Research on Quantitative Identification of Rock Color Using
Spectral Technology
ZHANG Qi-yan1, YANG Jie2, 3, LI Jian-guo1*, SHI Wei-xin1, GAO Peng-xin1
1. Core and Samples Center of Land and Resources, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100083, China
2. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources，China University of Geosciences (Beijing)，Beijing 100083, China
3. Institute of Earth Sciences，China University of Geosciences (Beijing)，Beijing 100083, China
摘要： 岩石颜色不仅反映沉积环境而且指示特有矿物与元素，是纵向横向沉积演化，地层对比的重要依据和指标之一。目前岩石颜色主要依赖肉眼识别和主观描述，或使用色卡进行对比判读。这些方法受个体差异和环境影响较大，缺少定量计算方法，无法满足颜色批量精准识别的需要。因此快速、批量、高效实现颜色的客观识别和数值量化对地质工作研究和应用具有重要意义。该研究基于色度学原理，利用光谱分析技术，结合Python计算机语言编译的岩石颜色定量化识别软件，实现岩石颜色的数值定量化和批量自动化转换，提高颜色的判断精度和识别效率。通过对《Munsell Rock Book》对比发现，CIE RGB颜色系统计算结果与色卡一致性较高，Munsell系统计算结果中色相值（＜3个NBS单位）一致性达到86.7%，明度值和纯度值的一致性分别达到92.2%和82.2%，相关性为98.83%和87.50%，均属于较小色差范围。相较于Munsell系统计算结果，31个岩石样品的CIE RGB计算结果与样品颜色的一致性和准确性更高。造成颜色差异的原因复杂多样，不仅与颜色系统之间的转换误差和人为主观对比及判读有关，而且与岩石样品的特殊性和环境等因素密切相关。本次研究为岩石颜色的快速、高效、客观批量化和定量化表征提供了一种可行性方法和思路，具有较好的应用价值。
关键词：岩石颜色；定量识别；CIE颜色系统；Munsell颜色系统；光谱
Abstract：Rock color reflects the geological environment and mineral and element composition of its formation. And it is one of the important basis and indicators for vertical stratigraphic correlation and lateral environmental evolution. Rock color mainly relies on visual identification and subjective description or uses color charts for comparative interpretation. These methods are greatly affected by individual differences and the environment, lack quantitative calculation methods, and cannot meet the needs of accurate color identification in batches. Therefore, it is of great significance for the research and application of geological work to quickly realize the objective identification and numerical quantification of color. This research is based on the principle of colorimetry, using spectral analysis technology combined with the quantitative recognition software of rock color compiled by Python computer language. It can perform numerical quantification and automatic batch conversion of rock color. The method improves color judgment accuracy and recognition efficiency. The comparison of 《Munsell Rock Book》shows that the calculation results of the CIE RGB color system are highly consistent with the color card. In the calculation results of the Munsell system, the consistency of hue value (<3 NBS units) reached 86.7%, the consistency of lightness value and purity value reached 92.2% and 82.2%, and the correlation was 98.83% and 87.50%. Their errors all belong to the small chromatic aberration range. Compared with the calculation results of the Munsell system, the CIE RGB calculation results of the 31 rock samples are more consistent and accurate with the color of the samples. The reasons for the errors are complex and diverse, related to the conversion error between color systems ，human subjective comparison and interpretation, and closely related to the particularity of rock samples and the environment and other factors. This study provides a feasible method for the quantitative characterization of rock color. This research has good application value.
Key words：Rock color; Quantitative identification; CIE color system; Munsell color system; Spectrum
张启燕，杨 玠，李建国，史维鑫，高鹏鑫. 利用光谱技术定量识别岩石颜色方法研究[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2023, 43(06): 1905-1911.
ZHANG Qi-yan, YANG Jie, LI Jian-guo, SHI Wei-xin, GAO Peng-xin. Research on Quantitative Identification of Rock Color Using
Spectral Technology. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2023, 43(06): 1905-1911.
[1] YAN Yong-ding(阎永定). Northwestern Geology(西北地质), 1980，(4): 47.
[2] HU Xiu-mian, WANG Cheng-shan, LI Xiang-hui, et al(胡修棉, 王成善, 李祥辉, 等). SCIENCE CHINA Earth Sciences(中国科学: 地球科学), 2006, 36(9): 811.
[3] CAO Qi, ZHENG Long-jun, WANG Jin-ling(曹 琦, 郑龙君, 王金玲). Heilongjiang Science and Technology Information(黑龙江科技信息), 2014，(28): 105.
[4] LI Hong-guang, WU Bao-ning, SHI Huan-fang, et al(李宏光, 吴宝宁, 施浣芳, 等). Journal of Applied Optics(应用光学), 2005, 26(3): 60.
[5] BAI Feng-xiang, ZENG Hua, YANG Wei-ping, et al(白凤翔, 曾 华，杨卫平，等). Journal of Yunnan Normal University(Natural Sciences Edition)[云南师范大学学报(自然科学版)], 1994, 14(1): 21.
[6] WANG Wei-ang(王维昂). Textile Accessories(纺织器材), 1994(3): 36.
[7] JIANG Yue-juan(蒋月娟). Optical Technique(光学技术), 2001, 27(3): 281.
[8] SHU Yue-xin(束越新). Basic Theory of Color Optics（颜色光学基础理论）. Jinan：Shandong Science and Technology Press(济南：山东科技出版社), 1981.
[9] Youichi Sato, Johji Tajima. Color Scheme Supporting Method in a Color Design System. Human Vision, Visual Processing, and Digital Display VI. International Society for Optics and Photonics, 1995.
[10] YE Qi, WANG Yue-ming, ZHOU Shi-yao, et al(叶 琦, 王跃明, 周世尧, 等). Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis(光谱学与光谱分析), 2018, 38(10): 3310.
[11] Goddard E N, et al. Rock Color Chart. Washington D C, National Research Council (Distributed by the Geological Society of America), 1948.
[12] LIN Mao-hai, WU Guang-yuan, ZHENG Yuan-lin, et al(林茂海, 吴光远, 郑元林，等). Color Science and Technology（颜色科学与技术）. Beijing: China Light Industry Press Ltd.（北京：中国轻工业出版社），2019.
[13] LIU Ye, CHENG Guo-jian, MA Wei, et al(刘 烨, 程国建, 马 微, 等). Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology)[中南大学学报(自然科学版)], 2016, 47(7): 2375.
[14] XU Yan-fang, LI Yi-nan, WANG Zhen(徐艳芳, 李一南, 王 振). Information Recording Materials(信息记录材料), 2011, 12(4): 9.
[15] HUANG Chang-jie, ZHANG Jin-chuan, DING Wen-long, et al(黄昌杰, 张金川, 丁文龙, 等). Science Technology and Engineering(科学技术与工程), 2016, 16(25): 254.
