不同变质程度煤微晶结构演化特征及无机矿物组分研究

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2025)11-3294-07

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摘要：为了研究不同变质程度煤的微晶结构演化特征及无机矿物成分的相对含量，通过X射线衍射（XRD）实验对四种不同变质程度的煤进行表征，并进行了相分析和微晶结构参数计算。基于前人成果，研究了全煤级煤的微晶结构参数演化规律，并探讨了煤微晶结构的演化机制。研究表明：煤微晶结构参数随镜质组反射率呈非线性阶跃变化，煤的基本结构单元由“涡层状”逐渐转变为平直的石墨化结构，这种结构转变经历了从渐变到突变的转化。R_{o, max}在0%~0.6%，煤的微晶结构参数几乎不变，煤阶演化相对缓慢。R_{o, max}在0.6%~1.3%，进入快速演化阶段，脂肪族、含氧官能团迅速脱落，形成大量活性位点，芳构化几率增加。R_{o, max}在1.3%~2.4%，煤的延展度和堆垛高度的发育滞后于面网间距。反射率在2.4%~3.3%，纵向发育和生长基本停止，煤中类石墨微晶由“高瘦”变为“扁平”。R_{o, max}为3.3%～4.6%，含杂原子且缺陷的不规则芳香层片发生解构与重排。R_{o, max}大于4.6%时，芳香层片紊乱与缺陷大幅消除，大尺寸且高平整度片层平行堆叠，煤基本结构单元呈无序芳香碳与有序石墨微晶共存状态。

关键词：X射线衍射；煤阶演化；微晶结构；无机矿物；演化机理

Abstract：To investigate the microcrystalline structural evolution characteristics and relative inorganic mineral content of coal at different metamorphic stages, this study characterized four coal samples with varying degrees of metamorphism using X-ray diffraction (XRD) experiments. Phase analysis and microcrystalline structural parameter calculations were performed. Building upon previous research, the evolution patterns of microcrystalline structural parameters in whole coal ranks were examined, and the evolutionary mechanisms of coal microcrystalline structures were explored. Research indicates that the microcrystalline structure parameters of coal exhibit nonlinear step changes with the reflectance of vitrinite. The fundamental structural units of coal gradually transform from “vortex-layered” to flat graphitic structures, undergoing a transition from gradual to abrupt changes. R_{o, max} ranges from 0% to 0.6%, during which the microcrystalline structure parameters of coal remain nearly constant, and coal rank evolution proceeds relatively slowly. R_{o, max} ranges from 0.6% to 1.3%. A rapid evolution phase commences, characterized by the swift detachment of aliphatic and oxygen-containing functional groups, which form numerous active sites and increase the probability of aromatization. R_{o, max}ranges from 1.3% to 2.4%; the development of coal ductility and stacking height lags behind the interplanar spacing. R_{o, max} that ranges from 2.4% to 3.3%, longitudinal development and growth essentially cease, and the graphite-like microcrystals in coal transform from “tall and slender” to “flat”. When R_{o, max} exceeds 3.3%, graphite content gradually increases, and the coal exhibits an aggregate of disordered aromatic carbon coexisting with ordered graphite microcrystals.

Key words：X-ray diffraction; Coal rank evolution; Microcrystalline structure; Inorganic minerals; Evolutionary mechanism

收稿日期: 2025-04-16 修订日期: 2025-09-09

中图分类号:

X936

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目（52174183，52374203）资助

通讯作者: 邢迎欢 E-mail: 1436529185@qq.com

作者简介: 贾进章，1974年生，辽宁工程技术大学安全科学与工程学院教授 e-mail: jiajinzhang@163.com

引用本文:

贾进章，邢迎欢. 不同变质程度煤微晶结构演化特征及无机矿物组分研究[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2025, 45(11): 3294-3300.
JIA Jin-zhang, XING Ying-huan. Characteristics of Microcrystalline Structure Evolution and Inorganic Mineral Components of Coals With Different Metamorphic Degrees. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2025, 45(11): 3294-3300.

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