1. Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Postdoctoral Programme, Harbin 150086, China 2. Institute of Soil Fertilizer and Environment Resource, Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin 150086, China
Abstract：Scanning Electron Microscope-Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDX) was applied to analyze the chemical and structural properties of biochars produced under different temperatures. Results showed that average carbon content (SEM C aver.) and maximum carbon content (SEM C max.) of miscanthus (MS) biochar increased as temperature increasing. There were significant and positive relationships between SEM C max., SEM C aver. and highest treatment temperature (HTT) (r were 0.76 and 0.86). SEM C max., SEM C aver. and dry combustion total carbon content had significant and positive relationships (r were 0.83 and 0.91), SEM C max. which was better than SEM C aver. So the carbon content of MS biochar which had good correlationship with temperature analyzed by SEM-EDX, SEM C max. could be used for composition analysis of biochar, scanning results could analyze structural properties of biochar effectively. This method is rapid, simple and stable. It also could analyze structure and composition of biochar simultaneously. It is a promising method that would be useful to study the structure and composition of biochar and other materials.
Key words：Scanning electron microscope;Energy dispersive;Biochar;Maximum carbon content;Average carbon content
[1] Shackley S, Carter S, Knowles T, et al. Energy Policy, 2012, 42: 49. [2] DOU Sen, ZHOU Gui-yu, YANG Xiang-yu et al(窦 森, 周桂玉, 杨翔宇, 等). Acta Pedologica Sinica(土壤学报), 2012, 49(4): 798. [3] GUO Da-yong, FAN Ming-sheng, ZHANG Fu-suo(郭大勇, 范明生, 张福锁). Plant Nutrition and Fertilizer Science(植物营养与肥料学报)，2012, 18(5): 1252. [4] Lehmann J, Joseph S. Biochar for Environmental Management: an Introduction. In: Lehmann, J., Joseph, S. (Eds.), Biochar for Environmental Management Science and Technology. Earthscans, UK, 2009, 1. [5] Luke B M. Marta. Environmental Pollution, 2011, 159: 474. [6] Chia C H, Gong B, Joseph S D, et al. Vibrational Spectroscopy, 2012, 62: 248. [7] Parmila D, Anil K S. International Journal of Chemtech Research, 2013, 5: 682. [8] Luo Y, Durenkamp M, De Nobili M, et al. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 2013, 57: 513. [9] ZHENG Qing-fu, WANG Yong-he, SUN Yue-guang, et al(郑庆福, 王永和, 孙月光, 等). Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis (光谱学与光谱分析)，2014, 34(4): 962. [10] Kim K H, Kim J, Cho T，et al. Bioresource Technology, 2012, 118: 158. [11] Al-Wabel M I, Al-Omran A, El-Naggar A H，et al. Bioresource Technology, 2013, 131: 374. [12] Budai A, Wang L, Grnli M，et al. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 2014, 62: 3791.
