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| Study on Traditional Chinese Medicine of Lonicera L. Based on Infrared Spectroscopy and Cluster Analysis |
| XU Rong1, AO Dong-mei2*, LI Man-tian1, 2, LIU Sai1, GUO Kun1, HU Ying2, YANG Chun-mei2, XU Chang-qing1 |
1. The Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193，China
2. Biochemical School, Beijing City University，Beijing 100094, China
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Abstract Lonicera Linn has a large variety of herbs, is produced in large quantities and has similar trait characteristics, making it difficult to distinguish between them. In this study, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy was used to determine four Chinese herbal medicines from Lonicera Linn, namely, Lonicera japonica (Fols Lonicerae), Lonicera hypoglauca, Lonicera macranthoides and Lonicera fulvotomentosa, and the infrared spectra were scanned in the range of 4 000~400 cm-1 and the second-order derivatives in the range of 1 800~400 cm-1. After obtaining these fingerprints, the correlation coefficients were calculated, and second order derivative spectrum was by using the fingerprint spectrum (1 800~400 cm-1) with dense spectral bands, while combined with SMICA cluster analysis to classify the infrared fingerprint profiles of the herbs and compare the similarities and differences. The results showed that the overall peak shapes of the infrared spectra of the four species of Lonicera Linn were similar. The spectral peak positions and peak heights were relatively close, with absorptions near 1 629~1 635, 1 376~1 384, 1 265~1 282, 1 152~1 158, 1 050~1 051, 814~816, 611~614, 534~537 cm-1, but the 1 731 cm-1CO stretching vibration absorption peak is most pronounced in Lonicera japonica, only Lonicera macranthoides and Lonicera japonica showed a telescopic vibrational absorption peak of 1 105 and 1 103 cm-1 C—O, the bending vibration absorption peak is most pronounced in Lonicera hypoglauca and Lonicera macranthoides 1 317 cm-1 CH, the characteristic peak of the C—OH stretching vibration of the sugar alcohols is most evident at 1 075 cm-1 in Lonicera fulvotomentosa. The correlation coefficient results showed some differences among the four Chinese herbal medicines in the Lonicera Linn, with the largest difference between Lonicera hypoglauca and Lonicera fulvotomentosa, with a correlation coefficient of 0.94. The four Lonicera Linn Chinese herbal medicines differed significantly in the bands 1 700~1 300 and 971~780 cm-1 in the second-order derivative spectra. Cluster analysis using Assure ID software with Chinese herbal medicines absorption wave number as the variable showed that the class spacing between Lonicera hypoglauca and Lonicera fulvotomentosa was the largest at 6.86, further indicating that the difference between Lonicera hypoglauca and Lonicera fulvotomentosa was the largest. The identification and rejection rates of the four Lonicera Linn herbs in the clustering model were the highest point of 100% and the lowest point of 99%. The class model plots, in which the different proto species herbs are separated two by two, indicate that the infrared spectra combined with SIMCA cluster analysis can identify the four herbal species of the Lonicera Linn. The clustering analysis model was validated by taking known origins samples, and the recognition and rejection rates were also above 99%. Therefore, the combination of infrared spectroscopy and cluster analysis can identify four herbs of Lonicera Linn in a rapid and nondestructive manner, providing a scientific and effective method for the genetic identification of Lonicera Linn.
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Received: 2022-05-07
Accepted: 2022-10-21
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Corresponding Authors:
AO Dong-mei
E-mail: admei302@163.com
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