“黑青”“黑碧”的谱学鉴别特征探究

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2021)01-0292-07

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摘要： “黑青”指颜色近黑色，主要成分为透闪石的青玉。“黑碧”指颜色近黑色，主要成分为阳起石的碧玉。采用电子探针、激光剥蚀电感耦合等离子体质谱仪和红外光谱测试分析手段，确定“黑青”“黑碧”的矿物种属。采用拉曼光谱、显微紫外-可见分光光度计、红外光谱对“黑青”“黑碧”的谱学鉴别特征进行探究。“黑青”为标准透闪石拉曼谱峰，“黑碧”的谱峰位置与“黑青”存在几个波数的偏差，向波数小的方向移动。可见-近红外波段，“黑青”出现445 nm吸收峰，680和940 nm宽吸收带，为Fe²⁺和Fe³⁺作用；“黑碧”出现445 nm吸收峰，660和690 nm双吸收峰以及970 nm吸收峰，为Fe²⁺，Fe³⁺，Cr³⁺作用。显微紫外-可见光谱可分析到样品的近红外区，“黑青”在1 397，2 310，2 387和2 466 nm出现强吸收峰，1 915和2 120 nm出现弱吸收峰；“黑碧”在1 400，2 313和2 394 nm出现吸收峰。红外光谱分析“黑青”在5 225，4 738，4 692，5 349，4 317，4 190和4 064 cm^-1存在吸收峰；“黑碧”在4 708，4 307，4 178和4 031 cm^-1存在吸收峰。显微紫外-可见光谱与红外光谱分析结果虽然存在小的差异，但基本保持一致，以红外光谱分析结果为准。将透闪石质的“黑青”、阳起石质的“黑碧”、广西大化阳起石质玉进行对比，综合红外光谱和显微紫外-可见光谱分析结果得出“黑青”（透闪石）与“黑碧”（阳起石）近红外光谱的鉴别特征：“黑青”（透闪石）在4 800～4 600 cm^-1存在两个吸收峰，4 350～4 300 cm^-1存在分裂双吸收峰；“黑碧”（阳起石）在4 800～4 600 cm^-1存在一个弱吸收峰，4 350～4 300 cm^-1存在一个吸收单峰。且“黑碧”（阳起石）的近红外吸收峰相较于“黑青”（透闪石）整体向低波数方向移动。

关键词：“黑青”；“黑碧”；透闪石；阳起石；近红外光谱；鉴别特征

Abstract：“Heiqing” refers to dolomite-related nephrite with the color of the nearly black whose main component is tremolite. “Heibi” refers to serpentinite-related nephrite with the color of the nearly black whose main component is actinolite. EPMA, LA-ICP-MS and FTIR spectrum were applied to obtain the mineral species of “Heiqing” and “Heibi”. Raman spectrum, Micro-UV-Visible spectrophotometer and FTIR spectrum were used to investigate the spectral identification characteristics of “Heiqing” and “Heibi”. “Heiqing” have the standard tremolite peak position, and main peak positions of “Heibi” have several wavenumber deviations, which move in the direction of small wavenumber. In visible-near infrared band “Heiqing” appear 445 nm absorption peak and 680, 940nm wide absorption band, which were attributed to the role of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺; “Heibi” appears 445 nm absorption peak, 660, 690 nm double absorption peak and 970 nm , which were attributed to the role of Fe²⁺ and Fe³⁺, Cr³⁺. The near-infrared region of the samples can be analyzed by Micro-UV-Visible spectrophotometer. The strong absorption peaks of “Heiqing” appear at 1 397, 2 310, 2 387 and 2 466 nm, and the weak absorption peaks appear 1 915 and 2 120 nm; The absorption peaks of “Heibi” appear at 1 400, 2313 and 2 394 nm. The results of FTIR spectrum indicates that the absorption peaks of “Heiqing” were at 5 225, 4 738, 4 692, 4 349, 4 317, 4 190, 4 064 cm^-1and the absorption peaks of “Heibi” were at 4 708, 4 307, 4 178 and 4 031 cm^-1. Although there aresome small differences between the results of Microscopic UV-Visible spectrum and FTTR spectrum analysis, the results are basically consistent, the results of FTIR spectrum analysis shall prevail. By comparing “Heiqing”, “Heibi” and actinolite jade of Dahua, the near-infrared spectrum identification characteristics of “Heiqing”(tremolite) and “Heibi”(actinolite) are “Heiqing”(Tremolite) have two absorption peaks at 4 800～4 600 cm^-1, and split double absorption peaks at 4 350～4 300 cm^-1. “Heibi”(actinolite) have a weak absorption peak at 4 800～4 600 cm^-1, and a single absorption peak at 4 350～4 300 cm^-1. Moreover, the whole near-infrared absorption peaks of “Heibi” (actinolite) moves in the direction of smaller wavenumber than “Heiqing” (Tremolite).

Key words：“Heiqing”; “Heibi”; Tremolite; Actinolite; Near-infrared spectroscopy; Identification characteristics

收稿日期: 2019-11-25 修订日期: 2020-04-22

中图分类号:

O657.3

基金资助: 国家重点研发计划项目（2018YFF0215403）资助

通讯作者: 杨明星 E-mail: yangc@cug.edu.cn

作者简介: 代路路，1992年生，中国地质大学（武汉）珠宝学院硕士研究生 e-mail: 1289139813@qq.com

引用本文:

代路路，姜炎，杨明星. “黑青”“黑碧”的谱学鉴别特征探究[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2021, 41(01): 292-298.
DAI Lu-lu, JIANG Yan, YANG Ming-xing. Study on the Spectral Identification Characteristics of “Heiqing” and “Heibi”. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2021, 41(01): 292-298.

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