对上庙墓地出土西周早期纺织遗痕的红外光谱和显微分析

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2023)02-0503-05

Abstract
References
Related Citation (15)

Download: PDF (14348 KB)
Export: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

Abstract In order to study the three textiles P1, J1 and J2 on the bronze blister and the bronze mirror from the early Western Zhou Dynasty unearthed from the shangmiao cemeteries of Xitou site, Xunyi County, Shaanxi Province, the structures of textiles were analyzed by Infrared Spectrometer, Three-dimensional Video Microscope System and Scanning Electron Microscope. It is found that there are obvious peaks near 1 434 cm^-1 due to the bending vibration of CH₂ in cellulose and lignin; 1 080 and 1 033 cm^-1, due to the stretching vibration of C—O ether bond in glucose ring in cellulose; J1 and J2 show a peak near the wave number of 898 cm^-1, which is the characteristic absorption vibration band of D-glucoside bond. A peak appears in the region of 1 645~1 610 cm^-1, which is the overlapping absorption peak of conjugated carbonyl and the C═C stretching vibration of lignin. These characteristic peaks are consistent with the infrared absorption spectra of hemp fibers, so it can be inferred that the three textile traces are hemp textiles. The observation shows that the surface of these fibers is rough, their radial shape is cylindrical and flat, and the cross-section is triangular and oval, similar to hemp. It is suggested that they are hemp products. The textile density on the bronze blister is 23×25 pieces·cm^-2, the fabric of bronze mirror is loose, which are 13×6 pieces·cm^-2 and 13 pieces·cm^-2×14 pieces·cm^-2. It is found that there are significant differences in the warp and weft diameter data of these three textiles, which should be the result of different use of warp and weft. According to the above analysis results, due to the differences in tomb specification, the fabric on the bronze blister is finer than that on the mirror, and the weaving density of the two kinds of fabrics on the mirror is quite different. According to the location of their attachment, it can be inferred that J2 is for wrapping, J1 is for padding during burial, and the mirror is placed face down during burial. During the Shang and Zhou dynasties, hemp crops were widely used by the people who belonged to the cemetery, and the textile level was mature; At the same time, it is precise because of the attachment of these textiles to bronze that the antibacterial effect of copper ions and the custom of wrapping bronzes with textiles enable them to be preserved so far.

Key words：Xitou site; Textile; Infrared spectrum analysis; Microscopic analysis

Received: 2021-09-01 Accepted: 2022-04-27

ZTFLH:

K854.2

Corresponding Authors: YANG Lu E-mail: yanglu@nwu.edu.cn

Cite this article:

GE Ruo-chen,YANG Lu,DOU Hai-feng, et al. Infrared Spectra and Microscopic Analysis of Textiles From the Early Western Zhou Dynasty Unearthed in Shangmiao Cemetery[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(02): 503-507.

URL:

https://www.gpxygpfx.com/EN/10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2023)02-0503-05 OR https://www.gpxygpfx.com/EN/Y2023/V43/I02/503

[1] School of Cultural Heritage，Northwest University，Shaanxi Academy of Archaeology，The Culfural Relics and Tourism Bureau of Xunyi County（西北大学文化遗产学院，陕西省考古研究院，旬邑县文物旅游局）. Steppe Cultural Relics（草原文物），2020，(1)：16.
[2] SHAO Hui-qiu，ZHANG Wen-shan（邵会秋，张文珊）. Research of China’s Frontier Archaeology（边疆考古研究），2020，(2)：159.
[3] DOU Hai-feng（豆海锋）. Western Archaeology（西部考古），2017，(1): 17.
[4] SONG Xin-chao（宋新潮）. Archaeology（考古）, 1997，(2)：29.
[5] Compilation group of “Introduction to the Protection and Restoration of Textile Cultural Relics”（《纺织品文物保护修复概论》编写组）. Introduction to the Protection and Restoration of Textile Cultural Relics（纺织品文物保护修复概论）. Beijing：Heritage Publishing House（北京：文物出版社），2019.
[6] LI Lei（李蕾）. Textile Auxiliaries（印染助剂），2015，(4)：5.
[7] WANG Xue，LIU Huan，LI Zhi-tong（王雪，刘欢，李志通）. Progress in Textile Science & Technology（纺织科技进展），2015，(5)：62.
[8] YANG Lu，HUANG Jian-hua，SHEN Mao-sheng，et al（杨璐，黄建华，申茂盛，等）. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis（光谱学与光谱分析），2020，40(11)：309.
[9] NAN Pu-heng，JIN Pu-jun（南普恒, 金普军）. Journal of Chinese Electron Microscopy Society（电子显微学报），2011，(1)：57.
[10] WANG Xiao-xia，HOU Bin，WANG Zheng-de，et al（王晓霞，侯斌，王正德，等）. Light and Textile Industry and Technology（轻纺工业与技术），2013，42(5)：105.
[11] Robert D. Dernnan. Statistics for Archaeologists. Springer US，2009.
[12] GE Jin（葛今）. Cultural Relics（文物），1972，(7)：5.
[13] GAO Han-yu, WANG Ren-cao, CHEN Yun-chang（高汉玉，王任曹，陈云昌）. Cultural Relics（文物），1979，(6)：44.
[14] SONG Jian-zhong，NAN Pu-heng（宋建忠，南普恒）. Cultural Relics（文物），2012，(3)：79.
[15] MA Ying，YANG Yi-min，SONG Jian-zhong，et al（马颖，杨益民，宋建忠，等）. Cultural Relics of Central China（中原文物），2009，(1)：102.
[16] CHEN Qing-qi（陈清奇）. Plant Fiber Sciences in China（我国古代麻类作物的利用和分布），1983，(1)：38.
[17] CHEN Si-yuan，FU Wen-bin，LIU Jia-qi，et al（陈思源，傅文彬，刘嘉祺，等）. Cultural Relics in Southern China（南方文物），2019，(1)：103.
[18] ZHAO Feng（赵丰）. Textile Archaeology（纺织考古）. Beijing：Heritage Publishing House（北京：文物出版社），2007.
[19] CHEN Juan-juan（陈娟娟）. Cultural Relics（文物），1979，(12)：70.
[20] WANG Ruo-yu（王若愚）. Cultural Relics（文物），1979，(6)：51.
[21] YIN Yin-suo，YANG Chun-guang，WANG Dong-hui（殷银锁，杨春光，王东辉）. China Medical Engineering（中国医学工程），2013，(10)：187.
[22] JIANG Jian-qing，ZHANG Shui-long，YANG Xin-yong，et al（蒋建清，章水龙，杨新勇，等）. Advanced Textile Technology（现代纺织技术），2020，(1)：27.
[23] TIAN Yan-hong，WANG Jian-kun，YANG Ju-hua，et al（田艳红，王建坤，杨菊花，等）. Journal of Textile Research（纺织学报），2015，36(12)：79.