基于太赫兹时域光谱的Fe2O3和Fe3O4宽带介电表征

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2025)09-2642-06

摘要
参考文献
相关文章 (15)

全文: PDF (3868 KB)
输出: BibTeX | EndNote (RIS)

摘要：表面质量作为衡量热轧卷钢质量的重要指标，直接影响热轧带钢产品的使用寿命及性能稳定性。热轧带钢生产过程中会在钢坯表面生长一层致密的铁鳞缺陷，其成分主要由铁的一系列氧化物组成。为保证后续涂镀工序的质量，了解热轧带钢表面铁鳞厚度信息有助于降低酸洗不足或酸洗过度的风险。因太赫兹波在电磁频谱中介于红外和微波之间，且在金属等极性材料表面发生衰减极小的反射，太赫兹飞行时间断层扫描(Terahertz time-of-flight tomography)能较好地满足无损表征钢基材料微米级覆盖层的技术要求。因难以无损机械剥离，热轧带钢表面铁鳞太赫兹频段光学特性主要根据现有文献数值进行初步估计，而不是通过实验获得。根据太赫兹结果预估的铁鳞厚度与实际值之间存在无法估计的误差。为了高精度测量铁鳞的厚度分布，首先将赤铁矿(Fe₂O₃)和磁铁矿(Fe₃O₄)粉末和聚乙烯(PE)充分混合并压片处理后利用太赫兹时域光谱(THz-TDS)系统测定Fe₂O₃/PE和Fe₃O₄/PE压片的透射信号；然后利用Maxwell-Garnett有效介质理论和Vegard定律准确计算10%质量分数下的Fe₂O₃和Fe₃O₄在频率[350 GHz～2.5 THz]范围内的光学参数。Fe₂O₃和Fe₃O₄在1 THz位置处的折射率n、吸收系数α、和电导率σ分别为3.96和5.18，10.13和25.58 cm^-1，1.2和4.97 S·m^-1。此处概述的方法将对一系列粉末材料感兴趣，这些材料可能需要评估太赫兹频段范围内的光学特性。该研究结果为未来太赫兹技术在复杂钢铁生产环境中以非接触性和非破坏性的方式在线监测热轧钢铁产品质量的技术落地奠定了理论依据，对推动太赫兹技术的广泛应用具有重要的工程实际意义。

关键词：太赫兹时域光谱；铁氧化物；有效介质理论；介电测量；无损表征

Abstract：Surface quality is an important indicator for evaluating the quality of hot-rolled coil steel, which directly affects the service life and performance stability of hot-rolled strip steel products. Dense mill scale defects form on the surface of the steel substrate during the production process of hot-rolled strip steel, and their composition is mainly composed of iron oxides. To ensure the quality of subsequent coating and plating processes, understanding the thickness information of mill scale on the surface of hot-rolled strip steel can effectively reduce the risk of insufficient or excessive pickling. Because terahertz waves are located between infrared and microwaves in the electromagnetic spectrum, and reflect with minimal attenuation on the surface of polar materials such as metals, terahertz time-of-flight tomography (TOFT) meets the technical requirements of non-destructive characterization of micron-level covering layers of steel-based materials. Owing to the difficulty of non-destructive mechanical stripping, the optical properties of the mill scale on the surface of hot-rolled steel strip in the terahertz frequency band are preliminarily estimated based on existing values in the published literature, rather than values obtained through experiments, as a result of which, unexpected errors between the scale thickness calculated based on terahertz results and the nominal value. To accurately determine the thickness distribution of iron scale, hematite (Fe₂O₃) and magnetite (Fe₃O₄) powders were thoroughly mixed with polyethylene (PE) and pressed into pellets. Transmission experiments were conducted on the Fe₂O₃/PE and Fe₃O₄/PE pellets using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS), and the optical parameters of Fe₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄ inclusions at 10% mass fraction in the frequency range [350 GHz~2.5 THz] were then accurately calculated using the Maxwell-Garnett effective medium theory and Vegard's law. The refractive indexn, absorption coefficientα, and conductivity σ of Fe₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄ at 1 THz are 3.96 and 5.18, 10.13 and 25.58 cm^-1, and 1.2 and 4.97 S·m^-1, respectively. The method outlined here will also be of interest to a range of powder materials that may need to evaluate their optical properties in the THz band. The research results have laid a theoretical foundation for the future implementation of terahertz-based technology in online monitoring of the quality of hot-rolled steel products within the complex steel production environment, providing a non-contact and non-destructive method. This has important engineering practical significance for promoting the widespread application of terahertz technology.

Key words：Terahertz time-domain spectroscopy; Iron oxides; Effective medium theory; Dielectric measurement; Nondestructive characterization

收稿日期: 2025-01-20 修订日期: 2025-06-30

中图分类号:

TP391

基金资助: 中国科技部项目(2023YFF0719300)，广东省教育厅高校科研项目-青年创新人才类项目(2024KQNCX041)，深圳市科技计划项目（KQTD20200820113046084），深圳市基础研究面上项目(JCYJ20240813141427036)资助

作者简介: 翟敏，1989年生，深圳大学电子与信息工程学院助理教授 e-mail: zhai.min@szu.edu.cn

引用本文:

翟敏，肖斌，潘浩月，何文龙. 基于太赫兹时域光谱的Fe₂O₃和Fe₃O₄宽带介电表征[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2025, 45(09): 2642-2647.
ZHAI Min, XIAO Bin, PAN Hao-yue, HE Wen-long. Broadband Dielectric Characterization of Fe₂O₃ and Fe₃O₄ Using Terahertz Time Domain Spectroscopy. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2025, 45(09): 2642-2647.

链接本文:

https://www.gpxygpfx.com/CN/10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2025)09-2642-06 或 https://www.gpxygpfx.com/CN/Y2025/V45/I09/2642

[1] WANG Jun-yang, YI Ge-wen, WAN Shan-hong, et al(王军阳, 易戈文, 万善宏, 等). Journal of Chinese Society for Corrosion and Protection(中国腐蚀与防护学报), 2023, 43(5): 948.
[2] Platov S I, Dema R R, Latypov O R, et al. Russian Metallurgy (Metally), 2021，(13)：1766.
[3] HUO Jiang-wei, ZHANG Xiao-hui, GUO Yong-chao(霍江伟，张晓辉，郭永朝). Engineering Construction(工程建设), 2023, 6(11): 127.
[4] Cao G M, Wu T Z, Xu R, et al. Journal of Iron and Steel Research International, 2015, 22(10): 892.
[5] Schutze M. Oxidation of Metals, 1995, 44: 29.
[6] WU Zhu-min(吴祝民). Steel Rolling(轧钢), 2007, 24(3): 56.
[7] Crabtree M, Eslinger D, Fletcher P, et al. Oilfield Review, 1999, 11(3): 30.
[8] Gongye F, Zhou J, Peng J, et al. Materials, 2023, 16(4), 1745.
[9] JIANG Xue-lei, XU Ying(江雪雷, 许颖). Acta Optica Sinica(光学学报), 2022, 42(13): 1312001.
[10] LIU Ling-yu, CHANG Tian-ying, YANG Chuan-fa(刘陵玉, 常天英, 杨传法). Infrared Technology(红外技术), 2018, 40(1): 79.
[11] Zhai M, Locquet A, Roquelet C, et al. NDT&E International, 2020, 116: 102358.
[12] Zhai M, Locquet A, Roquelet C, et al. Surface and Coatings Technology, 2020, 393: 125765.
[13] Zhai M, Locquet A, Roquelet C, et al. Steel Research International, 2023, 94(11): 2300124.
[14] Dai Z, Su Q, Lu D, et al. Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2019, 214: 277.
[15] ZHAO Kun, ZHAN Hong-lei(赵昆, 詹洪磊). Terahertz Spectroscopy Technology(太赫兹光谱分析技术). Beijing: Science Press(北京: 科学出版社), 2018.
[16] Shen Y, Taday P, Pepper M. Applied Physics Letters, 2008, 92(5): 051103.
[17] Bardon T, May R K, Taday P F, et al. IEEE Transactions on Terahertz Science and Technology, 2016, 6(3): 408.
[18] Naftaly M, Miles R E. Proceedings of the IEEE, 2007, 95(8): 1658.
[19] Zhai M, Bhaskar P, Shi H, et al. Journal of Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, 2023, 44(11): 841.
[20] Strom U, Taylor P. Physical Review B, 1977, 16(12): 5512.
[21] Taraskin S, Simdykin S, Elliott S, et al. Physical Review Letters, 2006, 97(5): 055504.
[22] Jepsen P U, Fischer B M. Optics Letters, 2005, 30(1): 29.
[23] Jonscher A K. Nature, 1977, 267(5613): 673.
[24] Jylha L, Sihvola A. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 2007, 40(16): 4966.
[25] SUN Yang, ZHANG Yong-you(孙洋, 张用友). Acta Optica Sinica(光学学报), 2023, 43(5): 0524001.
[26] Markel V A. Journal of the the Optical Society of America A, 2016, 33(7): 1244.
[27] Calvo-de la Rosa J, Locquet A, Bouscaud D, et al. Ceramics International, 2020 , 46(15): 24110.
[28] ZHANG Tian-yao, ZHANG Zhao-hui, Arnold Mark A(张天尧，张朝晖，Arnold Mark A). Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis(光谱学与光谱分析), 2019, 39: 1689.
[29] Raglione M E, Zhang T, Arnold M A. International Journal of Experimental Spectroscopic Techniques, 2018, 3(2): 18.
[30] Li Y, Zhang Z, Zhao X, et al. The Influence of Sample Porosity on Refractive Index in THz Non-Destructive Testing[C]. Sixteenth National Conference on Laser Technology and Optoelectronics, 2021, 11907: 333, SPIE.
[31] Hasegawa N, Nagashima T, Hirano K. Thickness Measurement of Iron-Oxide Layers on Steel Plates Using Terahertz Reflectometry[C]. International Conference on Infrared, Millimeter, and Terahertz Waves, 2011, 1, IEEE.
[32] LI Y, Zhang Z, Zhang T, et al. Journal of Nondestructive Evaluation, 2023, 42(1): 7.
[33] Funke K. Progress in Solid State Chemistry, 1993, 22(2): 111.