Research on Spectral Measurement Technology and Surface Material Analysis of Space Target
DENG Shi-yu1，2, LIU Cheng-zhi1，4*, TAN Yong3*, LIU De-long1, JIANG Chun-xu3, KANG Zhe1, LI Zhen-wei1, FAN Cun-bo1，4, ZHU Cheng-wei1, ZHANG Nan1, CHEN Long1，2, NIU Bing-li1，2, LÜ Zhong3
1. Changchun Observatory of National Astronomical Observators, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130117, China
2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
3. School of Science, Changchun University of Science and Technology，Changchun 130022, China
4. Key Laboratory of Space Object & Debris Observation, PMO, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China
Abstract：With the ever-increasing space activities and the rapid increase in the number of space debris, it is especially important to catalog and identify unknown space debris. Because rocket bodies, artificial satellites and their fragments are exposed in space, their surface materials’ physical and chemical properties will undergo major changes. At present, the research on the surface materials of space targets is mainly concentrated in ground laboratories, and it is impossible to judge the state changes in deep space accurately. Using a large field of view space target photoelectric telescope and spectrum test terminal. The spectral characteristics of space targets can be studied in real-time, and the influence of material characteristics changes on target characteristics recognition can be further explored. In this study, by using the Changchun Observatory of National Astronomical Observators’s 1.2 m space target photoelectric telescope and related spectrum test terminal, combined with image preprocessing software to obtain the hyperspectral image of the space target, and using the astronomical method IRAF to extract the spectral one-dimensional data, obtain analyze data. Partial least squares method is used to inversely analyze the area ratio and confidence of surface materials. In the experiment, the spectral data of 6 space targets were inverted separately. The inversion results of 6 commonly used aviation materials showed that all targets could resolve at least 2 materials. The common inversion showed a golden insulation film, which is a certain surface of the space target. One of the materials contained has a higher surface area ratio, and the results were approximately at 0.75, 0.78, 0.78, 0.59, 0.71, 0.45. Mainly, 4 targets appeared carbon fiber board. The results was approximately at 0.19, 0.22, 0.07, 0.24; 3 targets appeared gallium arsenide, the results were approximately at 0.07, 0.15, 0.17; 2 targets appeared Si, the result were approximately at 0.29, 0.55. And the confidence levels are approximately at 84.7%, 80.4%, 84.1%, 82.8%, 82.6%, 79.6%. The experimental results show that the observation method is reliable, and the research results in the field of space target observation technology, data acquisition, research analysis, etc. have a reference role for subsequent in-depth exploration. The experimental results and the source of the space target are highly self-consistent, the research method is simple and feasible, and the compatibility with traditional optical observations is good. This method expands the research field of precision tracking space target observation. It has the scientific significance of analyzing the space environment where the target is located, and has the application prospect of the safe operation of space targets.
Key words：Space targets; Surface materials; Spectral detection technology; Partial least squares method; Area ratio; Confidence
邓诗宇，刘承志，谭 勇，刘德龙，姜春旭，康 喆，李振伟，范存波，朱成伟，张 楠，陈 龙，牛炳力，吕 众. 空间目标光谱实测技术与表面材料分析研究[J]. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2021, 41(10): 3299-3306.
DENG Shi-yu, LIU Cheng-zhi, TAN Yong, LIU De-long, JIANG Chun-xu, KANG Zhe, LI Zhen-wei, FAN Cun-bo, ZHU Cheng-wei, ZHANG Nan, CHEN Long, NIU Bing-li, LÜ Zhong. Research on Spectral Measurement Technology and Surface Material Analysis of Space Target. SPECTROSCOPY AND SPECTRAL ANALYSIS, 2021, 41(10): 3299-3306.
[1] Jorgensen K, Africano J, Hamada K, et al. Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference, 2001.
[2] Jorgensen K, Stansbery G, Africano J, et al. Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference, 2002.
[3] Jorgensen K, Okada J, Bradford L, et al. Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference, 2003.
[4] Jorgensen K, Okada J, Africano J, et al. Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference, 2004: 42.
[5] Guyote M, Boeing L T S. Inc. Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference, 2006: 720.
[6] Schildknecht T, Vananti A, Krag H, et al. Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference, 2009: 220.
[7] Seitzer P, Lederer S M, Cowardin H, et al. Visible Light Spectroscopy of GEO Debris, NASA, 2012.
[8] Baldridge A M, Hook S J, Grove C I, et al. Remote Sensing of Environment, 2009, 113(4): 711.
[9] JIN Xiao-long, TANG Yi-jun, SUI Cheng-hua(金小龙, 唐轶峻, 隋成华). Chinese Journal of Space Science(空间科学学报), 2014, 34(1): 95.
[10] Zhao X F, Zhang H Y, et al. Advances in Space Research, 2016, 58(11): 2269.
[11] Tippets R D, Wakefield S, Young S, et al. Optical Engineering, 2015, 54(10): 104103.
[12] Brent B, Kira A, Susan L, et al. United Kingdom Infrared Telescope’s Spectrograph Observations of Human-Made Space Objects, NASA, 2017.
[13] Susan M L, Brent A B, Phillip A-M, et al. NASA’s Ground-Based Observing Campaigns of Rocket Bodies with the UKIRT and NASA ES-MCAT Telescopes, NASA, 2017.
[14] SONG Wei, FENG Shi-qi, SHI Jing, et al(宋 薇, 冯诗淇, 石 晶, 等). Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis(光谱学与光谱分析), 2015, 35(6): 1464.
[15] Anil C, Craig B, Stephen G, et al. Advanced Maui Optical and Space Surveillance Technologies Conference, 2008: 372.
[16] TENG Yu(滕 宇). Applications of IC(集成电路应用), 2020, 37(1): 16.
[17] SHENG Zhou, XIE Shi-qian, PAN Cheng-yi(盛 骤, 谢式千, 潘承毅). Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics(概率论与数理统计). Beijing: Higher Education Press(北京：高等教育出版社), 2008. 161.
