建立了一种使用显微拉曼成像光谱仪检验发射火药、 火药燃烧后产物和射击残留物的方法。 取警用仿9×19巴拉贝鲁姆手枪弹发射药颗粒和“QSZ92式”9毫米手枪发射药燃烧后的产物, 同时提取射击者手部射击残留物、 枪管内射击残留物和目标靶物上射击残留物。 使用显微拉曼成像光谱仪对采集的发射火药、 火药燃烧后产物和射击残留物样本进行拉曼检测。 实验中发现检测上述样品宜采用455 nm波长激光, 此波段激光可有效避开荧光的干扰; 激光强度选择6.0 mW, 该能量下拉曼强度可达到最大, 与其他杂峰有较好的区分; 同时观察物镜选择50倍条件, 该倍数条件下, 可看到待测样本的微观形态特征, 也可以最大程度的吸收拉曼信号。 采用以上参数, 待测样本获得的拉曼信号效果最好。 拉曼光谱的检测谱图结果证明发射火药、 火药燃烧后成分和其他部位提取的射击残留物主要成分基本一致, 这些成分主要来源于待测样品中的有机成分部分。 火药燃烧后成分和其他部位提取射击残留物的某些部分拉曼强度相对于发射火药有所下降和变化, 实验中荧光现象有所加强, 证明了射击后某些特定的成分会发生变化。 50倍物镜条件下, 微观形态可比性强, 发现待测物表面存在表面黑亮、 塌陷空洞和裂缝等特点, 这些特点可视为不同类型待测样品的典型微观形态特征, 也可作为判定射击残留物的有力证据。 该方法可利用拉曼光谱对发射火药、 火药燃烧后产物和射击残留物进行无损检验, 符合当下光谱检验和法庭科学对此类样品的检验要求。 同时方法的灵敏度高, 分析速度快, 操作简便。

To establish a method to use Raman Microscope Imaging Spectrometer to inspect the propellant powder, the product after the propellant combustion, and the shooting residue. Collect the propellant particles of the imitation 9×19 Balabellum pistol ammunition and the combustion product of the “QSZ92” 9 mm pistol propellant and extract the shooting residue from the shooter’s hand, the shooting residue in the barrel and the target. Shoot the residue on the target. The Raman Microscope Imaging Spectrometer was used to perform Raman detection on the collected propellant gunpowder, gunpowder combustion products and shooting residue samples. The experiment found that 455 nm laser should be used to detect the above samples. This wavelength laser can effectively avoid the interference of fluorescence; the laser intensity is 6.0 mW, the energy Raman intensity can reach the maximum, and it can be better distinguished from other impurity peaks; observe the objective lens at the same time choose the 50 times condition. Under these multiple conditions, the microscopic morphological characteristics of the sample to be tested can be seen, and the Raman signal can be absorbed to the greatest extent. Using the above parameters, the Raman signal obtained by the sample to be tested has the best effect. The results of the detection spectrum of Raman spectroscopy proved that the main components of the gunpowder, the composition after the burning of the gunpowder and the shooting residue extracted from other parts were basically the same, and these components were mainly derived from the organic components in the sample to be tested. After the gunpowder is burned, the Raman intensity of some parts of the gunpowder and other parts extracted from the shooting residue has decreased and changed relative to the fired gunpowder. The fluorescence phenomenon has been strengthened in the experiment, which proves that certain specific components will change after the shooting. Under the condition of a 50x objective lens, the microscopic morphology is highly comparable. It is found that the surface of the object to be tested has the characteristics of the black and bright surface, collapsed voids and cracks. These characteristics can be regarded as the typical microscopic morphological features of different types of samples to be tested and can also be used as a judgment shot strong evidence of residue. This method can use Raman spectroscopy to perform non-destructive testing of propelled gunpowder, products after burning of gunpowder, and shooting residues, which meets the current spectral inspection and forensic inspection requirements for such samples. At the same time, the method has high sensitivity, fast analysis speed and easy operation.