Analysis of XRD Spectral Structure and Carbonization of the Biochar Preparation
ZHENG Qing-fu1, 2, 3, WANG Zhi-min1, CHEN Bao-guo1, LIU Gui-feng4, ZHAO Ji2, 3*
1. Analysis and Testing Center, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Institute of Natural Products and Waste, Tongliao 028000, China 2. Inner Mongolia University，Huhhot 010021，China 3. Inner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control & Waste Resource Reuse，Inner Mongolia University, Huhhot 010021，China 4. College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for the Nationalities, Tongliao 028000，China
Abstract：XRD spectroscopy is an important means of research material inside the crystalline structure of the material. In this study it was analyzed with X-ray sources in terms of manner of preparation of different materials carbon crystal structure of biological characteristics and charring mechanism. The results showed that: Biochar contain d101 and d002 crystal face diffraction peak of carbon graphite-like microcrystalline cellulose, but after charring precipitated salt with different materials, and have a big difference, such as ox dung, castor dregs and furfural dregs of CaCO3 carbon content than other organisms, but only ox dung and castor dregs containing CaMg (CO3)2. Corn stover charcoal preferentially decompose hemicelluloses and cellulose microcrystalline graphite with increasing temperature so with the degree of crystallinity which becomes more stable conversion of carbon compounds. Wherein the mineral salt as a pyrolysis carbonization temperature, gradually precipitated by metals oxides→Acetales→carbonate, and with increasing temperature the content of CaCO3 also increase. After different methods of carbonization, charring its mechanism is different from the first dry charring can promote the decomposition of hemicellulose, high temperature microwave treatment is highly volatile, mainly promoting substances multiple bond rupture decomposed substance carbonate precipitates relatively small. Comprehensive illustrated by X-ray diffraction study biochar may well feature the internal structure of the crystalline, can effectively reflect the cracking mechanism of carbonization process.
Key words：XRD;Biochar;Charring mechanism;Carbonization temperature
[1] WANG Qun, LI Fei-yue, CAO Xin-de, et al(王 群, 李飞跃, 曹心德，等). Environmental Science & Technology(环境科学与技术), 2013，8: 1. [2] Warnock D D, Lehmann J, Kuyper T W, et al. Plant and Soil, 2007, 300(1-2): 9. [3] AN Zeng-li, HOU Yan-wei, CAI Chao, et al(安增莉, 侯艳伟, 蔡 超，等). Environmental Chemistry(环境化学)，2011, 30(11)：1851. [4] MIN Fan-fei, CHEN Qing-ru, ZHANG Ming-xu(闵凡飞, 陈清如, 张明旭). Journal of China University of Mining & Technology(中国矿业大学学报), 2006，35(3): 336. [5] Cao Xinde, Harris W. Bioresource Technology, 2010, 101(14): 5222. [6] Chan K Y, Zwieten L V, Meszaros I, et al. Australian Journal of Soil Research, 2007, 45: 629. [7] Wu W, Yang M, Feng Q, et al. Biomass. Bioenerg., 2012, 47: 268. [8] LIANG Yuan, LI Fei-yue, YANG Fan, et al(梁 媛, 李飞跃, 杨 帆，等). Journal of Agro-Environment Science(农业环境科学学报), 2013，(12): 2377. [9] GONG Pi-tao, DU Xu-hua, ZHONG Zhe-ke, et al(公丕涛, 杜旭华, 钟哲科，等). Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment(干旱区资源与环境), 2015，1: 71. [10] YANG Quan-hong, ZHENG Jing-tang, WANG Mao-zhang, et al(杨全红, 郑经堂, 王茂章，等). New Carbon Materials(新型碳材料), 1998, 4: 61. [11] XU Long-jun, BAO Xue-fu, LIU Cheng-lun, et al(徐龙君, 鲍学福, 刘成伦, 等). Journal of Chongqing University·Nature Science Edition(重庆大学学报·自然科学版), 1999, 22(4): 23. [12] WANG Da-zhi, TIAN Ya-jun, XIE Ke-chang(王大鸷, 田亚峻, 谢克昌). Coal Conversion(煤炭转化), 2002, 25(2): 47. [13] WANG Qing-bo, ZHU Wen-kai, QU Jing-yuan, et al(王庆波, 朱文凯, 曲静原, 等). Nuclear Electronics & Detection Technology(核电子学与探测技术), 2010, 10: 1279. [14] WANG Shao-guang, WU Shu-bin, GUO Xiu-qiang, et al(王少光, 武书彬, 郭秀强, 等). Journal of South China University of Technology·Natural Science Edition(华南理工大学学报·自然科学版), 2006, 3: 39.
