A Hyperspectral Imagery Anomaly Detection Algorithm Based on Gauss-Markov Model
GAO Kun1, LIU Ying1, WANG Li-jing1,2, ZHU Zhen-yu1, CHENG Hao-bo1
1. Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic Imaging Technology and System, Beijing Institute of Technology, Ministry of Education, Beijing 100081, China 2. Academy of Opto-Electronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100094, China
Abstract：With the development of spectral imaging technology, hyperspectral anomaly detection is getting more and more widely used in remote sensing imagery processing. The traditional RX anomaly detection algorithm neglects spatial correlation of images. Besides, it doesnot validly reduce the data dimension, which costs too much processing time and shows low validity on hyperspectral data. The hyperspectral images follow Gauss-Markov Random Field (GMRF) in space and spectral dimensions. The inverse matrix of covariance matrix is able to be directly calculated by building the Gauss-Markov parameters, which avoids the huge calculation of hyperspectral data. This paper proposes an improved RX anomaly detection algorithm based on three-dimensional GMRF. The hyperspectral imagery data is simulated with GMRF model, and the GMRF parameters are estimated with the Approximated Maximum Likelihood method. The detection operator is constructed with GMRF estimation parameters. The detecting pixel is considered as the centre in a local optimization window, which calls GMRF detecting window. The abnormal degree is calculated with mean vector and covariance inverse matrix, and the mean vector and covariance inverse matrix are calculated within the window. The image is detected pixel by pixel with the moving of GMRF window. The traditional RX detection algorithm, the regional hypothesis detection algorithm based on GMRF and the algorithm proposed in this paper are simulated with AVIRIS hyperspectral data. Simulation results show that the proposed anomaly detection method is able to improve the detection efficiency and reduce false alarm rate. We get the operation time statistics of the three algorithms in the same computer environment. The results show that the proposed algorithm improves the operation time by 45.2%, which shows good computing efficiency.
Key words：Gauss-Markov random field;Anomaly detection;Hyperspectral imagery;RX algorithm
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