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| Multispectral Analysis on Lacquer Films of Boxes Excavated From Haiqu Cemetery During the Han Dynasties |
| WU Shuang-cheng1, 3, CHENG Pu2, LI Ting-ting2, YANG Yang2, TIE Fu-de1*, JIN Pu-jun2* |
1. School of Cultural Heritage, Northwest University, Xi’an 710069, China
2. School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, China
3. Shandong Provincial Cultural Relics Restoration Center, Jinan 250014, China
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Abstract The Haiqu Cemetery in Rizhao city, Shandong province, was one of the top ten great archaeological discoveries of 2002, where roughly 500 lacquerwares with high historical, scientific and artistic value were excavated. Most of them, lacquer boxes exhibit properties with complicated shapes and exquisite representing the highest level of lacquering craft at that time. According to the cross-section of lacquer film, a multilayer structure is observed, including a thick Qihui layer, thick undercoat layer and colored thin paint layer. Mercury sulfide (HgS) is employed as pigment for the red lacquer film and red pattern, and the Qihui layer uses clay and bone-ash as inorganic fillers. The FTIR diagrams show a strong homogeneity between the analyzed ancient lacquer film and simulated lacquer film produced by modern lacquer raw, and a significant difference about peaks at 400～1 000 cm-1 occurring in ancient-lacquer film corresponding to the infrared absorptive bands of quartz. UV-Vis absorption spectra reveal the absorption in the range 260～265 nm for π→π* transition K band with conjugated π system and the other absorption in the range 300～320 nm for n→π* transition R band of C═O bonds. The disappearances of the K band in some samples reflect the serious degradation for those samples, and the general enhancement of the R band reflects continuous oxidation occurring in these ancient lacquer films in long-term burial conditions. This research will benefit to understanding the characteristics of Han Dynasty lacquering technology and revealing the degradable properties of ancient lacquer film enlightening for their research, conservation and duplication.
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Received: 2021-03-29
Accepted: 2021-06-17
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Corresponding Authors:
TIE Fu-de, JIN Pu-jun
E-mail: jinpj@snnu.edu.cn; 571549655@qq.com
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