基于3DEEM-PARAFAC研究连作花生不同健康状态下根际有机质组成特性

doi:10.3964/j.issn.1000-0593(2022)02-0634-08

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摘要：连作花生的土传病害问题突出，但土传病害发生与土壤环境尤其是根际土壤中可溶性有机质（DOM）组成结构的内在联系尚不清楚。通过在县域范围内多点采集连作地的花生健康植株和发病植株及根际土壤，测定根际土壤性质的部分指标，利用三维荧光光谱（3DEEM）技术和平行因子方法（PARAFAC）表征根际土DOM的组成特征，探究花生病害对根际DOM组成的影响。结果表明，（1）花生健康与发病植株的根际土壤可溶性有机碳（DOC）等基本特性无显著差异；（2）通过3DEEM-PARAFAC方法共识别了五种荧光组分，包括类色氨酸蛋白质（C1）、类富里酸（C2）、类微生物腐殖质（C3）、类腐殖酸（C4）和类酪氨酸蛋白质（C5），且花生健康与发病植株的根际土壤DOM荧光组分组成存在显著差异。健康植株根际DOM类色氨酸组分 (C1)平均占比为53.79%，显著高于发病植株的25.72%，其他组分则相反；健康植株根际DOM的生物源指数（BIX）和腐殖化指数（HIX）分别为（0.95±0.03）和（1.87±0.25），均显著高于花生病株根际的（0.82±0.02）和（0.98±0.09），较高BIX和HIX值可能是根际健康环境发展的内在要求；（3）主坐标轴分析显示，通过三维荧光表征的荧光特性可以显著分异健康组与发病组；（4）相关性分析表明，花生生物量与DOM各个组分均具有显著相关性，且与BIX、HIX显著正相关，而Mcknight指数与部分土壤性质密切相关；方差分解结果显示，花生生物量对DOM组成变异的解释率高达40%，而土壤性质不能显著解释DOM组成的变异，说明花生的生长状况是影响根际土壤DOM组成的重要因子。综上所述，花生健康状况与根际土壤DOM组成和荧光特性之间存在相互关系，可为认识土传病害发生机理及制定科学的调控方案提供理论参考。

关键词：连作花生；健康状态；根际土壤；可溶性有机质；三维荧光光谱；平行因子分析

Abstract：The soil-borne disease of continuous cropping peanut is serious, but the internal relationship between the occurrence of soil-borne disease and soil factors, especially the dissolved organic matter (DOM) composition of rhizosphere soil, is still unclear. In order to explore the effect of peanut diseases on the rhizosphere soil DOM composition, the rhizosphere soils of healthy and diseased peanut plants were collected from multiple locations in Yu Jiang county. Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3DEEM) and parallel factor method (PARAFAC) were used to analyze the variations of DOM compositions among rhizosphere soils of diseased and healthy peanut plants. Results showed no significant difference in the basic properties of rhizosphere soil between healthy peanut and diseased peanut. Five DOM components, including tryptophan-like (C1), fulvic-like (C2), microbial-humic-like (C3), humic-like (C4) and tyrosine-like (C5) were identified, and the variations of DOM fluorescence component composition in the rhizosphere soil between healthy peanut and diseased peanut were significantly different. The tryptophan-like (C1) in the rhizosphere soil of healthy plants accounted for 53.79%, which was significantly higher than 25.72% in diseased plants, while the opposite trend appeared in other components; The BIX and HIX of DOM in the rhizosphere soil of healthy peanut were (0.95±0.03) and (1.87±0.25), respectively, which were significantly higher than (0.82±0.02) and (0.98±0.09) of diseased peanut. Higher BIX and HIX values could be an intrinsic signature to rhizosphere environment keeping healthy. The Principal Co-ordinates Analysis showed that the healthy group and the diseased group could be effectively differentiated by the fluorescence components characterized with the application of 3DEEM-PARAFAC. A significant correlation was found between peanut biomass and each component of DOM by Correlation Analysis. Furthermore, peanut biomass showed a significantly positive correlation with BIX and HIX, while the Mcknight index was only closely related to some soil properties. The Variance Partitioning Analysis showed that the explanation rate of peanut biomass to the variation of DOM composition was up to 40%. However, Soil properties could not significantly explain the variation of DOM composition, indicating that peanut growth status is an important factor affecting the DOM composition of rhizosphere soil. In summary, there is a correlation between peanut health and DOM composition with fluorescence characteristics of rhizosphere soil, which can provide a theoretical reference to understand the pathogenesis of peanut soil-borne diseases and guide the establishment of relevant scientific control schemes.

Key words：Continuous cropping peanuts; Health status; Rhizosphere soil; Dissolved organic matter; Three-dimensional excitation-emission matrices; Parallel factor analysis

收稿日期: 2020-12-31 修订日期: 2021-02-04

中图分类号:

S153.6+2

基金资助: 国家自然科学基金项目(41771298)和江西省重点研发计划一般项目（20203BBF63039）资助

通讯作者: 李忠佩 E-mail: zhpli@issas.ac.cn

作者简介: 刘天顺，1994年生，中国科学院南京土壤研究所/土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室硕士研究生
e-mail：liutianshun@issas.ac.cn

引用本文:

刘天顺，李朋发，李桂龙，吴萌，刘明，刘凯，李忠佩. 基于3DEEM-PARAFAC研究连作花生不同健康状态下根际有机质组成特性[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2022, 42(02): 634-641.
LIU Tian-shun, LI Peng-fa, LI Gui-long, WU Meng, LIU Ming, LIU Kai, LI Zhong-pei. Using Three-Dimensional Excitation-Emission Matrix to Study the Compositions of Dissolved Organic Matter in the Rhizosphere Soil of Continuous Cropping Peanuts With Different Health States. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2022, 42(02): 634-641.

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