|
|
|
|
|
|
| The Effect of Oil-in-Water on the Upward Radiance Spectrum in Seawater |
| YANG Jun-jie1, HUANG Miao-fen2*, LUO Wei-jian3, WANG Zhong-lin2, XING Xu-feng2 |
1. School of Electronics and Information Engineering，Guangdong Ocean University，Zhanjiang 524088，China
2. School of Mathematics and Computer Science，Guangdong Ocean University，Zhanjiang 524088，China
3. School of Ocean and Meteorology，Guangdong Ocean University，Zhanjiang 524088，China
|
|
|
|
|
Abstract Currently, oil slick detection at a large scale by remote sensing is widely concerned. However, oil-in-water, which is subject to seawater and chemical dispersant’s physical process, can also harm marine environment and organisms. The upward radiance of seawater is the key signal of watercolor sensors, so finding the approaches to detecting oil-in-water by analyzing the feature of the upward radiance spectrum for oil-in-water waters is also significant for the marine ecosystems. A simulation, which parameters were from the ground-based measurement at Dalian Port, was made by Hydro light for the computation of the underwater light field of seawater, which contains oil-in-water. To reveal the feature of the upward radiance as a function of wavelength, water depth and zenith angle, and to analyze the effect of oil-in-water on the upward radiance spectra and its response spectra in seawater medium. The simulation shows that oil-in-water mainly affects the visible spectrum. The peak of the upward radiance spectrum shifts from 417.5 to 442.5~472.5 nm and the value of the radiance decreases as the content of oil-in-water increases. It is the primary spectrum basis for detecting oil-in-water by the ocean color remote sensing techniques, for these responses belong to the detection domain of watercolor remote sensing. Besides, the upward radiance curves decrease with increasing water depth, then increase near the bottom. It indicates that the upward radiance just above the sea surface is contributed by the backscattering of water components at depth, the reflection of the bottom and the upward transmission through the air-water surface, following the radiative transfer model. It is different from the detection mechanism of oil slicks by changing the reflection ratio of the nature sea surface. Furthermore, compared with seawater’s upward radiance, which contains oil-in-water, the reflection of direct solar radiation is powerful enough to shield the upward radiance. The swing capability of satellite-borne ocean color sensors can exclude the direct solar reflection to sense the upward spectral signals of oil-in-water. Meanwhile, the high signal to noise ratio of ocean color sensors and the transit time of ocean color satellites from 10 am to 2 pm also meet the detection requirement of dark pixels for waters containing oil-in-water. This paper indicates the spectral basis and the radiative transfer mechanism to detect oil-in-water by ocean color remote sensing techniques. It shows that the oil-in-water can be regarded as a new water component to develop the remote sensing inversion model to retrieve oil-in-water by the radiative transfer procedure of light in water media.
|
|
Received: 2021-09-13
Accepted: 2022-02-23
|
|
|
|
Corresponding Authors:
HUANG Miao-fen
E-mail: huangmf@gdou.edu.cn
|
|
[1] Lu Y C，Zhan W F，Hu C M. Remote Sensing of Environment，2016，181：207.
[2] Zhang B，Perrie W，Li X F，et al. Geophysical Research Letters，2011，38(10)：L10602.
[3] Lu Y C，Shi J，Wen Y S，et al. Remote Sensing of Environment，2019，230：111183.
[4] Drozdowska V，Freda W，Baszanowska E，et al. The European Physical Journal Special Topics，2013，222(9)：2157.
[5] Kopelevich O，Sheberstov S，Vazyulya S. Journal of Marine Science and Engineering，2020，8(6)：456.
[6] Sundarabalan B，Shanmugam P，Ahn Y H. Ocean Science Journal，2016，51(1)：67.
[7] Mobley C D. light and water. San Diego：Academic，1994. 22.
[8] Stramski D，Tegowski J. Journal of Geophysical Research，2001，106(C12)：31345.
[9] Sundarabalan B，Shanmugam P，Manjusha S. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer，2013，121：30.
[10] National Research Council (U. S. ). Oil in the Sea III Inputs, Fates, and Effects. Washington，D. C：The National Academies Press，2003：63.
[11] Johansen Ø，Brandvik P J，Farooq U. Marine Pollution Bulletin，2013，73(1)：327.
[12] Hedley J D，Mobley C D，Sumdman L K. Hydrolight 5.3 Users’ Guide. Numerical Optics Ltd：Numerical Optics Ltd，2017. 5.
[13] HUANG Miao-fen，TANG Jun-wu，SONG Qing-jun（黄妙芬，唐军武，宋庆君）. Journal of Remote Sensing(遥感学报)，2010，14(1)：131.
[14] HUANG Miao-fen，ZHUANG Yang，LIU Yang，et al（黄妙芬，庄 炀，刘 杨，等）. Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology (海洋湖沼通报)，2020，174(3)：141.
[15] LUO Wei-jian，HUANG Miao-fen，YANG Jun-jie，et al（骆蔚健，黄妙芬，杨俊杰，等）. Marine Sciences (海洋科学)，2021，45(10)：49.
|
| [1] |
SONG Zi-hao, HAN Yang*, WEI Chen-yang, CHEN Xin, GU Qian-yi, LIU Zi-ping, LIU Sha-sha. Comparison of Polarized Spectral Characteristics Between
Petroleum-Polluted Cropland Soil and Wetland Soil[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2022, 42(08): 2603-2609. |
| [2] |
LIU Xiao-yan, YANG Qian*, LIU Qiao-jun. Adaptability Analysis of Various Versions of GDPS Based on QA Score for GOCI Data Processing in the Yellow Sea[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2021, 41(07): 2233-2239. |
| [3] |
LIU Xiao-yan1, YANG Qian1*, CHEN Shu-guo2, HU Lian-bo2, ZONG Fang-yi1, LIU Qiao-jun1. The Scattering Characteristics and Classifications of Particulate Matters in Jiaozhou Bay and Qingdao Coastal Areas[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2020, 40(10): 3102-3107. |
| [4] |
TIAN Li-qiao1, LI Sen1*, SUN Xiang-han1, TONG Ru-qing1, SONG Qing-jun2, SUN Zhao-hua3, LI Yong1. Development of a Novel Floating Water Spectral Measurement System Based on Skylight-Blocked Approach[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2020, 40(09): 2756-2763. |
| [5] |
PANG Shu-na1, ZHU Wei-ning1*, CHEN Jiang2, SUN Nan3, HUANG Li-tong1, ZHANG Yu-sen1, ZHANG Ze-liang1. Using Landsat-8 to Remotely Estimate and Observe Spatio-Temporal Variations of Total Suspended Matter in Zhoushan Coastal Regions[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2019, 39(12): 3826-3832. |
| [6] |
SHEN Qian, LI Jun-sheng*, ZHANG Bing, WU Yan-hong, ZOU Lei, WU Tai-xia . Analyzing Spectral Characteristics of Water Involving In-Situ Multiangle Polarized Reflectance and Extraction of Water-Leaving Radiance [J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2016, 36(10): 3269-3273. |
| [7] |
LIU Jia1,2, GONG Fang1*, HE Xian-qiang1, ZHU Qian-kun1, HUANG Hai-qing1 . Impact of Light Polarization on the Measurement of Water Particulate Backscattering Coefficient [J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2016, 36(01): 31-37. |
| [8] |
DAI Qian1,2, PAN De-lu1, HE Xian-qiang1*, ZHU Qian-kun1, GONG Fang1, HUANG Hai-qing1. High-Frequency Observation of Water Spectrum and Its Application in Monitoring of Dynamic Variation of Suspended Materials in the Hangzhou Bay[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2015, 35(11): 3247-3254. |
| [9] |
ZENG Qun1，2, ZHAO Yue2, TIAN Li-qiao3*, CHEN Xiao-ling3, 4 . Evaluation on the Atmospheric Correction Methods for Water Color Remote Sensing by Using HJ-1A/1B CCD Image-Taking Poyang Lake in China as a Case[J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2013, 33(05): 1320-1326. |
| [10] |
CHEN Li-qiong1, CHEN Xiao-ling1, 2, 3, TIAN Li-qiao1*, QIU Feng1 . Partitioning of the Suspended Particulate Spectral Scattering Coefficient in Poyang Lake [J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2012, 32(03): 729-733. |
| [11] |
SHEN Qian1, ZHANG Bing1,2*, LI Jun-sheng1, WU Yuan-feng1, WU Di1, SONG Yang1, ZHANG Fang-fang1,2, WANG Gan-lin1,2. Characteristic Wavelengths Analysis for Remote Sensing Reflectance on Water Surface in Taihu Lake [J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2011, 31(07): 1892-1897. |
| [12] |
FENG Wei-wei1, WANG Rui1, SUN Pei-yan2, GAO Zhen-hui2, CHEN Ling-xin1* . The Study of Fluorescence Spectrum Using Ultraviolet-Laser for Several Typical Oil Pollutants [J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2011, 31(05): 1168-1170. |
| [13] |
ZHANG Min-wei1, DONG Qing1, TANG Jun-wu2,3, SONG Qing-jun4 . Study on Using Apparent Spectrum to Retrieve the Inherent Optical Properties of Ocean Water [J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2011, 31(05): 1403-1408. |
| [14] |
ZHOU Guan-hua1,2, TIAN Guo-liang3, CHEN Jun4, LI Jing5, GONG A-du5* . Research of Coupling Effects among Various Water Quality Components [J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2010, 30(02): 470-475. |
| [15] |
ZHANG Jin-jing1, DOU Sen1, XIE Xiu-hong2, TANG Li-na1, SONG Xiang-yun3, QU Xiao-jing1 . Structural Characteristics of Humic Acids from a Long-Term Petroleum Contaminated Soil [J]. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2009, 29(06): 1531-1535. |
|
|
|
|
