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| Based on the Analysis of Infrared Spectroscopy and XPS, the Mechanism of the Influence of Metal Ions on Fluorite Flotation Was Studied |
| LÜ Zhi-yan1, LIU Rong-xiang1*, CAO Zhao2, LI Jie3 |
1. Shanxi Institute of Technology, Shuozhou 036000, China
2. School of Mining and Coal, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014010, China
3. School of Rare Earth Industry, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China
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Abstract As a national strategic mineral resource, the efficient recovery of fluorite (CaF2) faces major challenges: on the one hand, it is closely associated with calcareous minerals such as calcite; on the other hand, the interference of metal ions (Ca2+, Ba2+, Fe3+) in the flotation system leads to low selective separation efficiency. In this study, solution chemical calculation, zeta potential analysis, infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis techniques were used to systematically reveal the microscopic mechanism of metal ions regulating the adsorption of octyl hydroxamic acid (OHA) on fluorite surface. It shows that the dominant components of metal cations change the surface zeta potential by compressing the double electron layer on the surface of fluorite under a certain range of pH values, resulting in a decrease in the negative zeta potential of the mineral surface, and the surface potential regulation of fluorite increases the adsorption capacity of OHA. FTIR results showed that OHA tube energy groups appeared in many places in the fluorite spectrum after OHA treatment, indicating that OHA was chemically adsorbed on the surface of fluorite. The absorption peaks of —CH3, —CH2—, CO, C—N, C—C—C, C—O, and N—O appeared in the spectra of fluorite treated with metal ions and OHA, and the absorption peaks were enhanced. XPS depth analysis revealed that the content of OHA adsorbed by fluorite after metal ions was significantly higher than that of OHA adsorbed by fluorite without metal ions. After the treatment of fluorite with metal ions and OHA, the binding energy offset of Ca(2p) increases. Ba and Fe can replace the surface Ca lattice site, and the intensity of the N(1s) peak increases, and a new bonding mode of Me—O—N is formed. Combined with zeta potential, FTIR and XPS analysis, the adsorption efficiency sequence of metal ions on fluorite and OHA is: Fe3+>Ba2+>(Ca2+/Ba3+/Fe3+)≥(Ca2+/Ba2+)≥(Ca2+/Fe3+)>Ca2+. The ternary interaction model of “metal ion-interface-reagent” established in this study provides theoretical support for the efficient flotation of fluorite under complex water quality conditions. The synergistic mechanism of lattice substitution-chemical adsorption found in this study points out the direction for the design of new flotation reagents.
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Received: 2025-04-25
Accepted: 2025-08-01
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Corresponding Authors:
LIU Rong-xiang
E-mail: 2842014603@qq.com
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