Investigation of a Typical Dust Pollution Process in Jiuquan Based on an Aerosol Lidar and Multi-Source Data
WANG Sui-chan1, SUN Lin-hua2, GAO Peng1, JI Cheng-li3, ZHANG Shuai4*
1. Gansu Meteorological Information and Technical Equipment Support Center, Lanzhou 730020, China
2. Lanzhou Resources & Environment Voc-Tech University, Lanzhou 730123, China
3. Meteorological Observation Centre, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing 100081, China
4. Hefei Institute of Technology Innovation Engineering, Hefei 230088, China
Abstract：To investigate the pollution characteristics, transmission pathways, and potential source regions of sandstorm weather in Jiuquan City, this study utilized monitoring data from ground-based air quality stations, meteorological stations, and atmospheric aerosol lidar, as well as ERA5 reanalysis datasets. The present study employed a combination of the backward trajectory HYSPLIT model and the potential source contribution factor (PSCF) analysis method to investigate a typical sandstorm event that occurred in May 2024. The findings indicate that coarse particulate matter had a substantial impact on the dust storm, with an average PM2.5/PM10 ratio of 0.24. The impact of the duststorm in question can be divided into three distinct stages, as evidenced by the observations made at ground-based air stations. These stages are as follows: the pre-pollution stage, the significant impact stage (during which there was a duststorm impact), and the pollution dissipation stage. During the period of significant impact, the mean concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 at ground-based air stations were 415.3 and 3 425.9 μg·m-3, respectively, with the duststorm persisting for a duration of 13 hours. The vertical observation results of atmospheric aerosol lidar showed that the dust cloud was primarily distributed below 3 km in altitude, exhibiting a distinct low-altitude transport characteristic. The extinction coefficient and depolarization ratio of the dust exhibited an initial increase, subsequently followed by a decrease, during the process of dust transport and dissipation. During the period of significant impact, the extinction coefficient of the dust cloud ranged from 1.0 to 4.6 km-1, and the depolarization ratio ranged from 0.30 to 0.36. The findings of the meteorological investigation suggest that this sandstorm was predominantly triggered by the synergistic impact of a low-pressure trough in the upper atmosphere and low-level wind fields, with the prevailing easterly winds acting as the primary agent responsible for the rapid transportation of sand and dust to Jiuquan City. Research conducted on the transport pathways and potential source regions indicates that the sand and dust predominantly originated from the east (accounting for 66.13%) and northwest (accounting for 24.19%) directions. Potential source regions include the Badain Jaran Desert and the Kumtag Desert, among others, with the Badain Jaran Desert contributing the most significantly to dust transmission to Jiuquan City. The present study provides a scientific basis for the prevention, control, and early warning of dust pollution in Jiuquan City.
Key words：Dust weather; Aerosol lidar; Vertical distribution; Transportation path and potential source area
王遂缠，孙林花，高 鹏，季承荔，张 帅. 基于激光雷达等多源数据探究酒泉市一次典型沙尘污染过程[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2025, 45(11): 3072-3080.
WANG Sui-chan, SUN Lin-hua, GAO Peng, JI Cheng-li, ZHANG Shuai. Investigation of a Typical Dust Pollution Process in Jiuquan Based on an Aerosol Lidar and Multi-Source Data. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2025, 45(11): 3072-3080.
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