矿山尾矿中微量银元素快速检测方法的研究

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2017)07-2242-04

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摘要：针对矿山尾矿中微量银元素测定的技术难题，提出了一种基于超短光路原理的能量色散X荧光能谱快速检测的方法。提高元素测量分辨率，提高样品分析效率，降低光管功率，延长仪器使用寿命。能谱系统优化了滤片以及探测器屏蔽物等设计，准直器采用对X射线基本无散射的聚四氟乙烯，达到微量银元素的检测要求。实际尾矿测试中，银的检出限达到0.1 mg·kg^-1，RSD在0.1%～2.6%之间，准确度在87%～115%之间。对比尾矿、原矿及精矿的检测实验，证明了在能量色散X荧光能谱中引入超短光路设计方法，能够提升系统峰/本底比，满足微量银元素的检测要求。

关键词：矿山尾矿；微量银元素；能量色散X荧光能谱；超短光路

Abstract：Aiming at addressing the technical difficulties in the determination of trace silver in mine tailings, an energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence energy spectrum method based on ultra short optical path is proposed. It improves the measurement resolution of the elements, the efficiency of sample analysis and reduces the power of the light tube. What’s more, it extends the service life of the instrument. Energy spectrum system optimized filter, detector shielding design. Besides, since Teflon has no X-ray scattering as collimator , the detection of trace elements for silver is achieved. In actual tailings test, silver detection limit is up to 1 mg·kg^-1. RSD is between 0.1 percent and 2.6 percent while accuracy is between 115% and 87%. With the comparison of tailings, ore and concentrate test experiment, it is proved that the energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrum which introduced in the method of ultra short optical path can enhance the system peak/background ratio and satisfy the requirement of the detection of trace element.

Key words：Mine tailings; Trace silver; EDXRF; Ultra short optical path

收稿日期: 2016-11-29 修订日期: 2017-03-10

中图分类号:

O434.1

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目(11675028)，国家重点研发计划重点专项(2016YFC1402505)资助

通讯作者: 喻杰 E-mail: 1046761862@qq.com

作者简介: 周伟，1979年生，成都理工大学核技术学院副教授 e-mail： zhouwei@cdut.edu.cn

引用本文:

周伟，喻杰，周建斌，万文杰，马英杰，许助，费鹏. 矿山尾矿中微量银元素快速检测方法的研究[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2017, 37(07): 2242-2245.
ZHOU Wei, YU Jie, ZHOU Jian-bin, WAN Wen-jie, MA Ying-jie, XU Zhu, FEI Peng. Rapid Detection Method of Trace Silver in Mine Tailings. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2017, 37(07): 2242-2245.

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