Apply Fourier Transform Infrared Spectra Coupled with Two-Dimensional Correlation Analysis to Study the Evolution of Humic Acids During Composting
BU Gui-jun1, 2, YU Jing3, DI Hui-hui4, LUO Shi-jia1, 2, ZHOU Da-zhai1, XIAO Qiang1, 2*
1. Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China 2. College of Forest and Horticulture, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi 445000, China 3. State Key Laboratory of Geological Hazard Preventionand Geological Environment Protection, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu 610059, China 4. Enshi Tobacco Company of Hubei Province, Enshi 445000, China
Abstract：The composition and structure of humic acids formed during composting play an important influence on the quality and mature of compost. In order to explore the composition and evolution mechanism, municipal solid wastes were collected to compost and humic and fulvic acids were obtained from these composted municipal solid wastes. Furthermore, fourier transform infrared spectra and two-dimensional correlation analysis were applied to study the composition and transformation of humic and fulvic acids during composting. The results from fourier transform infrared spectra showed that, the composition of humic acids was complex, and several absorbance peaks were observed at 2 917～2 924, 2 844～2 852, 2 549，1 662，1 622, 1 566, 1 454, 1 398, 1 351, 990～1 063, 839 and 711 cm-1. Compared to humic acids, the composition of fulvci acids was simple, and only three peaks were detected at 1 725, 1 637 and 990 cm-1. The appearance of these peaks showed that both humic and fulvic acids comprised the benzene originated from lignin and the polysaccharide. In addition, humic acids comprised a large number of aliphatic and protein which were hardly detected in fulvic acids. Aliphatic, polysaccharide, protein and lignin all were degraded during composting, however, the order of degradation was different between humic and fulvci acids. The result from two-dimensional correlation analysis showed that, organic compounds in humic acids were degraded in the following sequence: aliphatic>protein> polysaccharide and lignin, while that in fulvic acids was as following: protein> polysaccharide and aliphatic. A large number of carboxyl, alcohols and ethers were formed during the degradation process, and the carboxyl was transformed into carbonates. It can be concluded that, fourier transform infrared spectra coupled with two-dimensional correlation analysis not only can analyze the function group composition of humic substances, but also can characterize effectively the degradation sequence of these groups and identified the formation mechanism and dynamics of humic substances during composting.
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