|
|
|
|
|
|
| Study on the Effect of Cooling Rate on Crystallization Process and
Product of [C12mim][BF4] Melt Based on POM, Raman and SAXS |
| ZHU Xiang1, 2, YUAN Chao-sheng2, LIANG Yong-fu2, WANG Zheng2, LI Hai-ning2, HUANGFU Zhan-biao1, ZHOU Song1, ZHOU Bo1, DONG Xing-bang1, CHENG Xue-rui2*, YANG Kun1* |
1. College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450001, China
2. Henan Key Laboratory of Magnetoelectronic Information Functional Materials, Zhengzhou 450001, China
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract At present, ionic liquids’ high production and use costs are limiting their large-scale applications, so how to recycle them has attracted great attention. Crystallization processes are extremely important for developing new recycling technologies for ionic liquids, and cooling rates have important effects on the crystallization processes. Based on these, in this paper, polarizing microscopy, small angle X-ray scattering and Raman spectroscopy were employed to research the phase transitions and the structural changes of 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([C12mim][BF4]) from 60 to 0 ℃ at the cooling rates of 30 and 1 ℃·min-1, in order to reveal the effect of cooling rates on the crystallization process and product. POM results show that [C12mim][BF4] experienced the phase transitions from the liquid state to liquid crystal state and then to crystal state Ⅰ during the rapid cooling process, and that [C12mim][BF4] underwent the phase transitions from the liquid state to liquid crystal state and then to crystal state Ⅱ during the slow cooling process. The crystal state Ⅰ consisted of many “ball-like” crystals with large sizes, while the crystal state Ⅱ was composed of a lot of “needle-like” crystals with small sizes. In addition, SAXS results show that [C12mim][BF4] has two crystal structures, including perpendicular and triclinic bilayer phases. Both were found simultaneously in the crystal state Ⅰ, but only the triclinic bilayer phase appeared in the crystal state Ⅱ. Therefore, crystal state Ⅰ is a mixed phase crystal, while crystal state Ⅱ is a single phase crystal. Furthermore, it can be concluded from the Raman results of [C12mim][BF4] that the [C12mim]+ in the perpendicular bilayer phase is the G conformation, and that the [C12mim]+ in the triclinic bilayer phase is the A conformation. In conclusion, [C12mim][BF4] underwent the phase transitions from the liquid state to liquid crystal state and then to crystal state Ⅰ at a rapid cooling process, and a mixed phase crystal composed of the perpendicular bilayer phase and the triclinic bilayer phase was obtained. However, [C12mim][BF4] underwent the phase transitions from the liquid state to liquid crystal state and then to crystal state Ⅱ at a slow cooling, and a single phase crystal consisting of the triclinic bilayer phase was obtained. What is more, the mixed phase crystal includes the G conformation and the A conformation of [C12mim]+, while the single phase crystal only contains the A conformation. So, the cooling rate has an important effect on the crystallization process and product of [C12mim][BF4]. These results provide important experimental data for enhancing the recovery technology of [C12mim][BF4], and are also helpful in investigating the phase transition and structure change of similar ionic liquids.
|
|
Received: 2022-01-29
Accepted: 2022-04-27
|
|
|
|
Corresponding Authors:
CHENG Xue-rui, YANG Kun
E-mail: xuerui461@163.com；yyyk2002@163.com
|
|
[1] Sashina E S. Application, Purification, and Recovery of Ionic Liquids. Amsterdam: Elsevier，2016. 101.
[2] Zhou J, Sui H, Jia Z, et al. RSC Advances, 2018, 8(57): 32832.
[3] NIE Yi, WANG Jun-feng, ZHANG Zhen-lei, et al（聂 毅, 王均凤, 张振磊，等）. Chemical Industry and Engineering Progress(化工进展), 2019, 38(1): 100.
[4] Holbrey J D, Seddon K R. Journal of the Chemical Society, Dalton Transactions, 1999, (13): 2133.
[5] Zhang S G, Liu S M, Zhang Y, et al. Chemistry-An Asian Journal, 2012, 7(9): 2004.
[6] Nozaki Y, Yamaguchi K, Tomida K, et al. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2016, 120(23): 5291.
[7] Hodyna D, Bardeau J, Metelytsia L, et al. Chemical Engineering Journal, 2016, 284: 1136.
[8] Lassègues J C, Grondin J, Holomb R, et al. Journal of Raman Spectroscopy, 2007, 38(5): 551.
[9] Faria L, Matos J R, Ribeiro M. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2012, 116(30): 9238.
[10] Zhu X, Li H, Wang Z, et al. RSC Advances, 2017, 7(42): 26428.
[11] Bradley A E, Hardacre C, Holbrey J D, et al. Chemistry of Materials, 2002, 14(2): 629.
[12] Li L B, Groenewold J, Picken S J. Chemistry of Materials, 2005, 17: 250.
[13] Paschoal V H, Faria L, Ribeiro M. Chemical Reviews, 2017, 117(10): 7053.
[14] Berg R W. Ionic Liquids in Chemical Analysis: Analytical Chemistry. Florida: CRC Press, 2009, 307.
|
| [1] |
DANG Rui, GAO Zi-ang, ZHANG Tong, WANG Jia-xing. Lighting Damage Model of Silk Cultural Relics in Museum Collections Based on Infrared Spectrum[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(12): 3930-3936. |
| [2] |
LI Chen-xi1, SUN Ze-yu1, 2, ZHAO Yu2*, YIN Li-hui2, CHEN Wen-liang1, 3, LIU Rong1, 3, XU Ke-xin1, 3. The Research Progress of Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy and Its Application in Protein Substances Analysis[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(07): 1993-2001. |
| [3] |
XU Qi-lei, GUO Lu-yu, DU Kang, SHAN Bao-ming, ZHANG Fang-kun*. A Hybrid Shrinkage Strategy Based on Variable Stable Weighted for Solution Concentration Measurement in Crystallization Via ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(05): 1413-1418. |
| [4] |
ZHU Xiang1, 2*, YUAN Chao-sheng1, CHENG Xue-rui1, LI Tao1, ZHOU Song1, ZHANG Xin1, DONG Xing-bang1, LIANG Yong-fu2, WANG Zheng2. Study on Performances of Transmitting Pressure and Measuring Pressure of [C4mim][BF4] by Using Spectroscopic Techniques[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2022, 42(06): 1674-1678. |
| [5] |
TIAN Peng1, XIAO Xue-song1, SU Gui-tian1, DUAN Han-feng1，JIN Yao-dong1, SONG Yang-yang1, HUANG Tao2, ZHANG Hang1*. Fluorescence Spectra Analysis of N-n-Octyl Oyridine Acetate Ionic Liquid in Different Solvents[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2022, 42(01): 147-151. |
| [6] |
HE Xiong-fei1, 2, HUANG Wei3, TANG Gang3, ZHANG Hao3*. Mechanism Investigation of Cement-Based Permeable Crystalline Waterproof Material Based on Spectral Analysis[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2021, 41(12): 3909-3914. |
| [7] |
ZHANG Meng-jie, CAO Si-min, WANG Meng-yu, LI Hao-yang, LI Dong, ZHAO Ze-nan, XU Jian-hua*. Fluorescence Enhancement and Conformational Studies of Coenzyme NADH With Aluminum[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2021, 41(04): 997-1003. |
| [8] |
GUO Mei1, WANG Wen-wei2, LIU Hao1, LU Zhuo2, YIN Zuo-wei1*. Raman Spectral Analysis on a Special Band of Nanhong Agate[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2021, 41(04): 1271-1275. |
| [9] |
DONG Pei-jie1, ZHANG Wen-bo1*, LU Wei2. A NIR Study on Hydrogen Bonds of Bamboo-Based Cellulose Ⅱ[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2021, 41(04): 1260-1264. |
| [10] |
College of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
. Investigation on Terahertz Spectroscopy of Food Additives Based on Dispersion-Correction Functional Theory[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2021, 41(01): 100-104. |
| [11] |
ZENG Jian-hua, MENG Yan, LIU Lin-lin, YANG Yang, LI Mei-ying, WANG Zi-yue, ZHU Xiu-qing*, SHI Yan-guo*. Characterization and Effects of pH on the Conformation of Hemp Protein Isolate Based on Multi-Spectroscopic Technique[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2020, 40(12): 3748-3754. |
| [12] |
LIU Na1, YUAN Wei2，3, WANG Hua-ping2，3. Studies on Plasticized Cellulose Diacetate with Ionic Liquid by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) and Two-Dimensional Correlation Spectroscopy[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2020, 40(06): 1796-1803. |
| [13] |
WANG Yu1, LUO Lan1, 2*, GUO Rui1, SUN Chuan-yao1, GAO Ming-yuan1. Cation Substitution-Dependent Phase Transition and Color-Tunable Emission in (Ca1-xBax)2SiO4∶Eu Phosphor Series[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2020, 40(06): 1895-1901. |
| [14] |
WANG You-hong1, ZHANG Fei-fei1，2, XUE Xia1, JI Bi-chao1, LI Dan1, ZHANG Li-ping1. Application of X-Ray in the Study of Cell Wall Structure of Rattan Fibers[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2020, 40(05): 1442-1446. |
| [15] |
GAO Nan1, TU Qian2, SUI Cheng-hua2, 3. Study on Different Conformation Raman Spectra of Methamphetamine Based on Density Functional Theory[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2020, 40(03): 744-749. |
|
|
|
|
