Optimization of Parameters for Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Analysis of Gold Based on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm Based on Orthogonal Experiment
1. Xi'an Center of Mineral Resources Survey，China Geological Survey, Xi'an 710100，China
2. Institute of Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences, Langfang 065000，China
3. Guangdong Provincial Academy of Environmental Science, Guangzhou 510045, China
4. Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China
Abstract：A new round of domestic strategic mining search operation is in full swing, gold mineral resources with their unique rarity and strategic with a special significance, its analysis and detection technology affects the accurate testing of gold elements directly. Taking gold element in ore as the research object, the orthogonal test design scheme is used to test the method of aqua regia concentration, oscillation time and thiourea concentration in the experimental elements, and the relative error of determination results is quantified; In accordance with the hierarchical analysis method AHP to determine the element indicators, establish the matrix, consistency judgment steps to calculate the element weights as (0.252, 0.159, 0.589), calculate the contrast strength and conflict of orthogonal test data through the objective weighting CRITIC method, the element weights are calculated as (0.452, 0.172, 0.377), and propose the combined analysis of element weights based on AHP-CRITIC hybrid weighting algorithm, the results are (0.314, 0.075, 0.611); Using particle swarm algorithm to construct particle multidimensional space, design algorithm flowchart by iterative position of particle velocity and direction attributes, combine the results of hybrid weighting algorithm to correct inertia weights by linear decreasing in the iterative process, optimize the learning factor of particles at the beginning and end of iteration, combine the results of orthogonal test to establish the target fitness function using particle swarm algorithm, improve the algorithm flow, applying MATLAB software simulate the iterative process of particle swarm, the optimized particle swarm algorithm is obtained converging to the optimal combination from each global position and direction by gradually, and the optimal condition parameters for finding the gold elements by atomic absorption spectrometry are 10.62% concentration of aqua regia, 32.8 min oscillation time, and 9.5 g·L-1 concentration of thiourea. The validation results of the particle swarm optimization algorithm show that the gold standard analytes GAu-15a, GAu-16b, GAu-17b, GAu-18b, GAu-19b and GAu-22a have been tested in 11 parallel tests under the optimized parameters of the analytical conditions. The average value, relative error, and relative standard deviation indicatorsare calculated, and all of them satisfied the “Geology and Mineral Laboratory Test Quality Management Specification”. It is shown that the particle swarm optimization algorithm based on an orthogonal test is scientifically feasible for the optimization problem of gold elemental parameters analyzed by atomic absorption spectrometry, and the correctness and stability of the optimization algorithm are verified, which provides new research ideas for the new round of strategic mineral search business in domestic. The method proposes a hybrid weighting algorithm combined with evolutionary computational techniques to find optimal solutions for multi-objective parameters, which is expected to be extended to test environments in other fields of analytical laboratories and more prospective applications in scientific research seeking the direction of parameter optimization.
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