寒窑子草场透闪石玉的谱学特征及产地特征研究

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2025)04-0971-09

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摘要：寒窑子草场玉矿遗址于2014年被发掘调查，出土有陶片、石器和玉料等，具有重要的宝石学和考古价值。为了丰富中国透闪石玉数据库，为以后出土玉器的溯源工作提供更为准确的数据支撑，以寒窑子草场实地采集的38件透闪石玉料为研究对象，采用常规宝石学测试、红外光谱及拉曼光谱对样品进行测试，其中红外光谱仪和拉曼光谱仪可以快速确定样品的化学成分以及杂质矿物，结果显示样品基质为标准透闪石，杂质矿物有榍石、无定形碳。通过激光剥蚀-电感耦合等离子体质谱法（LA-ICP-MS）对样品的主量及微量元素进行定性、定量分析，结合已报道的球粒陨石数据对样品的稀土元素数据进行标准化处理，得到系列参数，其中∑REE值为0.40～14.28，均值3.46，稀土元素总丰度整体偏低；LREE/HREE值为0.21～17.91，均值2.69，有轻微的富轻稀土现象，REE配分图呈走势较为平缓的“海鸥状”；δEu值为0～3.3，均值0.58，Eu为负异常；Ce无明显异常，寒窑子透闪石玉与其他产地在REE配分模式上有特征性差异。结合西北矿区新疆、青海、甘肃马衔山透闪石玉的微量元素蛛网图可进一步区分，寒窑子透闪石玉U的富集程度明显高于其他产地。最后，利用SPSS软件中的判别分析方法，对西北矿区透闪石玉的微量元素进行投点，结果显示判别正确率均达到100%，交叉正确率分别为99.4%、98.3%，证明寒窑子草场透闪石玉与其他地区透闪石玉区分明显，建立的产地判别模型可用于后续出土玉器的溯源研究中。

关键词：透闪石玉；寒窑子草场；谱学特征；稀土元素；微量元素；产地溯源

Abstract：The Hanyaozi Grassland Jade Mine site was excavated and surveyed in 2014, yielding pottery shards, stone tools, and jade materials, which possess significant gemological and archaeological value. To enrich the database of Chinese nephrite and provide more accurate data support for future studies on the analysis of unearthed jade artifacts, this paper takes 38 pieces of tremolite jade collected in Hanyaozi grassland as the research object. Conventional gemological tests, as well as infrared and Raman spectroscopy, were conducted on the samples. Infrared and Raman spectroscopy instruments can rapidly determine the samples' chemical composition and impurity minerals. The results indicate that the samples are standard tremolite, with impurity minerals including sphene and amorphous carbon. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the samples' major and trace elements were conducted using Laser Ablation-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS). The samples' rare earth element (REE) data were standardized using reported data from chondritic meteorites, resulting in a series of parameters. The ∑REE values ranged from 0.40 to 14.28, with a mean of 3.46, indicating an overall low abundance of rare earth elements. The LREE/HREE values ranged from 0.21 to 17.91, with a mean of 2.69, suggesting a slight enrichment of light rare earth elements. The REE distribution pattern exhibited a relatively flat “seagull-shaped” trend. The δEu values ranged from 0 to 3.3, with a mean of 0.58, indicating a negative Eu anomaly. Ce showed no significant anomalies. The tremolite jade from Hanjiaozi exhibited characteristic differences in REE distribution patterns compared to tremolite jade from other origins. Combining the spiderweb diagrams of trace elements of tremolite jade from the northwest mining area can further differentiate them. The uranium enrichment level (U) in Hanyaozi tremolite jade is significantly higher than in other origins. Finally, employing discriminant analysis methods in SPSS software, the trace elements of the tremolite jade in the northwest mining area were used to establish a discriminant model of origin. The results demonstrated a 100% accuracy rate in discrimination, with cross-validation rates of 98.3% respectively, affirming the distinctiveness of Hanyaozi Grassland tremolite jade from other origins. The established origin discrimination model can be utilized in subsequent provenance studies of unearthed jade artifacts.

Key words：Tremolite jade;Hanyaozi Grassland;Spectroscopy characteristic;Rare earth element;Trace elements;Origin identification

收稿日期: 2024-03-20 修订日期: 2024-09-06

中图分类号:

O657.3

基金资助: 国家重点研发基金项目（2018YFF0215403）资助

通讯作者: 杨明星 E-mail: yangc@cug.edu.cn

作者简介: 于璇，女，1997年生，中国地质大学（武汉）珠宝学院硕士研究生 e-mail: 250511590@qq.com

引用本文:

于璇，刘继富，杨明星. 寒窑子草场透闪石玉的谱学特征及产地特征研究[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2025, 45(04): 971-979.
YU Xuan, LIU Ji-fu, YANG Ming-xing. Study on Spectroscopy and Locality Characteristics of the Tremolite Jade in Hanyaozi Grassland. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2025, 45(04): 971-979.

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