College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, MOA, Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, MOE，Beijing 100193, China
摘要： 肥料是重金属的重要污染源之一，重金属可以通过作物直接进入人类食物链对人体产生危害，研究肥料中重金属含量对于农产品安全溯源意义重大。文章选用北京市场上销售的进口KCl肥料作为实验材料，全面分析了其中的10种重金属元素含量,分别为，Cr 0.00, Ni 65.54, Cu 238.85, As 190.60, Cd 0.98, Sn 14.98, Sb 2.97, Hg 10.04, Tl 1.28, Pb 97.42 ng·g-1。上述结果表明，KCl肥料中重金属含量普遍比较低，特别是Cr没有检测到，其余四中主要重金属(As, Cd, Hg, Pb)的含量除了As (190.60 ng·g-1)以外，也都在100 ng·g-1以下，不会对土壤环境造成重大污染，含量最高的重金属是Cu，为238.85 ng·g-1。由此看来，KCl肥料与磷肥相比重金属含量较低，对农产品是相对安全的。
关键词：ICP-MS;KCl肥料;重金属;环境安全
Abstract：With the rapid development of society, more and more attention has been focused on environmental safety, especially on the pollutions of heavy metals, pesticides, persistent organic pollutants and deleterious microorganism. Heavy metals are difficult to metabolize in human body are quite harmful, so research on the pollution of heavy metals is increasingly important. There are many pollution sources of heavy metals, including waste residue, waste water and exhaust gas from industry and automobile, and garbage from human life. The contents of 10 kinds of heavy metals (Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, Sn, Sb, Hg, Tl and Pb) in potassium fertilizer (KCl) from Russia were analyzed by ICP-MS. The results showed that potassium fertilizer (KCl) contained less heavy metals than organic-inorganic compound fertilizer; the content of heavy metals Cr, Ni, Cu, As, Cd, Sn, Sb, Hg, Tl and Pb is 0.00, 65.54,238.85, 190.60, 0.98, 14.98,2.97, 10.04, 1.28 and 97.42 ng·g-1,respectively, which accords with the correlative standards. All the data showed that if potassium fertilizer (KCl) is manufactured through normal channel, the content of heavy metals should be little and safe.
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