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Preparation, Microstructure and Optical Properties of Cr3+ Single-Doped and Eu3+/Cr3+ Co-Doped GdAlO3 Near Infrared Long Persistent Luminescent Nanoparticles |
ZHAN Ying-fei, LIU Chun-guang*, WANG Ming-wei, YANG Jian, ZHU Han-cheng, YAN Duan-ting, XU Chang-shan, LIU Yu-xue |
School of Physics, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China |
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Abstract It is important to prepare new nanoparticles that can be simultaneously used as contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging and optical probes for near-infrared afterglow optical imaging in the biomedical field. In this paper, single-phase GdAlO3∶x%Cr3+ and GdAlO3∶1%Cr3+,y%Eu3+ near-infrared persistent luminescent nanoparticles with different doping concentrations wereprepared by a self-propagating combustion method. Their microstructure and optical properties were studied by means of X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, excitation and emission spectra and luminescent kinetics analysis. It is found that, for Cr3+ single doped samples, Cr3+ ions replace the Al3+ sites and the average particle size is ~202 nm. From excitation spectra of GdAlO3∶x%Cr3+ samples, it can be found that, the excitation peaks are attributed to transitions of Cr3+ and Gd3+ ions. Meanwhile, four emission peaks appear in the near-infrared range of 650~750 nm upon 583 nm excitation. Among them, the emission peak at 725 nm belongs to the zero phonon line (PZL) and those peaks at 700 and 750 nm can be attributed to the emissions from phonon sidebands (PS) of the 2E→4A2 forbidden transitions, respectively. In the doping concentration range of 0.2%~2.0%, the intensities of these emission peaks show an initial increase and a subsequent decrease with the increase of Cr3+ doping concentration. When the doping concentration reaches 1%, the strongest intensity can be obtained. However, the intensity of the emission peak at 735 nm increases with the increase of Cr3+ concentration, which is attributed to the emission from Cr3+-Cr3+ pairs. It is found that long afterglow luminescence at 725 nm can be observed for Cr3+ single-doped nanoparticles. Among them, the afterglow time of GdAlO3∶1%Cr3+ nanoparticles is the longest and exceeds 30 s. On the basis of the above optimal Cr3+ concentration (1%), single-phase Eu3+/Cr3+ co-doped GdAlO3 nanoparticles were prepared by the replacement of Gd3+by Eu3+. It is found that several emission peaks dominated by the emission at 614 nm can be observed in the red region under 266 nm excitation. In particular, the near-infrared emission peak of Cr3+ at 725 nm appears under 266 nm excitation due to the presence of the energy transfer from Eu3+ to Cr3+. It is found that, compared to the Cr3+ single-doped sample, GdAlO3∶1%Cr3+, 13%Eu3+ sample exhibits the stronger afterglow emission intensity of Cr3+ at 725 nm after stopping 275 nm UV light irradiation for 5 minutes, although its average particle size is reduced to ~167 nm. By the comparative analyses of the results of absorption and emission spectra and luminescence kinetics of single-doped and co-doped samples, it is proved that the existence of a persistent energy transfer from Eu3+ to Cr3+leads to the enhanced near-infrared afterglow intensity. Meanwhile, this study provides new strategies for designing new near-infrared long persistent luminescent nanomaterials.
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Received: 2019-12-11
Accepted: 2020-04-18
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Corresponding Authors:
LIU Chun-guang
E-mail: liucg@.nenu.edu.cn
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