。随着乐果的不断加入，238 nm激发的发射光谱能在1 min内被有效猝灭，而330 nm激发的发射光谱荧光变化不明显，基于此构建了比率型荧光探针用于乐果的快速检测。在最佳反应条件下，比率型荧光探针对乐果的检测范围为2~100和100~180 ng·mL^-1，检出限为0.67 ng·mL^-1。常见的离子和农药对乐果的干扰不大，表明该比率型荧光探针无需特异性酶的标记即可对乐果显示出良好的选择性。该方法用于实际火龙果样品中乐果的检测，并与国家标准规定的气相色谱-质谱法（GC-MS）比较。所建立的方法在实际火龙果样品检测中回收率在92.55%~102.24%之间，其相对标准偏差（RSD）小于3.62%（n=3）。而国标规定的GC-MS法的回收率在84.22%~100.64%之间，RSD在2.95%~10.95%（n=3）之间。结果表明，与GC-MS法相比，所建立的比率型荧光探针显示出更高的准确度与精密度，实验结果令人满意。

关键词：碳量子点；双荧光中心；比率型荧光探针；乐果

Abstract：The residues of dimethoate pesticides in the environment and agricultural products pose a great threat to human health and the ecological environment. Therefore, it is urgent to establish an efficient, simple and inexpensive method for detecting dimethoate. This study used a simple method to prepare N-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) via hydrothermal treatment of xylose and ammonium bicarbonate. The excitation spectrum of N-CQDs exhibited dual fluorescence centers at 238 and 330 nm, while both of their emission centers were located at around 402 nm. The fluorescence center obtained at the excitation wavelength of 238 was quickly quenched by dimethoate within 1 min, while that obtained at 330 nm showed little change. On this basis, a dual fluorescence center-based ratiometric fluorescent probe for dimethoate detection was constructed. Under the optimal reaction conditions, the linear ranges for dimethoate detection were 2~100 and 100~180 ng·mL^-1, with a limit of detection of 0.67 ng·mL^-1. Common ions and pesticides showed little effect for dimethoate detection, suggesting a good selectivity of the constructed probe without needing specific enzyme labeling. Moreover, the as-constructed probe was applied to detect the dimethoate residual in the actual pitaya samples, and the results were compared with the standard GC-MS method. The recoveries of the established probe were between 92.55% and 102.24%, with RSD lower than 3.62%. The recovery of the GC-MS method was between 84.22% and 100.64%, with RSD lower than 10.95%. Results reveal that the established probe shows higher accuracy and precision than the standard GC-MS method, the result is satisfactory.

Key words：Carbon quantum dots; Dual flourescence centers; Ratiometric flourescent probe; Dimethoate

收稿日期: 2021-09-23 修订日期: 2022-07-05

中图分类号:

O657.34

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目（31660183），广西重点研发计划项目（桂科AB17292071），广西石化资源加工及过程强化技术重点实验室开放基金项目（2020k003）资助

通讯作者: 陈丛瑾 E-mail: gxdxccj@163.com；chencongjin@gxu.edu.cn

作者简介: 吕春秋，1968年生，南宁海关技术中心高级工程师 e-mail: 335609898@qq.com

引用本文:

吕春秋，司露露，盘钊金，梁杨琳，廖秀芬，陈丛瑾. 基于双荧光中心碳量子点的比率型荧光探针快速检测乐果[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2023, 43(02): 468-474.
LÜ Chun-qiu, SI Lu-lu, PAN Zhao-jin, LIANG Yang-lin, LIAO Xiu-fen, CHEN Cong-jin. Fast and Ratiometric Detection of Dimethoate Via the Dual- Emission Center Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(02): 468-474.

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