不同LED光质对枳壳幼苗生长发育的影响

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李思静, 易晓曈, 李有芳, 王君秀, 凌丽俐, 彭良志. 不同LED光质对枳壳幼苗生长发育的影响[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2018,38(3): 708-714.
LI Si-jing, YI Xiao-tong, LI You-fang, WANG Jun-xiu, LING Li-li, PENG Liang-zhi. Effects of Different LED Light Qualities on the Growth of Trifoliate Orange Seedlings[J]. Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis, 2018,38(3): 708-714.
Doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2018)03-0708-07 复制到剪切板

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不同LED光质对枳壳幼苗生长发育的影响

李思静^1,², 易晓曈^1,², 李有芳^1,², 王君秀^1,², 凌丽俐^1,^2,^*, 彭良志^1,²

1. 西南大学柑桔研究所, 国家柑桔工程技术研究中心, 重庆 400712

2. 中国农业科学院柑橘研究所, 重庆 400712

*通讯联系人 e-mail: linglili@cric.cn

作者简介: 李思静, 1993年生, 西南大学柑桔研究所, 国家柑桔工程技术研究中心硕士研究生 e-mail: 397214754@qq.com

收稿日期: 2017-07-12

基金: 现代农业(柑桔)产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-27-04B), 重庆市社会民生科技创新专项(cstc2016shmszx80004), 西南大学基本科研业务费专项(XDJK2016C023)资助

摘要

重庆是全国唯一的柑橘黄龙病非疫区及首创“柑橘良种无病毒三级繁育体系”的产区。但是, 由于重庆年均日照时数少且年内分配不均, 使其柑橘育苗周期显著长于其他产区, 严重制约了重庆柑橘苗木产业的发展速度。利用新型节能光源发光二极管(LED)进行秋冬季补光, 可缩短柑橘育苗周期, 加快优质无毒柑橘新品苗木的繁育。为了阐明不同LED光质及配比对枳壳幼苗生长发育的影响, 以砂培枳壳幼苗为试验材料, 采用6种LED光处理(红光、蓝光、红蓝1:1、红蓝4:1、红黄蓝4:1:1 和白光), 统计、测定了植株的表型和生物量指标, 为缩短柑橘砧木及新品种苗木繁育周期提供理论和实验依据。结果表明: 与荧光灯相比较, 不同的LED复合光均显著促进了根伸长、茎增粗(除红蓝1:1外)、叶变窄; LED红蓝1:1和红蓝4:1复合光抑制茎伸长、叶片数形成, 促进叶增厚, 且后者的叶长被促进、叶面积增大; 而红黄蓝4:1:1复合光促进茎伸长、叶形成、叶伸长、叶变薄和叶面积增大。相对于单色光来说LED白光及高比例红光的复合光更有利于枳壳幼苗物质合成以及其地上、地下物质分配量; 且LED红黄蓝4:1:1复合光下枳壳幼苗地上部分的生物量最大, 而根冠比最小。因此, LED红黄蓝4:1:1复合光最适宜于枳壳幼苗的物质合成与地上部分生长, 可为光照不足季节或地区(特别是重庆地区)柑橘苗木的LED精准补光技术构建提供理论依据。

关键词: 枳壳; LED; 光质; 生长发育; 生物量

中图分类号:S628 文献标志码:A

Effects of Different LED Light Qualities on the Growth of Trifoliate Orange Seedlings

LI Si-jing^1,², YI Xiao-tong^1,², LI You-fang^1,², WANG Jun-xiu^1,², LING Li-li^1,^2,^*, PENG Liang-zhi^1,²

1. Citrus Research Insititute, Southweast University, National Citrus Engineering Reseach Center, Chongqing 400712, China

2. Citrus Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chongqing 400712, China

Abstract

Chongqing, the only non-endemic area of Huanglong disease, has been established firstly virus-free three-stage breeding system for quality Citrus variety in China. However, that the annual sunshine hours in Chongqing are few and unevenly distributed during the year prolongs the growth period in Citrus seedlings compared to other’s Citrus plantation areas. Therefore, this seriously restricts the developing speed of citrus nursery industry in Chongqing. Recently, the light emitting diode (LED) has been used as supplementary lighting to cultivate Citrus during the autumn and winter that can shorten the growth period of citrus seedling and accelerate the virus-free breeding of new variety. In order to investigate the effects of different LED light qualities on their seedlings growth, trifoliate orange ( Poncirus trifoliata L. Raf) in sand culture were selected as materials. 2-month-old seedlings were exposed to 150 μmol·m^-2·s^-1 irradiance for a 16 h·d^-1 photoperiod under white fluorescent lamp (FL) and the following six LED light, respectively: red light (R), blue light(B), 1:1 ratio of red/blue (RB 1:1), 4:1 ratio of red/blue (RB 4:1), 4:1:1 ratio of red/yellow/blue (RYB 4:1:1), white light (W). Their phenotypic and biomass indices were measured. Results showed that roots of seedlings were significantly longer, stem diameters (excluding RB 1:1) were wider and leaves were narrower under composite LED light treatments than those under fluorescent lamp treatement. Compared with fluorescent lamp treatment, stem elongation were inhibited, along with decrease in leaf numbers and increase leaf thickness under RB 1:1 and RB 4:1 treatments, under which leaf length and area were increased. Furthermore, stem elongation, leaf number and leaf length increased, while leaf area enlarged, and leaf thickness decreased under RYB 4:1:1 treatment in comparison with fluorescent lamp treatment. Dry matter accumulation and biomass distribution of shoot and root were better under white LED light and high ratio red LED light treatments than those under monochromatic light treatments, particularly with the greatest shoot biomass and the minimum root/shoot ratio under RYB 4:1:1 treatment. So, it is concluded that RYB 4:1:1 treatment is the best choice for the matter accumulation and shoot growth of trifoliate orange seedlings. This can offer the theoretical evidence for the accurate supplemental lighting system on the season or area of lack light, especially in Chongqing.

Keyword: Trifoliate orange; LED; Light quality; Growth; Biomass

文章图片

引言

目前, 随着柑橘黄龙病疫情的迅猛蔓延以及优质杂柑新品种的大力推广, 国内柑橘市场对优质无毒的柑橘苗木需求量急剧增加, 导致柑橘苗木价格飙升、甚至脱销。作为全国唯一的柑橘黄龙病非疫区及首创“ 柑橘良种无病毒三级繁育体系” 的产区, 重庆柑桔脱毒苗木繁育产业与其他产区相比具有较强的竞争优势。但是, 由于重庆年均日照时数少且年内分配不均, 使其柑橘育苗周期显著长于其他产区, 严重制约了重庆柑橘苗木产业的发展速度。为了缩短柑橘育苗周期, 加快优质无毒的柑橘新品苗木的繁育, 秋冬季补光就成为一种必然的技术选择。由于白炽灯、荧光灯和高压钠灯等传统人工光源为连续复合光谱, 无法对红蓝光质比等光参数进行精准调控、光利用率较低, 因此在现代农业生产和科学研究上的应用受到显著的限制。发光二极管(LED)光源是近年来发展起来的新型节能光源, 具有光谱可调、光利用效率高、功率转换效率大、可控性好、环保等优点, 从而成为研究光质对植物生长发育影响的新宠。枳壳(Trifoliate orange L. Raf )作为我国重要的砧木品种, 具有适应性强、耐涝、抗线虫、果实品质优良等优点。然而, 在重庆枳壳砧木柑橘苗木的育苗周期最长可达2年。本工作以枳壳为实验材料, 研究不同光质的LED光源对其幼苗生长发育的影响, 筛选出有效的LED光质, 为缩短柑橘砧木及新品种苗木繁育周期提供理论和实验依据。

1 实验部分

1.1 光源

试验光源为重庆市光电材料与器件协同创新中心研制的新型LED植物生长光源。试验设置7个处理(图1和图2), 分别为对照白色荧光灯(CK)、 LED红光(R)、 LED蓝光(B)、 LED 1红/1蓝光(RB 1: 1)、 LED 4红/1蓝光(RB 4: 1)、 LED4红/1黄光/1蓝(RYB 4: 1: 1)及LED白光(W)。光强设置为150 μ mol· m^-1· s^-1。

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	图1 不同LED光质的光谱图Fig.1 Spectral component and light intensity of each treatment

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	图2 不同LED光质的实验图Fig.2 The LED treatmnets

1.2 材料

试验于西南大学柑桔研究所脐橙课题组光照培养室内进行。供试品种为枳壳(Trifoliate orange L. Raf)。于2016年5月15日将种子消毒并剥除内外种皮后催芽。待枳壳根系长至约1 cm时, 将其种植在石英砂和珍珠岩(体积比1: 1)混合的基质中。光照培养2个月后, 选取长势一致的幼苗移栽至7个盆栽箱中, 每箱40株, 缓苗10天后进行7个不同LED光质处理。试验期间每隔3天轮换浇灌一次200 mL营养液或蒸馏水。营养液采用改良的Hoagland和Aron配方营养液: 3.0 mmol· L^-1 Ca(NO₃)₂· 4H₂O, 0.63 mmol· L^-1 KNO₃, 0.5 mmol· L^-1 NH₄NO₃, 0.5 mmol· L^-1 KH₂PO₄, 1.0 mmol· L^-1 MgSO₄, 25 μ mol· L^-1 FeSO₄-EDTA, 13.8 μ mol· L^-1 H₃BO₃, 12 μ mol· L^-1 MnSO₄· 4H₂O, 3.8 μ mol· L^-1 ZnSO₄· 7H₂O, 0.7 μ mol· L^-1 CuSO₄· 5H₂O, 2 μ mol· L^-1 Na₂MoO₄, 营养液pH调为6.0~5.5。培养室的温度为(25± 2) ℃, 光周期为16/8 h。 2个月后测定不同LED光质处理植株的生长发育参数。

1.3 生长发育参数测定

每个处理组选取20株枳壳幼苗, 测定株高、茎粗; 统计植株叶片数, 用Yaxin-1241叶面积仪(北京雅欣理仪科技有限公司, 中国)测定倒数第3叶的叶面积、叶长和叶宽, 并用测微尺测量叶厚度; 用WinRHIZO软件系统(Regent Instruments Canada INC., 加拿大)测量单株枳壳幼苗的根系总长度; 将植株清洗、阴干后用电子天平称取鲜重, 然后将植株地上部分和地下部分于105 ℃杀青30 min、 75 ℃烘干24 h后称得干重, 计算得到干鲜重比=干重/鲜重, 根冠比=地下部分干重/地上部分干重。

1.4 数据分析

采用Microsoft Excel 2010和SPSSl8.0软件对数据进行处理和分析, 采用“ Duncan” 法进行差异性比较, 显著水平为0.05。

2 结果与讨论

2.1 根的生长变化

由图3可知, 不同LED光质显著促进了枳壳幼苗根系的生长。与对照组相比较, W, RYB 4: 1: 1, RB 4: 1, RB 1: 1, B和R组的根长分别增加了61.1%(p< 0.05), 37.4%(p< 0.05), 62.9%(p< 0.05), 41.1%(p< 0.05), 27.4%(p< 0.05)和18.7%(p> 0.05)。

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	图3 枳壳幼苗根长的变化Fig.3 The change of LED’ s light qualities on root of Trifoliate orange seedling

2.2 茎的生长变化

由图4(a)可知, 不同LED光质导致枳壳幼苗茎长产生显著的差异。 RYB 4: 1: 1和W组幼苗的茎长被促进, 其株高分别比对照高9.7%(p< 0.05)和0.6%(p> 0.05); 而RB 4: 1, B, RB 1: 1和R组幼苗的茎长被抑制, 株高分别比对照矮4.1%(p> 0.05)和2.2%(p> 0.05), 7.9%(p< 0.05)和20.1%(p< 0.05)。

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	图4 枳壳幼苗株高和茎宽的变化 (a): 枳壳幼苗株高; (b): 枳壳幼苗经宽Fig.4 The change of LED’ s light qualities on plant height and stem diameter of Trifoliate orange seedling (a): The plant height of Trifoliate orange seedling; (b): The stem diameter of Trifoliate orange seedling

由图4(b)可知, 除RB1: 1组外, 其余LED光质处理组枳壳幼苗的茎均呈变粗趋势。 W, RYB 4: 1: 1, RB 4: 1, RB 1: 1, B, R和RB 1: 1组的茎宽分别比对照宽15.4%(p< 0.05), 11.4%(p< 0.05), 9.1%(p< 0.05), 10.6%(p< 0.05), 7.5%(p< 0.05)和3.3%(p> 0.05)。

2.3 叶的生长变化

由图5(a)可知, 除RYB 4: 1: 1组外, 其余LED光质处理组幼苗叶的形成被抑制。与对照相较, W, RB 4: 1, RB 1: 1, B和R组的幼苗叶片数分别降低了2.5%(p> 0.05), 16%(p< 0.05), 17.6%(p< 0.05), 4.3%(p> 0.05)和26.7%(p< 0.05); 而RYB 4: 1: 1组幼苗叶片数比对照多0.9%(p> 0.05)。

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图5 枳壳幼苗叶生长的变化
(a): 枳壳幼苗叶片数; (b): 枳壳幼苗叶片长度; (c): 枳壳幼苗叶片厚度; (d): 枳壳幼苗叶片宽度; (e): 枳壳幼苗叶片面积Fig.5 The change of LED’ s light qualities on leaves of Trifoliate orange seedling
(a): The leaf number of Trifoliate orange seedling; (b): The leaf length of Trifoliate orange seedling; (c): The leaf thickness of Trifoliate orange seedling; (d): The leaf width of Trifoliate orange seedling; (e): The leaf area of Trifoliate orange seedling

由图5(b)和(c)可知, W, RYB 4: 1: 1, RB 4: 1, RB 1: 1和B组的叶长被抑制, 其叶长分别比对照短18.0%(p< 0.05), 2.7%(p> 0.05), 11.9%(p< 0.05), 30.1(p< 0.05)和42.9(p< 0.05); 而R组则比对照高出1.9%(p> 0.05)。 W, RB 1: 1和B组的叶宽分别比对照窄2.1%(p> 0.05), 21.4%(p< 0.05)和28.2%(p< 0.05); 而RYB 4: 1: 1, RB 4: 1和R组叶宽分别比对照长15.3%(p< 0.05), 6.9%(p< 0.05)和11.5%(p< 0.05)。

由图5(d)可知, RYB 4: 1: 1和R组叶厚度显著变薄, 均比对照薄了11.8%(p< 0.05), 而W, RB 4: 1, RB 1: 1和B组叶厚度显著变厚, 分别比对照厚11.8%, 5.9%, 5.9%和23.5%, 差异达显著水平(p< 0.05)。

由图5(e)可知, 不同LED光质对枳壳幼苗叶面积发育的作用产生了显著的差异。与对照相较, W, RYB 4: 1: 1, RB4: 1和R组的幼苗叶面积被促进, 分别增大了6.3%, 41.8%, 7.7%和28.1%, 而RB 1: 1和B组的幼苗叶面积被抑制, 分别减小了32.7%和44.1%, 差异达显著水平(p< 0.05)。

2.4 生物量的变化

由图6(a)和(b)可知, 除R组外, 其余LED光质处理组的幼苗鲜重和干重均被促进。与对照相较, W, RYB 4: 1: 1, RB 4: 1, RB 1: 1和B组单株鲜重分别比对照重49.3%(p< 0.05), 37.2%(p< 0.05), 35.3%(p< 0.05), 19.2%(p> 0.05)和8.3%(p> 0.05), 干重分别比对照重43.6%(p< 0.05), 41.0%(p< 0.05), 36.3%(p< 0.05), 16.6%(p> 0.05)和15.2%(p> 0.05); 而R组单株鲜重、干重分比对照轻10.1%和0.9%, 差异不显著(p> 0.05)。

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	图6 枳壳幼苗干重的变化 (a): 枳壳幼苗鲜重; (b): 枳壳幼苗干重; (c): 枳壳幼苗的干重/鲜重比Fig.6 The change of light qualities on the fresh and dry weight of Trifoliate orange seedling (a): The fresh weight of Trifoliate orange seedling; (b): The dry weight of Trifoliate orange seedling; (c): The dry weight/fresh weight of Trifoliate orange seedling

由图6(c)可知, 与对照相比较, LED光质处理组的干鲜比差异都不显著(p> 0.05)。

由图7(a)可知, 不同LED光质均促进了枳壳幼苗地下部分干物质的积累。 W, RYB 4: 1: 1, RB 4: 1, RB 1: 1, B, R组地下部分干重分别比对照重76.7%(p< 0.05), 57.8%(p< 0.05), 59.9%(p< 0.05), 51.1%(p< 0.05), 31.5%(p< 0.05)和29.2%(p< 0.05)。

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图7 枳壳幼苗地上部分和地下部分生物量的变化
(a): 枳壳幼苗地下部分干重; (b): 枳壳幼苗地上部分干重; (c): 枳壳幼苗根冠比值Fig.7 The change of light qualities on the shoot dry weight and root dry weight of Trifoliate orange seedling
(a): The root dry weight of Trifoliate orange seedling; (b): The shoot dry weight of Trifoliate orange seedling; (c): Root/shoot ratio of Trifoliate orange seedling

由图7(b)可知, 不同LED光质对枳壳幼苗地上部分生物量积累的差异显著。 W, RYB 4: 1: 1, RB 4: 1和B组地上部分干重被促进, 分别比对照重23.0%(p< 0.05), 30.5%(p< 0.05), 22.5%(p< 0.05)和5.0%(p> 0.05), 而RB 1: 1和R地上部分干重比对照轻5.0%(p> 0.05)和19.6%(p< 0.05); 枳壳幼苗根冠比值见图7(c)。

2.5 不同光质对枳壳幼苗生长和形态建成的影响

光质可直接影响植物的组织和器官分化, 制约各器官的生长速度和发育, 对植物生长和形态建成产生显著的影响。已有的研究表明, 不同单色光对不同植物根、茎、叶生长发育的影响存在显著的差异。红光能显著促进花生苗期主侧根伸长、侧根形成、根系活力增强; 蓝光也能促进烟草侧根伸长, 但是显著抑制侧根的形成; 而黄光和绿光均导致根系生长显著被抑制^{[1, 2]}。蓝光导致番茄^[3]和黄瓜^[4]茎的伸长被抑制, 却能显著促进烟草茎的伸长^[2]。红光能促进黄瓜^[4]和生菜^[5]幼苗叶面积增加, 而蓝光会降低黄瓜和烟草幼苗叶面积。本研究表明, 与荧光灯相较, LED红光和蓝光均显著促进枳壳幼苗根伸长、茎增粗, 而显著抑制茎伸长; 对于叶来说, 红光显著抑制枳壳幼苗叶片形成, 叶片数和叶厚度显著降低, 但是其叶面积显著增大; 虽然蓝光对幼苗叶片形成无显著影响, 但是叶厚度显著增大、叶面积显著降低。因此, LED红、蓝单色光对枳壳幼苗生长和形态建成的综合作用并不凸显。有研究发现, 植物叶面积大小与叶片内IAA(吲哚乙酸)含量成正比, 茎秆伸长则与茎秆内GA(赤霉素)含量显著正相关。红光显著促进黄瓜叶片内IAA 含量的增加, 而蓝光显著抑制IAA积累^[7]; 红、蓝单色光比白色荧光灯更能促进番茄株高的生长, 且促进其幼苗茎秆内GA含量的增加^[6]。因此, LED红、蓝单色光对枳壳幼苗茎叶生长和形态建成的影响也可能主要与激素GA和IAA的合成变化有关。

与单色光相比, 红蓝复合光更有利于植物的形态建成, 且部分植株的表现优于白光。尽管不同植物生长发育对单色光的响应存在显著差异, 但是复合光对植物生长发育的促进作用显著。 LED白光可促进番茄^[9]幼苗地下部的生长; 红蓝复合光能促进秋葵^[10]和油菜^[11]幼苗根系生长, 促进番茄幼苗茎伸长、增粗, 且高比例红光会导致生菜叶面积增大、叶比重增加^[5]; 而红黄蓝复合光会导致菊花试管苗叶面积显著大于白色荧光和红蓝光^[12]。进一步研究发现, 复合光比单色光更有利于植株体内激素含量的增加, LED红蓝6: 1复合光比红、蓝单色光更能促进不结球白菜IAA、 GA、脱落酸(ABA)和玉米素核苷(ZR)含量的增加^[8]。本研究发现, 与荧光灯相比较, 不同的LED复合光均显著促进了根伸长、茎增粗(除红蓝1: 1外)、叶变窄; 且LED白光还促进茎伸长、叶增厚、叶面积增大, 抑制叶片数形成、叶伸长; LED红蓝1: 1和红蓝4: 1复合光抑制茎伸长、叶片数形成, 促进叶增厚, 且后者的叶长被促进、叶面积增大; 而LED红黄蓝4: 1: 1复合光促进茎伸长、叶形成、叶伸长、叶变薄和叶面积增大。表明LED红黄蓝4: 1: 1复合光对根、茎、叶的生长和形态建成的综合效果显著优于其他光质处理, 这可能与LED红蓝复合光对枳壳幼苗体内激素合成代谢作用的影响有关。

2.6 不同光质对枳壳幼苗物质合成与分配策略的影响

光质不仅显著影响植物光合作用效率, 导致物质合成的差异, 也直接影响物质在植物体各器官和组织中分配。已有的研究表明, 不同植物的物质合成与分配对光质的响应存在显著的差异。虽然许多研究发现红光比蓝光更有利于地上部分物质的合成与分配, 且红光会抑制番茄^[13]叶内光合产物的向外运输, 导致叶内淀粉粒含量增多; 但是, 也有研究发现蓝光会促进豌豆地上部分的生物量^[14]。本研究表明, 红光促进了枳壳幼苗地下部分的物质分配, 抑制了其物质合成及地上部分的物质分配; 而蓝光对枳壳幼苗物质合成及其地上、地下部分的物质分配均具有促进作用。

此外, 已有的研究表明与单色光相比, 红蓝复合光导致番茄幼苗^[9]的光合速率、 RUBP羧化酶、蔗糖合成酶及蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性均显著增大, 促进了瞿麦^[15]的物质合成以及豌豆地上部分的物质分配。而且, 红蓝复合光内添加黄光能有效促进樱桃、番茄^[16]和草莓^[17]叶片的光合作用, 增加生物量的积累, 促进不接球白菜体内可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量的增加^[18]。研究也表明, 相对于单色光来说LED白光及高比例红光的复合光更有利于枳壳幼苗物质合成以及其地上、地下物质分配量; 且LED红黄蓝4: 1: 1复合光下枳壳幼苗地上部分的生物量最大。因此, LED红黄蓝4: 1: 1复合光能显著促进枳壳幼苗的光合作用碳水化合物合成, 最有利于其地上部分生长。

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

参考文献

文献列表

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[2]	MENG Lin, XU Yi-min, SONG Wen-jing, et al(孟霖, 徐宜民, 宋文静, 等). Acta Tabacaria Sinica(中国烟草学报), 2015, 21(5): 55. [本文引用:2]
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[9]	SUN Na, WEI Min, LI Yan, et al(孙娜, 魏珉, 李岩, 等). Acta Horticulturae Sinica(园艺学报), 2016, 43(1): 80. [本文引用:2]
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[18]	WANG Ting, LI Wen-lin, GONG Fang-e, et al(王婷, 李雯琳, 巩芳娥, 等). Journal of Gansu Agricultural University(甘肃农业大学学报), 2011, 46(4): 69. [本文引用:1]

2013

0.0

YAN

Meng-meng

, WANG

Ming-lun

, WANG

Hong-bo

, et al(闫萌萌, 王铭伦, 王洪波, 等). Journal of Agriculture(农学学报), 2013, 3(8): 17.

This study aimed to explore the effect of Light quality on the growth and vitality of peanut root system based on indoor monochromatic light. The results showed that, compared with Natural light, Red light (610-660nm) could promote the growth and development of peanut seedling root system significantly, much longer main and lateral root length, more lateral root numbers, more dry matter accumulation, stronger root vitality; Blue light (445-470nm) had significant inhibition on the growth of root system, less root distribution range, but stronger root vitality; Yellow light (590-595nm) and Green light (515-520nm) could inhibit the growth of peanut seedling root system and lower root vitality.

在室内单色光照条件下，研究了不同光质对花生幼苗根系生长和根系活力的影响。结果表明，与自然光照相比，红光（610-660nm）可显著促进花生苗期根系生长，主侧根长、侧根数量多、干物质积累多，根系活力强；蓝光（445-470nm）对幼苗根系生长有明显的抑制作用，根系分布范围小，但根系活力较高；黄光（590-595nm）和绿光（515-520nm）抑制幼苗根系生长，根系活力也较低。

... 而黄光和绿光均导致根系生长显著被抑制^[1,2] ...

2015

0.0

MENG

Lin

, XU

Yi-min

, SONG

Wen-jing

, et al(孟霖, 徐宜民, 宋文静, 等). Acta Tabacaria Sinica(中国烟草学报), 2015, 21(5): 55.

To provide a basis for optimization of light condition in tobacco seedling greenhouse, the effects of red and blue monochromatic lights on tobacco seedling growth and development were studied with white light treatment as control. Results showed that red light increased leaf area and fresh biomass by 49.8% and 48.8% while blue light curbed the growth of tobacco leaves. Blue light increased stalk height by 59.2% while red light did not. Fresh biomass, 1° and 2° lateral root numbers and root superficial area outweighed those under blue and while light. Content of chlorophyll and carotenoid varied under different light conditions with that under white light being the highest, that under blue light being the lowest and that under white light standing in-between. Net photosynthetic rate and stomatal conductance under red and blue light were slightly lower than those under white light. Blue light inhibited the photosynthesis by decreasing Gs while red light inhibited photosynthesis due to nonstomatal factors.

1 Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Tobacco Research Institute, CAAS, Qingdao 266101, China; 2 Graduate School, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China

为培育壮苗及优化烟草育苗光环境提供依据,以烤烟品种 K326为材料,在水培条件下,研究了两种单色光处理对烟草幼苗生长发育及生理特性的影响。结果表明,与对照白光处理相比,红光处理下的烟苗叶片面积和地上部鲜重均显著增加,增幅分别为 49.8%和 48.8%,而蓝光明显抑制了叶片的发育;蓝光处理下的烟苗茎秆的高度显著增加,增幅为 59.2%,而红光明显抑制了烟苗茎秆的伸长;就根系而言,红光处理下烟苗根系鲜重、一级侧根数量、二级侧根数量及根系表面积均显著高于白光对照和蓝光处理;不同光质处理下,烟苗叶片中叶绿素和类胡萝卜素含量大小依次均为:白光>红光>蓝光;红光和蓝光处理下烟苗的净光合速率、气孔导度均略低于对照白光处理,但红光处理烟苗光合速率降低是由非气孔因素限制所致,而蓝光处理则可能是由气孔导度降低所致。

... 而黄光和绿光均导致根系生长显著被抑制^[1,2] ...

... 蓝光导致番茄^[3]和黄瓜^[4]茎的伸长被抑制, 却能显著促进烟草茎的伸长^[2] ...

2017

0.0

... 蓝光导致番茄^[3]和黄瓜^[4]茎的伸长被抑制, 却能显著促进烟草茎的伸长^[2] ...

2011

0.0

... 蓝光导致番茄^[3]和黄瓜^[4]茎的伸长被抑制, 却能显著促进烟草茎的伸长^[2] ...

... 红光能促进黄瓜^[4]和生菜^[5]幼苗叶面积增加, 而蓝光会降低黄瓜和烟草幼苗叶面积 ...

2016

0.0

... 红光能促进黄瓜^[4]和生菜^[5]幼苗叶面积增加, 而蓝光会降低黄瓜和烟草幼苗叶面积 ...

... 红蓝复合光能促进秋葵^[10]和油菜^[11]幼苗根系生长, 促进番茄幼苗茎伸长、增粗, 且高比例红光会导致生菜叶面积增大、叶比重增加^[5] ...

2013

0.0

... 红、蓝单色光比白色荧光灯更能促进番茄株高的生长, 且促进其幼苗茎秆内GA含量的增加^[6] ...

2014

0.0

... 红光显著促进黄瓜叶片内IAA 含量的增加, 而蓝光显著抑制IAA积累^[7] ...

2015

0.0

FAN

Xiao-xue

, SONG

, XU

Hai

, et al(樊小雪, 宋波, 徐海, 等). Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis(浙江农业学报), 2015, 27(11): 1927.

Abstract: To investigate the effects of different LED light sources on contents of IAA， GA3， ABA， and ZR in non\|heading Chinese cabbage and tomato， the plants were cultured under five light quality treatments: yellow LED （Y）， green LED （G）， red LED （R）， blue LED （B）， red plus blue LED （R∶B=6∶1）， while the sunlight dysprosium lamp （CK） was used as control. Meanwhile， the effects of different densities of red plus blue light on endogenous hormones content of tomato were investigated. The results indicated that GA3 content was the highest in non\|heading Chinese cabbage seedlings treated under red LED light， in addition， contents of ABA， IAA and ZR were the highest under RB 6∶1 LED. The results of tomato experiment showed that: IAA content was the highest in seedlings cultured under green LED， GA3 content was the highest under blue LED， the contents of ABA and ZR were the highest under RB 6∶1 LED. Different light densities of red plus blue LED light had different effects on growth of tomato seedlings， the result showed that IAA， GA3 and ZR content of leaves were increased with increasing light density， while the content of ABA was inversely proportional to light density.

（1 Institute of Vegetable Crops， Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Nanjing 210014， China; 2 College of Agronomy， Nanjing Agricultural University， Nanjing 210095， China）

摘要：以不结球白菜和番茄幼苗为材料，利用LED精量调制光源，设黄光（Y）、绿光（G）、红光（R）、蓝光（B）和红蓝组合光（R∶B=6∶1）5个LED光处理，以日光色镝灯为对照，探讨了不同LED光源对植株内源生长素（IAA）、赤霉素（GA3）、脱落酸（ABA）和玉米素核苷（ZR）含量的影响，以及不同密度红蓝光对番茄激素含量的影响。结果表明：红光LED处理下不结球白菜体内GA3含量最高；红蓝光6∶1 LED处理下不结球白菜ABA，IAA和ZR含量最高。番茄幼苗IAA含量在绿光LED处理下最高，GA3含量在蓝光LED处理下最高，ABA和ZR含量在红蓝光6∶1 LED处理下含量最高。通过研究不同密度红蓝光对番茄生长的影响发现，不同红蓝光密度下，番茄叶片IAA，GA3和ZR含量随着光密度的增加而增加，而ABA含量与光密度的大小成反比。

... 1复合光比红、蓝单色光更能促进不结球白菜IAA、 GA、脱落酸(ABA)和玉米素核苷(ZR)含量的增加^[8] ...

2016

0.0

SUN

, WEI

Min

, LI

Yan

, et al(孙娜, 魏珉, 李岩, 等). Acta Horticulturae Sinica(园艺学报), 2016, 43(1): 80.

The effects of different light quality[（white，red，blue，purple and red-blue（3︰1）] on growth and carbon-nitrogen metabolism in tomato seedlings were investigated by using LED lighting in a growth chamber. The results showed that：Compared with white light，purple light inhibited obviously the growth of seedlings，and red light suppressed the growth of roots，while red-blue light led to highest dry matter weight and seedling index；Pn，RuBP carboxylase activities，and contents of sugar and starch in leaves were lowest in purple light，however，highest in red-blue light. The activities of invertases were higher in both red and purple lighting. Red，blue，purple and red-blue light boosted the activities of sucrose synthase，however，red，blue，and purple light reduced the activities of sucrose phosphate synthase（SPS）. The activities of nitrate reductase（NR），glutamine synthetase（GS）and glutamate synthetase（GOGAT）were reduced significantly in red light，but activities of GS and GOGAT，and contents of soluble protein and free amino acid were remarkably improved in purple，blue and red-blue light. In conclusion，red-blue light is more suitable for growth of tomato seedlings，not only promoting carbon assimilation and accumulation of total sugar and starch，but also increasing enzyme activities of nitrogen metabolism and contents of soluble protein and free amino acids.

1College of Horticulture Science and Engineering，Shandong Agricultural University，2Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Environment Controlled Agricultural Engineering in Huang-Huai-Hai Region，Ministry of Agriculture，3State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology，Tai’an，Shandong 271018，China

采用LED光源，研究了白光（对照）、红光、蓝光、紫光和红蓝（3︰1）组合光对番茄幼苗生长、碳氮代谢及相关酶活性的影响。结果表明：与白光相比，紫光明显抑制幼苗生长，红光抑制幼苗，尤其是其地下部的生长，红蓝组合光下幼苗干物质积累量及壮苗指数最高；在紫光下叶片净光合速率（Pn）、RuBP羧化酶活性、总糖和淀粉含量最低，红蓝组合光下最高；红光和紫光下转化酶的活性较高；红、蓝、紫、红蓝组合光均显著提高蔗糖合成酶（SS）活性，以红蓝组合光更明显，但红、蓝、紫光显著降低蔗糖磷酸合成酶（SPS）活性；红光显著降低了硝酸还原酶（NR）、谷氨酰胺合成酶（GS）和谷氨酸合成酶（GOGAT）活性，蓝、紫、红蓝组合光则显著提高了GS、GOGAT活性以及叶片游离氨基酸和可溶性蛋白含量。总之，红蓝组合光有利于番茄幼苗生长，促进碳同化及总糖和淀粉积累，提高氮代谢相关酶活性及可溶性蛋白和游离氨基酸含量。

... LED白光可促进番茄^[9]幼苗地下部的生长 ...

... 此外, 已有的研究表明与单色光相比, 红蓝复合光导致番茄幼苗^[9]的光合速率、 RUBP羧化酶、蔗糖合成酶及蔗糖磷酸合成酶活性均显著增大, 促进了瞿麦^[15]的物质合成以及豌豆地上部分的物质分配 ...

2016

0.0

Hui-min

, LU

Xiao-min

, ZHAO

Shi-hao

(李慧敏, 陆晓民, 赵诗浩). Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis(浙江农业学报), 2016, 28(6): 966.

Okra was an important medicinal and edible plants. The present study evaluated the effects of different light qualities on the growth， root activity， pigment content， photosynthetic production and stomatal characteristic of okra （Abelmoschus esculentus L.） seedlings with pot experiment in order to select a suitable light for okra artificial breeding. Cultivar Kaliba with two expanded cotyledons were exposed to five lights including fluorescent lamps （FL， control）， blue （B） light emitting diode （LED）， blue plus red LED （BR1∶2）， red LED （R） and yellow LED （Y）. The present results showed that，（1） Fresh weight， dry weight， root length and plant height were greatest in okra seedlings under BR1∶2 LED， stem width and leaf area were greatest in okra seedlings under R LED; （2） Root activity was greatest in okra seedlings under BR1∶2 treatment， followed by B treatment; （3） The concentrations trend of chlorophyll a， chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll under five treatment were the same， the values were greatest in seedlings under BR1∶2 light， followed by B treatment， and smallest in seedlings under R light; （4） The concentration of soluble sugar and sucrose were greatest in seedlings under BR1∶2 treatment， and the concentration of starch was greatest in seedlings under R treatment; （5） Stomatal areas on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of leaves were greatest in seedlings grown under BR1∶2 LED， followed by those grown under B LED， and smallest in seedlings grown under Y light; Stomatal frequencies on the adaxial and abaxial surfaces of leaves were greatest in seedlings grown under BR1∶2 light， followed by those grown under R， and smallest in seedlings grown under FL. So the growth and physiological index of okra seedlings were promoted under BR1∶2 light. BR1∶2 was the suitable light for okra seedling growth and could be used as a priority light for okra culture system.

（College of Life Science， Anhui Science and Technology University， Fengyang 233100， China）

秋葵是一种重要的药食兼用作物，为筛选适合秋葵工厂化育苗的人工光源，以秋葵品种卡里巴为试材，采用单因素随机区组设计的盆栽试验，将穴盘育苗后长至子叶展平时的秋葵幼苗转入荧光灯（FL，对照）、蓝光（B）、蓝红组合1∶2（BR1∶2）、红光（R）和黄光（Y）下进行照射，考察不同光质对秋葵幼苗生长指标、根系活力、光合色素含量、光合产物和气孔特征等的影响。结果表明，（1）秋葵幼苗的鲜样质量、干样质量、根长和茎粗以BR1∶2处理最大，株高和叶面积以R处理最大；（2）BR1∶2处理幼苗根系活力最高，其次为B处理；（3）幼苗叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素总量在各光质处理下变化趋势基本一致，即BR1∶2处理最大，其次是B处理，R处理下最小；（4）BR1∶2处理幼苗叶片的可溶性糖和蔗糖的含量最高，R处理幼苗叶片的淀粉含量最高；（5）秋葵叶片上、下表皮的气孔面积均以BR1∶2处理最大，其次为B处理，Y处理最小；叶片上、下表皮的气孔频度在BR1∶2处理下最大，其次为R处理，FL处理较小。可见，BR1∶2能显著提高秋葵幼苗根系活力、叶片光合色素、光合产物的含量和气孔发育，有效促使幼苗快速、健壮生长，可采用BR1∶2作为秋葵育苗的人工光源。

... 红蓝复合光能促进秋葵^[10]和油菜^[11]幼苗根系生长, 促进番茄幼苗茎伸长、增粗, 且高比例红光会导致生菜叶面积增大、叶比重增加^[5] ...

2013

0.0

... 红蓝复合光能促进秋葵^[10]和油菜^[11]幼苗根系生长, 促进番茄幼苗茎伸长、增粗, 且高比例红光会导致生菜叶面积增大、叶比重增加^[5] ...

2010

0.0

ZHANG

Huan

, XU

Zhi-gang

, CUI

Jin

, et al(张欢, 徐志刚, 崔瑾, 等). Acta Horticulturae Sinica(园艺学报), 2010, 37(10): 1629.

The effects of different light spectral energy distribution of light-emitting diode（LED）on multiplication and rooting of chrysanthemum plantlets in vitro were studied. Fluorescent light was used as the control. The results showed that，red LED was in favour of enhancing plant height and internode length，and synthesizing soluble sugar，starch and carbohydrate；The content of chlorophyll b，chlorophyll a + b and carotenoid of shoots including content of amino acid of plantlets in vitro were significantly increased by blue LED；Complex of red，blue and yellow LED was not only suitable for differentiation and proliferation of shoots in vitro，but for pigment synthesis，growth and root vigor of plantlets in vitro. The results indicated that，as compared with fluorescent light，application of complex of red + blue + yellow LED was propitious to improve propagation coefficient，breed vigorous plantlets and decrease energy consumption.

（1College of Life Sciences，Nanjing Agricultural University，Nanjing 210095，China；2College of Agriculture，Nanjing Agricultural University，Nanjing 210095，China）

采用发光二极管（LED）调制光质和光量，研究光谱能量分布对菊花离体培养增殖和生根阶段的影响，以荧光灯为对照。研究结果表明：红光有助于增加株高、节间长，且有利于生根试管苗可溶性糖、淀粉和碳水化合物的合成；蓝光显著提高丛生苗的叶绿素b、叶绿素总量及类胡萝卜素含量和生根试管苗游离氨基酸含量；而红蓝黄复合光不仅有利于丛生苗分化和增殖，也利于促生根组培苗色素形成、生长发育及根系活力。与荧光灯相比，红蓝黄复合光质LED具有明显优势，有利于提高增殖系数，培育壮苗和降低能耗成本。

... 而红黄蓝复合光会导致菊花试管苗叶面积显著大于白色荧光和红蓝光^[12] ...

2014

0.0

... 虽然许多研究发现红光比蓝光更有利于地上部分物质的合成与分配, 且红光会抑制番茄^[13]叶内光合产物的向外运输, 导致叶内淀粉粒含量增多 ...

2012

0.0

LIU

Wen-ke

, YANG

Qi-chang

, QIU

Zhi-ping

, et al(刘文科, 杨其长, 邱志平, 等). Chinese Journal of Agrometeorology(中国农业气象), 2012, 33(4): 500.

In order to elucidate the effect of light quality on growth,contents of photosynthetic pigments and nutritional quality,a substrate pot cultivation experiment was conducted in a glasshouse to investigate the effects of light quality on plants growth,the content of photosynthetic pigments and nutritional substances in pea seedlings.The treatments of light quality were white light,red light (620nm),blue light(460nm)and red plus blue light (620nm+460nm) by light emitting diodes (LEDs).The contents of photosynthetic pigments and nutritional substances were measured.The results showed that the treatments of blue light and red plus blue light increased significantly the shoot biomass of pea seedlings compared with the white light treatment (P＜0.05),while the red light did not show any effect on the pea shoot biomass.The four spectral quality treatments presented similar root and total biomass of pea seedlings.Compared with white light,red plus blue light improved chlorophyll a and b contents in leaves(P＜0.05).Among the four treatments,red light showed the lowest content of chlorophyll a,while blue light in the same way showed the lowest content of chlorophyll b.There were no difference between red and blue light treatments in carotenoid content for pea seedling shoot,and they were inferior to carotenoid content of white and red plus blue treatments(P＜0.05).It was also observed that red plus blue light treatment improved the content of vitamin C in pea seedling shoot compared with white light treatment(P＜0.05),while red light and blue light did not show any effect.The four treatments of light quality did not have any effect on nitrate and flavonoid contents in pea seedling shoot.The concentration of anthocyanin substances of pea seedling shoot treated with white light was the highest among the four treatments,and that decreased in the follow order of red light,red plus blue light and blue light.In conclusion,the blue and red plus blue light promoted shoot biomass and contents of chlorophyll a and b,and red plus blue light increased shoot vitamin C content.Additionally,white and red plus blue light improved carotenoid content,and white light treatment presented the highest anthocyanin content.Therefore,selecting suitable light quality could increase yield and nutritional quality of pea seedlings.To summarize,blue light and red plus blue light could improve yield of pea seedlings,while white light and red plus blue light could promote nutritional quality of pea seedlings.

Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture,CAAS/Key Lab of Energy Conservation and Waste Management of Agricultural Structures,Ministry of Agriculture,Beijing100081,China

以豌豆苗为材料，采用基质穴盘培养的方法，研究不同LED光质处理（白光、红光、蓝光和红蓝光）对豌豆苗生长、光合色素（叶绿素a、b和类胡萝卜素）含量与营养品质（硝酸盐、维生素C、类黄酮和花青素含量）的影响。结果表明，与白光相比，蓝光与红蓝光处理显著提高了豌豆苗地上部生物量(P＜0.05)，而红光对豌豆苗地上部生物量无影响。不同光质处理在豌豆苗根系生物量和总生物量指标上无显著差异。与白光处理相比，红蓝光处理显著提高了豌豆苗叶片中叶绿素a、b的含量(P＜0.05)，但对类胡萝卜素含量无影响。在4种处理中，红光处理的叶绿素a含量最低，而蓝光处理的叶绿素b最低。红光和蓝光处理茎叶中类胡萝卜素含量间无差异，均显著低于白光和红蓝光处理(P＜0.05)。红蓝光处理显著提高了豌豆苗叶片中维生素C的含量(P＜0.05)，而红光和蓝光均无影响。不同光质处理的豌豆苗茎叶中硝酸盐含量和类黄酮含量无差异。白光处理的豌豆苗茎叶中花青素含量最高，蓝光处理最低。总之，蓝光和红蓝光可促进豌豆苗地上部生长，增加叶片叶绿素a、b含量，红蓝光处理可提高豌豆苗叶片维生素C含量；白光和红蓝光处理下豌豆茎叶中类胡萝卜素含量较高，白光处理的豌豆苗茎叶中花青素含量最高。说明蓝光和红蓝光有利于增加豌豆苗菜产量，而白光和红蓝光有利于提高豌豆苗的营养品质。

... 但是, 也有研究发现蓝光会促进豌豆地上部分的生物量^[14] ...

2013

0.0

2010

0.0

... 而且, 红蓝复合光内添加黄光能有效促进樱桃、番茄^[16]和草莓^[17]叶片的光合作用, 增加生物量的积累, 促进不接球白菜体内可溶性蛋白和可溶性糖含量的增加^[18] ...

2015

0.0

LIU

Qing

, LIAN

Hai-feng

, LIU

Shi-qi

, et al(刘庆, 连海峰, 刘世琦, 等). Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology(应用生态学报), 2015, 26(6): 1743.

Taking ‘Miaoxiang No.7’ strawberry as material, full red light, full blue light, full yellow light, full white light, red/blue/yellow (7/2/1), red/blue (7/2) light generated by light emitting diode (LED) was applied to accurately modulate with white light generated as control. The indicators of photosynthetic and fluorescence parameters, pigment content, fruit production and quality, root activity were investigated. The effects of light quality under the light intensity (500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 ) on the photosynthetic characteristic, fruit production and quality of strawberry were studied. The results showed that the red light could increase photosynthetic parameters ( P n , T r ), while blue light had inhibitory effect. Intercellular CO 2  concentration ( C i ) and conductance ( g s ) were the highest under blue light. The fluorescence parameters were significantly affected by light quality,  F o , F m  and  Φ PSⅡ  the highest under red light, but values of the maximal photochemical of PSⅡ ( F v / F m ), F v / F o  and  F m / F o  highest under red/blue/yellow (7/2/1). In addition, the soluble solids content and vitamin C were highest under red light, the blue light could increase protein and titratable acid, sugaracid ratio was the highest under red/blue/yellow (7/2/1). Comprehensive analysis indicated that red/blue/yellow (7/2/1) was more beneficial to the increase of pigment contents of leaves, fruit production and some qualities of strawberry.

(College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University/State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology/Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops in Huanghuai Region, Tai’an 271018, Shandong, China)

以‘妙香7号’草莓品种为材料，利用LED精量调制光源，设红光、蓝光、黄光、白光、红/蓝/黄(7/2/1)、红/蓝(7/2) 5个处理，以白光为对照，测定了草莓叶片的光合与荧光参数、色素含量、果实产量、品质和根系活力指标，研究 500 μmol·m -2 ·s -1 光强下不同光质处理对草莓光合特性、果实产量及品质的影响.结果表明：红光处理有利于提高草莓叶片的净光合速率与蒸腾速率，而蓝光有减弱作用；气孔导度与胞间CO 2 浓度均以蓝光处理效果最为显著.叶绿素荧光参数( F o 、 F m 、 Φ PSⅡ )均在红光处理下最大，而 F v / F m 、 F v / F  o 、 F m / F o 均在红/蓝/黄处理下最大；红/蓝/黄处理下草莓色素含量、果实产量和根系活力均显著高于其他处理.红光处理的可溶性固形物和维生素C含量均最高，且与红/蓝/黄处理差异不显著；蓝光处理有利于提高可滴定酸和蛋白质含量，而红/蓝/黄处理的固酸比最大.红/蓝/黄处理最有利于增加光合色素含量，提高果实产量，促进部分品质改善.

2011

0.0